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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inhibition of clavine biosynthesis by 5-fluorotryptophan; a useful tool for the study of regulatory and biosynthetic relationships in Claviceps (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 33 (1990), S. 330-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Clavine alkaloid production in submerged cultures of various Claviceps strains was inhibited by 0.25 mM 5-fluorotryptophan (5-Ftrp). The inhibition was removed by washing the cultures, or by addition of 50 mM tryptophan. Lower doses of tryptophan (0.25–25.0 mM) were ineffective. Addition of cycloheximide and/or 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HOQ) to be inhibited cultures 24 and 48 h prior washing increased the rate of alkaloid synthesis in washed cultures (superinduction) and the rate of clavine synthesis was proportional to the length of 8-HOQ pretreatment. The addition of 0.25 mM tryptophan in washed cultures also stimulated alkaloid synthesis, but only for 2–3 days, then production in the cultures without tryptophan was higher. Cultures of Claviceps strains 59 and EK-10 inhibited with 5-Ftrp were capable of converting chanoclavine into further clavine pathway products. 5-Fluorotryptophan probably acts as an inhibitor of the first enzyme of the clavine pathway. However, the superinduction suggests the presence of a labile regulatory protein controlling clavine biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00164531
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  • 2
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    Enhancement of Thermoelectric Performance in Hierarchical Mesoscopic Oxide Composites of Ca3Co4O9 and La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-23
    Description: The natural contradiction in enhancing electrical conductivity and thermopower in thermoelectric oxides makes it hard to improve the performance of a single thermoelectric oxide material. We report a facile method to construct a unique architecture of thermoelectric oxides that is promising to realize a simultaneous improvement of overall electrical conductivity and thermopower. Here, a series of two-phase nanocomposites comprising of Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 (CCO) and La 0.8 Sr 0.2 CoO 3 (LSCO) has been synthesized through ball milling followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The electron microscope images reveal that the two constituents form the unique composites while retaining their individual crystalline and morphological identities. Owing to the hierarchical mesoscopic structure with nanoscale particles and submicrometer scale grain boundaries, an external strain is induced into the CCO grains by the LSCO nanoparticles to enhance the thermopower. The mesoscopic structure is also favorable for improving the electrical conductivity. Moreover, the long-wavelength phonons can be scattered effectively from LSCO nanoparticles and the thermal conductivity is further suppressed. With compromises between power factor and thermal conductivity, the largest ZT achieved is up to 0.41 at 1000 K for the composites with 25 wt% of LSCO.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Electrorotation of Metallic Microspheres (2011)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    In: Langmuir
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-09
    Description: Langmuir DOI: 10.1021/la104784m
    Print ISSN: 0743-7463
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5827
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 4
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    Superconducting gap and pseudogap in near-optimally doped Bi_{2}Sr_{2−x}La_{x}CuO_{6+δ} (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-27
    Description: Author(s): J. K. Ren, Y. F. Wei, H. F. Yu, Ye Tian, Y. F. Ren, D. N. Zheng, S. P. Zhao, and C. T. Lin We present a tunneling study of the superconducting gap and pseudogap from near optimally doped submicron Bi 2 Sr 2− x La x CuO 6+ δ intrinsic Josephson junctions whose self-heating is significantly suppressed. We find that as temperature decreases a pseudogap develops around T ☆  = 165 K while the superconduc... [Phys. Rev. B 86, 014520] Published Thu Jul 26, 2012
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    CRISPR/Cas9 Mediates Efficient Conditional Mutagenesis in Drosophila (2014)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-15
    Description: Existing transgenic RNA interference (RNAi) methods greatly facilitate functional genome studies via controlled silencing of targeted mRNA in Drosophila . Although the RNAi approach is extremely powerful, concerns still linger about its low efficiency. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated conditional mutagenesis system by combining tissue-specific expression of Cas9 driven by the Gal4/upstream activating site system with various ubiquitously expressed guide RNA transgenes to effectively inactivate gene expression in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. Furthermore, by including multiple guide RNAs in a transgenic vector to target a single gene, we achieved a high degree of gene mutagenesis in specific tissues. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated conditional mutagenesis system provides a simple and effective tool for gene function analysis, and complements the existing RNAi approach.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 6
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    A dielectric polymer with high electric energy density and fast discharge speed (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-22
    Description: Dielectric polymers with high dipole density have the potential to achieve very high energy density, which is required in many modern electronics and electric systems. We demonstrate that a very high energy density with fast discharge speed and low loss can be obtained in defect-modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) polymers. This is achieved by combining nonpolar and polar molecular structural changes of the polymer with the proper dielectric constants, to avoid the electric displacement saturation at electric fields well below the breakdown field. The results indicate that a very high dielectric constant may not be desirable to reach a very high energy density.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chu, Baojin -- Zhou, Xin -- Ren, Kailiang -- Neese, Bret -- Lin, Minren -- Wang, Qing -- Bauer, F -- Zhang, Q M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):334-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA [corrected]〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Sphingosine 1-phosphate stimulates eyelid closure in the developing rat by stimulating EGFR signaling (2018)
    The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉In many mammals, the eyelids migrate over the eye and fuse during embryogenesis to protect the cornea from damage during birth and early life. Loss-of-function mutations affecting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway cause an eyes-open-at-birth (EOB) phenotype in rodents. We identified an insertional mutation in 〈i〉Spinster homolog 2〈/i〉 (〈i〉Spns2〈/i〉) in a strain of transgenic rats exhibiting the EOB phenotype. Spns2, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) transporter that releases S1P from cells, was enriched at the tip of developing eyelids in wild-type rat embryos. 〈i〉Spns2〈/i〉 expression or treatment with S1P or any one of several EGFR ligands rescued the EOB 〈i〉Spns2〈/i〉 mutant phenotype in vivo and in tissue explants in vitro and rescued the formation of stress fibers in primary keratinocytes from mutants. S1P signaled through the receptors S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3 to activate extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) and EGFR-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1)–c-Jun signaling. S1P also induced the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor MAL in a manner dependent on EGFR signaling. MAL and c-Jun stimulated the expression of the microRNAs 〈i〉miR-21〈/i〉 and 〈i〉miR-222〈/i〉, both of which target the metalloprotease inhibitor TIMP3, thus promoting metalloprotease activity. The metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17 stimulated EGFR signaling by cleaving a membrane-anchored form of EGF to release the ligand. Our results outline a network by which S1P transactivates EGFR signaling through a complex mechanism involving feedback between several intra- and extracellular molecules to promote eyelid fusion in the developing rat.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 1945-0877
    Electronic ISSN: 1937-9145
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Sex skewing in IVF offspring [Agricultural Sciences] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-24
    Description: Dynamic epigenetic reprogramming occurs during normal embryonic development at the preimplantation stage. Erroneous epigenetic modifications due to environmental perturbations such as manipulation and culture of embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF) are linked to various short- or long-term consequences. Among these, the skewed sex ratio, an indicator of reproductive hazards,...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    The wettability between etching solutions and the surface of multicrystalline silicon wafer during metal-assisted chemical etching process (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: In order to investigate the wettability of multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) with the etching solutions during metal-assisted chemical etching process, different surface structures were fabricated on the p-type multi-wire slurry sawn mc-Si wafers, such as as-cut wafers, polished wafers, and wafers etched in different solutions. The contact angles of different etching solutions on the surfaces of the wafers were measured. It was noted that all contact angles of etching solutions were smaller than the corresponding ones of deionized water, but the contact angles of different etching solutions were quite different. Among the contact angles of the etching solutions of AgNO 3 -HF, H 2 O 2 -HF, TMAH and HNO 3 -HF, the contact angle of TMAH solution was much larger than the others and that of HNO 3 -HF solution was much smaller. It is suggested that the larger contact angle may lead to an unevenly etching of silicon wafer due to the long rete...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 10
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    Wave excited motion of a body floating on water confined between two semi-infinite ice sheets (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-03
    Description: The wave excited motion of a body floating on water confined between two semi-infinite ice sheets is investigated. The ice sheet is treated as an elastic thin plate and water is treated as an ideal and incompressible fluid. The linearized velocity potential theory is adopted in the frequency domain and problems are solved by the method of matched eigenfunctions expansion. The fluid domain is divided into sub-regions and in each sub-region the velocity potential is expanded into a series of eigenfunctions satisfying the governing equation and the boundary conditions on horizontal planes including the free surface and ice sheets. Matching is conducted at the interfaces of two neighbouring regions to ensure the continuity of the pressure and velocity, and the unknown coefficients in the expressions are obtained as a result. The behaviour of the added mass and damping coefficients of the floating body with the effect of the ice sheets and the excitation force are analysed. They are found to vary oscillatorily with the wave number, which is different from that for a floating body in the open sea. The motion of the body confined between ice sheets is investigated, in particular its resonant behaviour with extremely large motion found to be possible under certain conditions. Standing waves within the polynya are also observed.
    Print ISSN: 1070-6631
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7666
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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