Publication Date:
2011-04-23
Description:
Mucosal surfaces constantly encounter microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate recognition of microbial patterns to eliminate pathogens. By contrast, we demonstrate that the prominent gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis activates the TLR pathway to establish host-microbial symbiosis. TLR2 on CD4(+) T cells is required for B. fragilis colonization of a unique mucosal niche in mice during homeostasis. A symbiosis factor (PSA, polysaccharide A) of B. fragilis signals through TLR2 directly on Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells to promote immunologic tolerance. B. fragilis lacking PSA is unable to restrain T helper 17 cell responses and is defective in niche-specific mucosal colonization. Therefore, commensal bacteria exploit the TLR pathway to actively suppress immunity. We propose that the immune system can discriminate between pathogens and the microbiota through recognition of symbiotic bacterial molecules in a process that engenders commensal colonization.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164325/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164325/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Round, June L -- Lee, S Melanie -- Li, Jennifer -- Tran, Gloria -- Jabri, Bana -- Chatila, Talal A -- Mazmanian, Sarkis K -- AI 080002/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK 078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI085090/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI085090-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI085090-01S1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI085090-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI085090-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-01A2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI080002/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI080002-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI080002-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):974-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1206095. Epub 2011 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. jround@caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21512004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Bacteroides fragilis/*growth & development/*immunology
;
Colon/immunology/microbiology
;
Germ-Free Life
;
Homeostasis
;
Humans
;
*Immune Tolerance
;
Immunity, Mucosal
;
Interleukin-10/metabolism
;
Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology/*microbiology
;
Metagenome
;
Mice
;
Mice, Inbred C57BL
;
Models, Biological
;
Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology/*metabolism
;
Signal Transduction
;
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
;
Symbiosis
;
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
;
Th17 Cells/immunology
;
Toll-Like Receptor 2/immunology/*metabolism
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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