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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Salt tectonics, sediments and prospectivity (2012)
    London : The Geological Society
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: 9/M 07.0421(363)
    In: Geological Society special publication
    Description / Table of Contents: In this timely volume, geoscientists from both industry and academia present a contemporary view of salt at a global scale. The studies examine the influence of salt on synkinematic sedimentation, its role in basin evolution and tectonics, and ultimately in hydrocarbon prospectivity. Recent improvements in seismic reflection, acquisition and processing techniques have led to significant advances in the understanding of salt and sediment interactions, both along the flanks of vertical or overturned salt margins, and in subsalt plays such as offshore Brazil. The book is broadly separated into five major themes covering a variety of geographical and process-linked topics. These are: halokinetic sequence stratigraphy, salt in passive margin settings, Central European salt basins, deformation within and adjacent to salt, and salt in contractional settings and salt glaciers.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VI, 624 S. : farb. Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9781862393417
    Series Statement: Geological Society special publication 363
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/363/1
    Classification:
    Tectonics
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    River to reservoir : geoscience to engineering (2019)
    London : The Geological Society
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: 9/M 07.0421(488)
    In: Geological Society Special Publication
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume brings together a number of papers from two workshops with the theme, ‘Rain, Rivers, Reservoirs’, which considered the dynamic changes to river systems as part of natural processes, particularly changing climatic conditions. Bringing researchers from two different locations to Brazil and the UK allowed scientists to contribute to and promote, ‘debate on current research…on how the planet works and how we can live sustainably on it’. This volume features a series of papers on the geoscience of modern and ancient rivers from across the world (Brazil, United States, Spain, Argentina, Canada, India and the UK), their evolution through time, their management, their deposits and their engineering, with both subsurface aquifers/hydrocarbon reservoirs (of Carboniferous, Triassic and Cretaceous age) and surface reservoirs considered.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: viii, 295 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 978-1-78620-431-8
    Series Statement: Geological Society Special Publication 488
    URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/488/1
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
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  • 3
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    Characterization of Deep Marine Clastic Systems (1995)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: Klastisches Gestein ; Meer ; Tiefsee ; Sediment
    Description / Table of Contents: Adrian Hartley and Jeremy Prosser: Characterization of deep marine clastic systems / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:1-3, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.01 --- R. Anderton: Sequences, cycles and other nonsense: are submarine fan models any use in reservoir geology? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:5-11, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.02 --- Shunji Ouchi, Frank G. Ethridge, Edward W. James, and S. A. Schumm: Experimental study of subaqueous fan development / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:13-29, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.03 --- Ben Kneller: Beyond the turbidite paradigm: physical models for deposition of turbidites and their implications for reservoir prediction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:31-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.04 --- Simon R. Hughes, Jan Alexander, and Tim H. Druitt: Anisotropic grain fabric: volcanic and laboratory analogues for turbidites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:51-62, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.05 --- Robert J. Nichols: The liquification and remobilization of sandy sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:63-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.06 --- R. J. Dixon, K. Schofield, R. Anderton, A. D. Reynolds, R. W. S. Alexander, M. C. Williams, and K. G. Davies: Sandstone diapirism and clastic intrusion in the Tertiary submarine fans of the Bruce-Beryl Embayment, Quadrant 9, UKCS / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:77-94, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.07 --- Candace M. Brooke, Tim J. Trimble, and Tom A. Mackay: Mounded shallow gas sands from the Quaternary of the North Sea: analogues for the formation of sand mounds in deep water Tertiary sediments? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:95-101, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.08 --- J. C. Pauley: Sandstone megabeds from the Tertiary of the North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:103-114, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.09 --- Bryan T. Cronin: Structurally-controlled deep sea channel courses: examples from the Miocene of southeast Spain and the Alboran Sea, southwest Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:115-135, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.10 --- J. R. Browne and D. Pirrie: Sediment dispersal patterns in a deep marine back-arc basin: evidence from heavy mineral provenance studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:137-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.11 --- Ivo Verstralen, Adrian Hartley, and Andrew Hurst: The sedimentological record of a late Jurassic transgression: Rona Member (Kimmeridge Clay Formation equivalent), West Shetland Basin, UKCS / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:155-176, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.12 --- Roseleen S. Watson, Nigel H. Trewin, and Anthony E. Fallick: The formation of carbonate cements in the Forth and Balmoral Fields, northern North Sea: a case for biodegradation, carbonate cementation and oil leakage during early burial / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:177-200, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.13 --- D. J. Prosser, M. E. McKeever, A. J. C. Hogg, and A. Hurst: Permeability heterogeneity within massive Jurassic submarine fan sandstones from the Miller Field, northern North Sea, UK / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:201-219, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.14 --- Melissa Johansson and Dorrik A. V. Stow: A classification scheme for shale clasts in deep water sandstones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 94:221-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.15
    Pages: Online-Ressource (247 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799357
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/94/1
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mega-debris flow deposits from the Oligo-Miocene Pindos foreland basin, western mainland Greece: implications for transport mechanisms in ancient deep marine basins (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 39 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The turbidite dominated, Oligo-Miocene Pindos foreland basin of western mainland Greece contains two thick (60–72 m), matrix supported conglomerates. The conglomerates are ungraded and contain three clast types: (1) polymict, rounded, extrabasinal clasts (long axes 3–50 cm); (2) tightly folded, intrabasinal clasts (long axes 1–10 m); and (3) tabular, largely undeformed, intrabasinal blocks (long axes 18–300 m). Clasts are isolated within a slit dominated matrix. These chaotic, matrix supported conglomerates are interpreted as mega-debris flow deposits. During transport, extrabasinal clasts were supported by a combination of matrix cohesion and clast dispersive pressure, folded intrabasinal clasts were supported by a combination of buoyancy (Archimedes principle) and clast dispersive pressure. The large tabular clasts were transported by gravity sliding/gliding within the flow on films at high pore fluid pressure. These different clast support mechanisms were active simultaneously within the Pindos mega-debris flow deposits. As a result, the deposits have no systemic vertical stratigraphy, in contrast to many described large scale mass flow deposits. The mega-debris flow deposits are significantly thicker than most described ancient siliciclastic debris flow deposits and provide an ancient analogue for the thick Recent siliciclastic debris flow deposits on continental margins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb01993.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miocene Gypcretes from the Calama Basin, northern Chile (1998)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd, UK
    Sedimentology 45 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Gypcretes of Miocene age are preserved beneath a 9·53 ± 0·36 Ma ignimbrite along the eastern margin of the Oligo-Pleistocene Calama Basin, northern Chile. They are restricted to a single stratigraphic horizon developed within laterally extensive (〉35 km) coalesced alluvial fan deposits, developed along the margin of an endorheic basin. Two types of gypcrete are recognized. Type 1 comprises almost completely gypsum-cemented sandstones containing alabastrine nodules and columns, sub-vertical and horizontal veins of fibrous gypsum and ‘v-shaped’ cracks infilled by clastic material, and are interpreted as surface weathered gypsic crusts. Type 2 gypcretes are composed of massive, reddened poikilitic and mesocrystalline gypsum (up to 80% of the rock) with isolated bedding-parallel, clast-rich lenses (200 × 30 cm) and sub-vertical veins of fibrous gypsum. The massive texture resembles that of well developed B horizons in Quaternary alluvial desert soils. The crystal forms suggest an origin as a subsurface gypsic crust formed by a combination of hydromorphic (poikilitic) and illuvial (mesocrystalline) processes with the fibrous gypsum veins suggestive of periodic surface exposure.Gypcrete horizons are up to 25 m thick and composed of both gypcrete types. They represent superimposed phases of surface and subsurface gypcrete development. Quaternary gypcretes are developed in arid climatic regimes, but are not considered to develop under hyper-arid climates. An arid climate is considered to have prevailed in the study area up to 9·5 Ma after which a change to hyper-aridity favoured gypcrete preservation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.0166e.x
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  • 6
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    Climatic controls on alluvial-fan activity, Coastal Cordillera, northern Chile (2007)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 251: 95-116.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-08
    Description: A description of the distribution, drainage basin characteristics, surface morphology, depositional process and age of 64 alluvial fan systems from both flanks of the hyper-arid Coastal Cordillera of northern Chile between 22{degrees}15'S and 23{degrees}40'S is presented. The coastal fans on the western flank of the Coastal Cordillera are dominated by debris-flow deposits fed from steep catchments. Two drainage basin types are recognized: type A drainage basins are small (10-30 km2) and do not cut back beyond the main coastal watershed; and type B drainage basins are large (up to 400 km2) and cut inland beyond the coastal watershed. The western Central Depression fans on the eastern flank of the Coastal Cordillera are characterized by sheetflood deposition fed from relatively shallow catchments in small drainage basins (10-50 km2). The surface morphology, sedimentation rates, a luminescence date and regional cosmogenic radionucleide data suggest that these fans have been inactive for at least the last 230 000 years and probably for much of the Neogene. The principal control on fan activity in the study area is climate. The Coastal Cordillera forms an orographic barrier to recent El Nino-related precipitation events that are restricted to the western flank of the Coastal Cordillera. These events did not penetrate into the Central Depression as indicated by the inactive nature of the western Central Depression fans located 25 km east of the active coastal-fan catchments. This scenario is considered to have prevailed for much of the Neogene. Climate also controls rates of weathering on alluvial-fan surfaces. The coastal fog results in rapid salt weathering of clasts on coastal fans resulting in the production of fines, but does not penetrate into the Central Depression. Fault activity is important in controlling drainage basin size. The larger (type B) drainage basins are commonly focused on active faults that cut the coastal watershed, facilitating drainage basin expansion. Source-area lithology is not important in controlling depositional processes. Fans on both sides of the cordillera have the same basaltic andesite and granodiorite source lithologies, yet coastal fans are dominated by debris-flow and western Central Depression fans by sheetflood deposition. A combination of chemical weathering and stream power related to gradient are considered to account for the differences in process.
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  • 7
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    Salt tectonics, sediments and prospectivity: an introduction (2012)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 363: 1-6.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-13
    Description: SALT: AN INTRODUCTION Salt is a crystalline aggregate of the mineral halite, which forms in restricted environments where the hydrodynamic balance is dominated by evaporation. The term is used non-descriptively to incorporate all evaporitic deposits that are mobile in the subsurface. It is the mobility of salt that makes it such an interesting and complex material to study. As a rock, salt is almost unique in that it can deform rapidly under geological conditions, reacting on slopes =0.5° dip and behaving much like a viscous fluid. Salt has a negligible yield strength and so is easy to deform, principally by differential sedimentary or tectonic loading. Significant differences in rheology and behavioural characteristics exist between the individual evaporitic deposits. Wet salt deforms largely by diffusion creep, especially under low strain rates and when differential stresses are low. Basins that contain salt therefore evolve and deform more complexly than basins where salt is absent. The addition of halokinetic processes to the geodynamic history of a basin can lead to a plethora of architectures and geometries. The rich variety of resultant morphologies have considerable economic as well as academic interest. Historically, salt has played an important role in petroleum exploration since the Spindletop Dome discovery in Beaumont, Texas in 1906. Today, much of the prime interest in salt tectonics still derives from the petroleum industry because many of the world's largest hydrocarbon provinces reside in salt-related sedimentary basins (e.g. Gulf of Mexico, North Sea, Campos Basin, Lower Congo Basin, Santos Basin and Zagros). An understanding of salt and how it influences tectonics and sedimentation is therefore critical to effective and efficient petroleum exploration. Within rift basins in particular, salt is seen to orchestrate the petroleum system. Through halokinesis it creates structural traps, counter-regional dips on continental margins, and it can carry or entrain adjacent lithologies via...
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  • 8
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    Spatial and Temporal Evolution of an Avulsion on the Taquari River Distributive Fluvial System from Satellite Image Analysis (2011)
    Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-01
    Description: Avulsion processes have been observed and analyzed using field based studies, however, they have rarely been analyzed through use of satellite imagery even though such an approach allows documentation of spatial and temporal variations of the resulting deposits. In order to document changes that are occurring at the Caronal avulsion on the Taquari River, Brazil, a time series of LANDSAT imagery from 1985 to present (2010) was compiled. As of July 2010, the imagery shows that the avulsion is not yet complete, with discharge being routed to both the parent channel and the avulsion channel in the floodbasin. The avulsion was initiated as flow was diverted from the parent channel to the floodbasin through two small crevasses, allowing the development and evolution of splays, with a single splay stabilizing only since 1999. The avulsion area is marked by the growth of new splays, the formation of an avulsion belt, and progradation of avulsion deposits into the floodbasin. The parent channel downstream of the avulsion site has experienced decreasing width through time, associated with the higher volumes of water and sediment being captured by the avulsion channel. Because this avulsion is not yet complete, we expect more morphological changes to occur as the avulsion belt evolves into the primary channel. Rapid sedimentation caused by this avulsion and the 24-year time series of imagery that captured this change allowed us to construct a 3D block representing the evolution of depositional environments associated with avulsion, using time in the vertical dimension. Thus we could represent the evolution of geomorphological patterns, including floodbasin, proximal levee, distal levee, and channel deposits, and project their distributions through time. This block of evolving sedimentary settings can be used as a guide for future sedimentologic studies by offering visual clues regarding the way which depositional systems track avulsion-initiated changes.
    Print ISSN: 1527-1404
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
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  • 9
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    Prolonged dynamic support from the Icelandic plume of the NE Atlantic margin (2018)
    Geological Society of London
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    Publication Date: 2018-01-17
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 10
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    Caledonian foreland basin sedimentation: A new depositional model for the Upper Silurian‐Lower Devonian Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Midland Valley Basin, Scotland (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Print ISSN: 0950-091X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2117
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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