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    Deconstruction of a neural circuit for hunger (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-07-18
    Description: Hunger is a complex behavioural state that elicits intense food seeking and consumption. These behaviours are rapidly recapitulated by activation of starvation-sensitive AGRP neurons, which present an entry point for reverse-engineering neural circuits for hunger. Here we mapped synaptic interactions of AGRP neurons with multiple cell populations in mice and probed the contribution of these distinct circuits to feeding behaviour using optogenetic and pharmacogenetic techniques. An inhibitory circuit with paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) neurons substantially accounted for acute AGRP neuron-evoked eating, whereas two other prominent circuits were insufficient. Within the PVH, we found that AGRP neurons target and inhibit oxytocin neurons, a small population that is selectively lost in Prader-Willi syndrome, a condition involving insatiable hunger. By developing strategies for evaluating molecularly defined circuits, we show that AGRP neuron suppression of oxytocin neurons is critical for evoked feeding. These experiments reveal a new neural circuit that regulates hunger state and pathways associated with overeating disorders.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3416931/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3416931/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atasoy, Deniz -- Betley, J Nicholas -- Su, Helen H -- Sternson, Scott M -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 9;488(7410):172-7. doi: 10.1038/nature11270.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22801496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agouti-Related Protein/metabolism ; Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Axons/metabolism ; Eating/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Female ; Food Deprivation ; Hunger/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Pathways/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Oxytocin/metabolism ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/metabolism ; Starvation ; Synapses/metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Neurons for hunger and thirst transmit a negative-valence teaching signal (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-29
    Description: Homeostasis is a biological principle for regulation of essential physiological parameters within a set range. Behavioural responses due to deviation from homeostasis are critical for survival, but motivational processes engaged by physiological need states are incompletely understood. We examined motivational characteristics of two separate neuron populations that regulate energy and fluid homeostasis by using cell-type-specific activity manipulations in mice. We found that starvation-sensitive AGRP neurons exhibit properties consistent with a negative-valence teaching signal. Mice avoided activation of AGRP neurons, indicating that AGRP neuron activity has negative valence. AGRP neuron inhibition conditioned preference for flavours and places. Correspondingly, deep-brain calcium imaging revealed that AGRP neuron activity rapidly reduced in response to food-related cues. Complementary experiments activating thirst-promoting neurons also conditioned avoidance. Therefore, these need-sensing neurons condition preference for environmental cues associated with nutrient or water ingestion, which is learned through reduction of negative-valence signals during restoration of homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567040/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567040/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Betley, J Nicholas -- Xu, Shengjin -- Cao, Zhen Fang Huang -- Gong, Rong -- Magnus, Christopher J -- Yu, Yang -- Sternson, Scott M -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 May 14;521(7551):180-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14416. Epub 2015 Apr 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agouti-Related Protein/metabolism ; Animals ; Cues ; Dehydration ; Drinking/*physiology ; Eating/*physiology ; Food ; Food Preferences ; Homeostasis ; Hunger/*physiology ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Starvation ; Thirst/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
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