ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 154 (1972), S. 151-159 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Kinetik der heterogenen Polymerisation der LEUCHS-Anhydride aus L- und DL-Alanin in Acetonitril und die Morphologie der entstehenden Polymeren wurden in der Absicht untersucht, weitere Möglichkeiten für die Bildung von gestrecktkettigen Kristallen während der Polymerisation zu finden. Die Elektronenmikroskopie zeigte, daß sich die zu Beginn der Reaktion gebildeten Fasern im Verlauf der Polymerisation verdickten. Der Wachstumsmechanismus der Polypeptid-Kristalle ist ähnlich wie derjenige bei Polyoxymethylen-Kristallen, welche während der Polymerisation von Trioxan in Cyclohexan wachsen. Röntgenographische und IR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen ergaben, daß die wachsenden Kettenmoleküle nach Erreichen eines bestimmten Polymerisationsgrades (DP = ca. 3-4), bei dem sie im System nicht mehr löslich sind, in bändchenförmigen Fasern auskristallisieren, wobei die Moleküle in β-Konformation senkrecht zur Faserachse orientiert sind. Im weiteren Verlauf der Polymerisation wuchsen die Polymerketten, nachdem sie eine kritische Länge erreicht hatten, unter Ausbildung der α-Helix weiter, die in diesem Stadium der Polymerisation die stabilere Konformation zu sein scheint. Bei weiterer Zugabe von Monomerem wuchsen die vorhandenen Kristalle entsprechend weiter, und zwar unter Anfügung der Monomereinheiten an die reaktionsfähigen Kettenenden.Die auf diese Weise gewachsenen Polypeptidketten waren ziemlich locker gepackt, aber es bildeten sich während des gesamten Polymerisationsverlaufs gestreckte α-Helices. Mögliche Mechanismen für die Keimbildung und das folgende Wachstum der Kristalle im Verlauf der Polymerisation werden diskutiert.
    Notes: In order to pursue the possibility of the extended chain crystals formed in the course of polymerization, kinetics of the heterogeneous polymerization of L- and DL-alanine NCA in acetonitrile and the morphologies of the resultant polymers were studied. Electron microscopy revealed that the fibers formed in the beginning of polymerization thickened as the polymerization proceeded and that the growth mechanism of the polypeptide crystals is quite similar to that of polyoxymethylene crystals during the polymerization of trioxane in cyclohexane. The X-ray diffraction patterns and IR spectroscopy revealed that the growing chain molecules, when they attained a certain degree of polymerization (DP = ca. 3-4) beyond which they lost the solubility in the system, crystallized into the form of ribbon-like fibers in which molecules, with the β conformation, were aligned perpendicularly to the fiber axis. As the growing chains attained a critical length by further polymerization, they began to take the α-helical conformation which seemed to be more stable than the β conformation in the later stages. Thereafter, the crystals grew successively, taking the α-helical conformation, through addition of the monomer molecules onto the reactive chain ends.The grown polypeptide chains were rather loosely packed but extended α-helices in the crystals throughout the polymerization. Possible mechanisms are proposed for the nucleation and the subsequent growth of the crystals in the course of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Wachstumsmechanismus von Polypeptiden, die das Heteroatom S am β- oder γ-Kohlenstoff enthalten und die in der beta;-Konformation bzw. der α-Helix-Konformation auftreten, wurde während des Verlaufs einer heterogenen Polymerisation untersucht. Dabei wurden von uns Untersuchungen der Kinetik der heterogenen Polymerisation von S-Methyl-L-cystein-LEUCHS-Anhydrid (NCA), S-Benzyloxycarbonyl-L-cystein-NCA und L-Methionin-NCA mit Butylamin als Initiator in Acetonitril und der Morphologie der gebildeten Polymere durchgeführt. Wie zu erwarten war, konnte bestätigt werden, daß polymere S-substituierte L-Cysteine, die nur die β-Struktur als Ordnungsform annehmen, Kristalle mit Kettenfaltung ergaben. In allen untersuchten Fällen bildeten sich in den Anfangsstadien der Polymerisation lange, bändchenförmige Kristalle, die mit fortschreitender Polymerisation sich zu runden, stäbchenförmigen Fasern verdickten. Für den Wachstumsmechanismus dieser Polymerkristalle wird ein mögliches Modell vorgeschlagen, wobei die unregelmäßige β-Struktur zugrunde gelegt wurde. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß Poly(L-Methionin) mit α-Helixstruktur Kristalle mit gestreckten Ketten ergibt.
    Notes: In order to examine the growth mechanisms of polypeptides with a heteroatom, S, on the β- and γ-carbons which give the α-conformation and the α-helical conformation, resp., in the course of a heterogeneous polymerization, we have studied kinetics of the heterogeneous polymerization of S-methyl-L-cysteine N-carboxy anhydride (NCA), S-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-cysteine NCA and L-methionine NCA initiated by butylamine in acetonitrile and the morphologies of the resultant polymers. As was anticipated, it has been verified that poly-(S-substituted-L-cysteines), which take only the β-structure as the ordered form, gave the chain-folded crystals. In all the cases studied, long lath-like crystals formed in the early stages of polymerization thickened into round rod-like fibers as the polymerization proceeded. A possible model was proposed for the growth mechanism of these polymer crystals, taking into account the cross-β-structure. It has been revealed that poly(L-methionine) with the α-helical structure gave the extended chain crystals.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 373-389 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die heterogene Copolymerisation der N-Carboxyanhydride (NCA) aus Glycin und L-Alanin wurde in Acetonitril durchgeführt und der Wachstumsmechanismus der sich bildenden Copolymerkristalle untersucht. In den Ansätzen mit höherem Gehalt an Glycin erfolgt das Kristallwachstum über die Bildung der „Cross-β-Struktur“ wie bereits früher für die Bildung von Poly(S-methyl-L-cystein) vorgeschlagen. Es werden Kristalle aus gefalteten Ketten und hohe Ausbeuten erhalten. Die hohen Umsätze hängen mit der Aufweitung des Querschnitts der Ketten in den Kristallkeimen mit β-Struktur zusammen, die durch den Einbau von L-Alanin-Bausteinen in die Polyglycin-Kette verursacht wird.
    Notes: In order to examine the growth mechanism of copolymer crystals formed during polymerization, the heterogeneous copolymerization of glycine N-carboxy anhydride (NCA) and L-alanine NCA has been studied in acetonitrile. In the polymerization systems with higher contents of glycine, the crystal growth occurs through formation of the cross-β type structure as proposed previously for poly(S-methyl-L-cysteine), giving rise to chain-folded crystals and rather high conversions. The high conversion is accounted for by the widening of the cross-section of the β-chains in the backbone crystal, due to the introduction of L-alanine residues into the polyglycine chain. Copolymerization at higher contents of L-alanine leads to conversions over 90% and extended chain crystals, due to the formation of α-helices on the ribbon-like crystals composed of the β-structure just as in the case of L-alanine NCA homopolymerization, indicating the occlusion of the glycine residues into the helices.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Heterogeneous polymerizations of γ-methyl-L-glutamate N-carboxy anhydride (NCA), γ-benzyl-L-glutmate NCA, and β-benzyl-L-aspartate NCA were carried out using butylamine as initiator in acetonitrile at 30°C. The oligomer chains formed in the beginning of the polymerization crystallized into the antiparallel β-form and thereafter the α-helical chains grew from the active sites of the β-chains. The polymerization of γ-methyl-L-gultamate NCA proceeded to 100% conversion and accordingly gave rise to high molecular weight poly(γ-methyl-L-glutamate). The polymerizations of γ-benzyl-L-glutamate NCA and β-benzyl-L-aspartate NCA stopped at 54% and 16%, resp. The levelling-off of the conversion at such low values, in spite of the α-helical chain growth, may be due to the occlusion of the active chain ends of the resultant poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) and poly(β-benzyl-L-aspartate) into the crystals. It was concluded that the interlamellar crystallization was induced by the intermolecular interaction between the benzyl groups of the polymer side chains, giving rise to the occlusion of the active growing chain ends into the interstices of the crystal formed during the polymerization.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 179 (1978), S. 1861-1865 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 2127-2137 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A new method of polymerization of the N-carboxy anhydride (NCA) of glutamic acid is presented by which poly(glutamic acid) is obtained directly from the NCA without protecting its carboxyl group. The principle underlying is that by adjusting the mole ratio of the initiator butylamine, [I], to the monomer, [A], butylamine can be used as protecting agent for the carboxyl group of the NCA so that the rest of butylamine acts as initiator in the heterogeneous polymerization in acetonitrile. Quantitative conversion was obtained for an [A]/[I] ratio of 1. In analogy to other heterogeneous polymerizations of NCAs in acetonitrile, this is due to the formation of the helix during polymerization, which was confirmed by IR absorption and X-ray diffraction measurements. As the [A]/[I] ratio increases, the conversion, the helix content of the resultant polymer, and the amount of butylamine combined with it decrease drastically. It is suggested that “copolymerization” of the amine-protected and unprotected NCAs occurs, giving rise to a partially helical chain, whose contents of the amine-protected side chains and accordingly of the helix are the higher the smaller the [A]/[I] ratio.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation der Leuchs-Anhydride aus Glycin und β-Alanin mit Butylamin als Initiator wurde untersucht. Das Polymere scheidet sich in Form von Sphärolithen aus, die aus bändchenförmigen Kristall-Lamellen bestehen. In den bändchenförmigen Kristallen sind die mit Wasserstoffbrücken verbundenen Moleküle antiparallel orientiert. Diese Ergebnisse unterscheiden sich von den früher für α-Aminosäuren mitgeteilten, bei denen sich gestrecktkettige Kristalle unter Ausbildung der α-Helix bilden. Der Mechanismus des Wachstums der Kristalle wird diskutiert.
    Notes: The polymerization of N-carboxy anhydrides of glycine and β-alanine was studied in acetonitrile with butylamine as initiator. As was expected from the similarity of the backbone chain structure to nylons, the polymer precipitated in the form of a spherulite consisting of ribbon like crystalline units just as in the case of nylons previously reported. The molecules in the ribbon like crystals were arranged antiparallel forming a hydrogenbonded sheet. The result contrasts with that reported previously on some α-amino acids which gave helical polymer molecules organized in the form of an extended chain crystal. The mechanism of the crystal growth has been discussed along the same line as in the case of nylons.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...