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  • 1
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    Subsurface Drainage Flow and Soil Water Dynamics of Reconstructed Prairies and Corn Rotations for Biofuel Production (2014)
    Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-24
    Description: Land management of agricultural crops can have impacts on soil hydrology. The objective of our research was to evaluate subsurface drain flow and soil water storage dynamics due to land management practices of select annual- and perennial-based biofuel cropping systems. The cropping systems were continuous corn ( Zea mays L.; harvested for both grain and ~50% of the corn stover) with and without a winter cereal rye ( Secale cereale L. ssp. cereale ) cover crop, mixed prairies (harvested annually for aboveground biomass) with and without N fertilization, and corn–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotations harvested only for grain. Subsurface drainage flows and soil water content profiles were continuously monitored when soils were unfrozen during 2010 through 2012. Cropping systems were evaluated based on cumulative drainage and drainage event peak flows, time lags, and total durations. Cropping system influence on soil water storage did affect subsurface drainage flow characteristics and cumulative drainage. Prairies or the use of a winter cereal rye cover crop had greater lag times by 127 to 179%, lower peak flow intensities by 23 to 36%, and lower cumulative drainage by 37 to 46% than either corn–soybean rotations or continuous corn without a cover crop. The lower cumulative drainage was attributed to greater evapotranspiration rates and lower stored soil water that resulted in a decrease in peak flow intensities and increased time lags of both peak flow and drainage initiation. Low antecedent soil moisture resulted in low peak flows and cumulative drainage. Based on these findings, prairie systems or the use of a cover crop may aid in mitigating flood frequency in subsurface-drained landscapes.
    Electronic ISSN: 1539-1663
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)
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  • 2
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    Chromosome 2 sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-11-06
    Description: Chromosome 2 of Plasmodium falciparum was sequenced; this sequence contains 947,103 base pairs and encodes 210 predicted genes. In comparison with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, chromosome 2 has a lower gene density, introns are more frequent, and proteins are markedly enriched in nonglobular domains. A family of surface proteins, rifins, that may play a role in antigenic variation was identified. The complete sequencing of chromosome 2 has shown that sequencing of the A+T-rich P. falciparum genome is technically feasible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gardner, M J -- Tettelin, H -- Carucci, D J -- Cummings, L M -- Aravind, L -- Koonin, E V -- Shallom, S -- Mason, T -- Yu, K -- Fujii, C -- Pederson, J -- Shen, K -- Jing, J -- Aston, C -- Lai, Z -- Schwartz, D C -- Pertea, M -- Salzberg, S -- Zhou, L -- Sutton, G G -- Clayton, R -- White, O -- Smith, H O -- Fraser, C M -- Adams, M D -- Venter, J C -- Hoffman, S L -- R01 AI40125-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Nov 6;282(5391):1126-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9804551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/chemistry/genetics ; Base Composition ; Chromosomes/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Genes, Protozoan ; Genome, Protozoan ; Introns ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Plasmodium falciparum/*genetics ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; RNA, Protozoan/genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Glu/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Alignment ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Colorado Plateau magmatism and uplift by warming of heterogeneous lithosphere (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-19
    Description: The forces that drove rock uplift of the low-relief, high-elevation, tectonically stable Colorado Plateau are the subject of long-standing debate. While the adjacent Basin and Range province and Rio Grande rift province underwent Cenozoic shortening followed by extension, the plateau experienced approximately 2 km of rock uplift without significant internal deformation. Here we propose that warming of the thicker, more iron-depleted Colorado Plateau lithosphere over 35-40 Myr following mid-Cenozoic removal of the Farallon plate from beneath North America is the primary mechanism driving rock uplift. In our model, conductive re-equilibration not only explains the rock uplift of the plateau, but also provides a robust geodynamic interpretation of observed contrasts between the Colorado Plateau margins and the plateau interior. In particular, the model matches the encroachment of Cenozoic magmatism from the margins towards the plateau interior at rates of 3-6 km Myr(-1) and is consistent with lower seismic velocities and more negative Bouguer gravity at the margins than in the plateau interior. We suggest that warming of heterogeneous lithosphere is a powerful mechanism for driving epeirogenic rock uplift of the Colorado Plateau and may be of general importance in plate-interior settings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roy, Mousumi -- Jordan, Thomas H -- Pederson, Joel -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 18;459(7249):978-82. doi: 10.1038/nature08052.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA. mroy@unm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Arthur B. Pardee (1921-2019) (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Comment on "Age and evolution of the Grand Canyon revealed by U-Pb dating of water table-type speleothems" (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-20
    Description: Polyak et al. (Reports, 7 March 2008, p. 1377) reported speleothem data leading to their inference that the western Grand Canyon incised much earlier than previously thought. This contradicts several lines of published geological knowledge in the region, hinges upon unjustified hydrogeological assumptions, and is based on two anomalous data points for which we offer alternative explanations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pederson, Joel -- Young, Richard -- Lucchitta, Ivo -- Beard, L Sue -- Billingsley, George -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Sep 19;321(5896):1634; author reply 1634. doi: 10.1126/science.1158019.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4505, USA. joel.pederson@usu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18801983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    The potential to strengthen temperature reconstructions in ecoregions with limited tree line using a multispecies approach (2019)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈div data-abstract-type="normal"〉〈p〉Tree-ring reconstructions of temperature often target trees at altitudinal or latitudinal tree line where annual growth is broadly expected to be limited by and respond to temperature variability. Based on this principal, regions with sparse tree line would seem to be restricted in their potential to reconstruct past temperatures. In the northeastern United States, there are only two published temperature reconstructions. Previous work in the region reconstructing moisture availability, however, has shown that using a greater diversity of species can improve reconstruction model skill. Here, we use a network of 228 tree-ring records composed of 29 species to test the hypothesis that an increase in species diversity among the pool of predictors improves reconstructions of past temperatures. 〈span〉Chamaecyparis thyoides〈/span〉 alone explained 31% of the variability in observed cool-season minimum temperatures, but a multispecies model increased the explained variance to 44%. 〈span〉Liriodendron tulipifera〈/span〉, a species not previously used for temperature reconstructions, explained a similar amount of variance as 〈span〉Chamaecyparis thyoides〈/span〉 (12.9% and 20.8%, respectively). Increasing the species diversity of tree proxies has the potential for improving reconstruction of paleotemperatures in regions lacking latitudinal or elevational tree lines provided that long-lived hardwood records can be located.〈/p〉〈/div〉
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of various levels of calcium carbonate upon certain physical properties of flexible PVC (1982)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 4 (1982), S. 146-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of various levels of calcium-carbonate filler on the physical properties of flexible PVC ranges from no effect on volume resistivity to a dramatic effect on processability. The effects are dependent upon the mean particle size and coating of the filler. Processors need to recognize the quantitative relationship between levels of calcium carbonate in flexible PVC and the resin's physical properties.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730040406
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  • 8
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    The colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. A: Current distribution, basic biology and potential threat to marine communities of the northeast and west coasts of North America (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 342 (2007): 99-108, doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.020.
    Description: Didemnum sp. A is a colonial ascidian with rapidly expanding populations on the east and west coasts of North America. The origin of Didemum sp. A is unknown. Populations were first observed on the northeast coast of the U.S. in the late 1980s and on the west coast during the 1990s. It is currently undergoing a massive population explosion and is now a dominant member of many subtidal communities on both coasts. To determine Didemnum sp. A’s current distribution, we conducted surveys from Maine to Virginia on the east coast and from British Columbia to southern California on the west coast of the U.S. between 1998 and 2005. In nearshore locations Didemnum sp. A currently ranges from Eastport, Maine to Shinnecock Bay, New York on the east coast. On the west coast it has been recorded from Humboldt Bay to Port San Luis in California, several sites in Puget Sound, Washington, including a heavily fouled mussel culture facility, and several sites in southwestern British Columbia on and adjacent to oyster and mussel farms. The species also occurs at deeper subtidal sites (up to 81 m) off New England, including Georges, Stellwagen and Tillies Banks. On Georges Bank numerous sites within a 147 km2 area are 50-90% covered by Didemnum sp. A; large colonies cement the pebble gravel into nearly solid mats that may smother infaunal organisms. These observations suggest that Didemnum sp. A has the potential to alter marine communities and affect economically important activities such as fishing and aquaculture.
    Description: Funding for this project was provided by EPA (STAR) grant GZ1910464 to R.B. Whitlatch, NSF-DGE 0114432 to J. Byrnes, NSF-OCE 0117839 to R. Etter and R.J. Miller, MIT Sea Grant NA86RG0074 and USEPA Grant GX83055701-0 to J. Pederson. RI Sea Grant NA07R90363 to J.S. Collie. Funding for A.N. Cohen and G. Lambert was provided by Mass. Sea Grant, U.S. EPA, Smithsonian Envl. Research Center Invasions Lab, Natl. Geographic Soc., San Francisco Bay-Delta Science Consortium and CALFED Science Program, Calif. Coastal Conservancy and the Rose Foundation. Additional funding and support was provided by the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.
    Keywords: Ascidian ; Didemnum ; Distribution ; Fouling ; Georges Bank ; Invasive species ; Nonindigenous ; Stellwagen Bank ; Tillies Bank ; Tunicate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Integrated Use of Tebuconazole and Fusarium Head Blight-Resistant Barley Genotypes (2006)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-1962
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0645
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Rapid river incision across an inactive fault--Implications for patterns of erosion and deformation in the central Colorado Plateau (2013)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-18
    Description: The Colorado Plateau presents a contrast between deep and seemingly recent erosion and apparently only mild late Cenozoic tectonic activity. Researchers have recently proposed multiple sources of epeirogenic uplift and intriguing patterns of differential incision, yet little or no quantitative constraints exist in the heart of the plateau to test these ideas. Here, we use both optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and uranium-series dating to delimit the record of fluvial strath terraces at Crystal Geyser in southeastern Utah, where the Little Grand Wash fault crosses the Green River in the broad Mancos Shale badlands of the central plateau. Results indicate there has been no deformation of terraces or surface rupture of the fault in the past 100 k.y. The Green River, on the other hand, has incised at a relatively rapid pace of 45 cm/k.y. (450 m/m.y.) over that same time, following a regional pattern of focused incision in the "bull’s-eye" of the central plateau. The Little Grand Wash fault may have initiated during Early Tertiary Laramide tectonism, but it contrasts with related structures of the ancestral Paradox Basin that are presently active due to salt dissolution and focused differential erosion. We also hypothesize there may be a Pliocene component of fault slip in the region linked to broad-wavelength erosional unloading, domal rebound, and extension. An apparent rapid decrease in incision rates just upstream through Desolation Canyon suggests the Green River here may have recently experienced an upstream-migrating wave of incision.
    Print ISSN: 1941-8264
    Electronic ISSN: 1947-4253
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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