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Precambrian crustal blocks in Minnesota : neodymium isotope evidence from basement and metasedimentary rocks (1995)

Hemming, S. R. ; Hanson, G. N. ; MacLennan, S. M.

Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.

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Call number: SR 90.0001(1904-U)

In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin

Type of Medium: Series available for loan

Pages: III, U-15 S.

Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1904-U

Language: English

Location: Lower compact magazine

Branch Library: GFZ Library

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Assessing scleractinian corals as recorders for paleo-pH: Empirical calibration and vital effects (2004)

Hönisch, B. ; Hemming, N. G. ; Grottolii, A. G. ; [et al.]

In: EPIC3Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 68(18), pp. 3675-3685

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Publication Date: 2019-07-17

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

Format: application/pdf

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Rare Earth Elements in Petrogenetic Studies of Igneous Systems (1980)

Hanson, G N

Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 8 (1980), S. 371-406

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ISSN: 0084-6597

Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff

Topics: Geosciences , Physics

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.08.050180.002103

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Geochemistry and provenance of the Middle Ordovician Austin Glen Member (Normanskill Formation) and the Taconian Orogeny in New England (1998)

BOCK, BARBARA ; MCLENNAN, S. M. ; HANSON, G. N.

Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Sedimentology 45 (1998), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3091

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: The Austin Glen Member of the upper Middle Ordovician Normanskill Formation is a sandstone-shale flysch succession deposited in the foreland of the Taconian Orogen. Petrographic, major and trace element, and Nd–Pb isotopic data provide substantial constraints on its provenance. Lack of K-feldspar and paucity of plagioclase, in addition to the dominance of sedimentary rock fragments, indicate that the source was dominated by recycled, sedimentary components. Major and trace element data support this conclusion and indicate that the provenance of both shales and sandstones was the same. No evidence of an ophiolitic or volcanic component was observed. Interpretation of Nd isotopic characteristics are complicated by a partial resetting of the Nd isotope system at about the time of sedimentation but indicate that the provenance of the Austin Glen Member had a long-term history of light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment (average TDM = 1·8 Ga). Furthermore, Nd isotopic compositions are extremely homogeneous (ɛNd = –8·1 ± 0·6; 1 s.d.; n = 23) at 450 Ma, the approximate depositional age, indicating either a single source or very well-mixed sources. 207Pb/204Pb ratios are variable but within the range of Pb isotopic compositions typically described as Grenvillian. The range of 207Pb/204Pb is greater than expected for the range of 206Pb/204Pb and suggests an additional component of Pb, possibly introduced during diagenesis. The immediate source of the Austin Glen Member may have been the accretionary prism that developed as older sediments of the Laurentian margin were scraped off the basin floor, incorporated within the accretionary prism and shed into the basin. No evidence indicating the arrival of an undifferentiated island arc or continental fragment during the Taconian Orogeny has been found. The data acquired during this study can be explained almost exclusively by Grenville Province source components but with possible additional contributions from older Laurentian terranes and Late Proterozoic rift volcanics that are not readily quantified but likely to have been minor. Accordingly, we conclude that the Taconian Orogeny in New England involved either: (1) a continental arc that involved exclusively Laurentia; (2) collision of a continental block with identical geochemical characteristics as Laurentia; or (3) essentially no detritus from any exotic colliding block (island arc or continental fragment) reached the foreland basin at the time of Austin Glen deposition.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00168.x

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Scale and timing of Rare Earth Element redistribution in the Taconian foreland of New England (2004)

Bock, Barbara ; Hurowitz, J. A. ; Mclennan, S. M. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Sedimentology 51 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3091

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Clastic sedimentary rocks, deposited on eastern North America in response to the Taconian Orogeny, commonly have Sm/Nd isotope relationships indicating substantial isotope disturbance near or subsequent to the time of sedimentation that may be associated with severe depletion in light rare earth elements (LREE). Affected units [Normanskill Formation (Austin Glen and Pawlet Members), Frankfort Formation and Perry Mountain Formation] are widely separated both geographically (western New York to western Maine) and stratigraphically (Middle Ordovician to Silurian). A model is proposed for the most likely explanation of the observed REE and Sm/Nd isotope relationships involving a two-stage process. In the first stage, REE are redistributed on a mineralogical scale (dissolution/precipitation on a sample scale) often with the involvement of REE-enriched trace phases such as apatite and monazite. This stage typically takes place during diagenesis but may also take place later during metamorphism and/or recent weathering, and results in isotope re-equilibration on a sample scale. The second stage occurs when one or more of these phases is redissolved and REE are transported on large advective scales. Where LREE-enriched phases are involved, this gives rise to LREE depletion in whole rocks. The timing of this second stage cannot be constrained from Sm/Nd isotope data and may take place at any time subsequent to the isotope re-equilibration. Such complex histories of REE redistribution may result in serious errors in estimating Nd model ages but not in estimating the Nd isotope composition at the age of sedimentation. Thus, Sm/Nd ratios even of unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks have to be carefully evaluated before the calculation of depleted mantle model ages for the provenance.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2004.00656.x

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U-Pb systematics of garnet: dating the growth of garnet in the late Archean Pikwitonei granulite domain at Cauchon and Natawahunan Lakes, Manitoba, Canada (1989)

Mezger, K. ; Hanson, G. N. ; Bohlen, S. R.

Springer

Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 101 (1989), S. 136-148

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ISSN: 1432-0967

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract This study considers the potential of using the U-Pb dating of garnet for determining quantitative P-T-t paths for the late Archean metamorphism in the Pikwitonei granulite domain. Garnets for U-Pb dating were selected mainly from samples that also provide information on pressure and temperature. The garnets used for dating were clear and free of any visible inclusions. Pb concentrations range from 63 ppb to 966 ppb and U from 136 ppb to 1143 ppb. The measured 206Pb/204Pb ratios range from 52.8 to 529.4. The ages are generally discordant with U/Pb ages that may lie above or below concordia. The discordance is caused by a recent disturbance of the U/Pb ratio in the garnets as indicated by replicate analyses on the same garnet separates that reproduce 207Pb/206Pb ages well within analytical uncertainty and in most cases within ±1.5 Ma at 2600–2750 Ma. High grade metamorphism continued over a period of at least one hundred million years, but the garnet-K-feldspar Pb-Pb ages suggest that, during this time, garnet growth has been favored during three distinct periods in the Cauchon Lake area: 2700–2687 Ma 2660–2637 Ma 2605–2591 Ma The ca. 2695 Ma garnet ages from Cauchon Lake date the time of melting and staurolite breakdown during prograde metamorphism, the ca. 2640 Ma ages date the time of extensive migmatization and the last period of metamorphic garnet growth, the ca. 2600 Ma ages date the time of crystallization of igneous garnet in late granitic intrusions. Peak metamorphism occurred around 2640 Ma followed by the intrusions of pegmatites starting at 2629 Ma. The Pb-Pb ages for garnet are similar to the U-Pb ages for zircon that date a leucocratic mobilizate (2695 Ma), a plagioclaseamphibole mobilizate (2637 Ma) and pegmatite (2598 Ma) (Heaman et al. 1986 a; Krogh et al. 1986; this study). Xenocrysts of garnet from 2600 Ma old graphic granites give minimum ages of 2984 Ma and 2741 Ma which are minima for the times of garnet growth in the source of the granites. The agreement of the zircon and garnet ages suggests that the metamorphism may have been punctuated by events that led to the development of melts or encouraged mineral growth at specific times. If so, the prograde and retrograde paths of metamorphism in the area may have contained minor excursions in pressure, temperature or fluid fugacities. In the Natawahunan Lake area some 50 km northwest of Cauchon Lake, garnet growth associated with the prograde breakdown of staurolite occurred at ca. 2744–2734 Ma. This suggests that a similar style of metamorphism may have occurred earlier in the Natawahunan Lake area than at Cauchon Lake area, or higher grades of metamorphism were reached earlier and were of longer duration associated with the somewhat greater depths in the Natawahunan Lake area. These results indicate the these garnets, which are 0.1–1 cm in diameter, have maintained closed system behavior for U and Pb at peak metamorphic conditions, i.e. temperatures up to 800° C and pressures of 7.5 kb.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375301

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Sources of continental magmatism adjacent to the late Archean Kolar Suture Zone, south India: distinct isotopic and elemental signatures of two late Archean magmatic series (1995)

Krogstad, E. J. ; Hanson, G. N. ; Rajamani, V.

Springer

Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 122 (1995), S. 159-173

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ISSN: 1432-0967

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Conspicuous Nd, Sr and Pb isotopic differences exist between the Archean gneiss terranes adjoining the suture at the Kolar Schist Belt, south India. These gneisses, which are the deformed equivalents of plutonic and volcanic rocks, have known or inferred igneous ages of 2630 to 2530 Ma. Initial isotopic ratios of Nd, Sr and Pb suggest that metaplutonic gneisses west of the Kolar Schist Belt were emplaced into, and variably contaminated by, an evolved continental crust that formed prior to 3200 Ma. Felsic metaigneous gneisses that occur as slivers on the western margin of the schist belt have an isotopic character similar to that of the metaplutonic rocks on the same side of the Kolar Schist Belt. On the east side of the Kolar Schist Belt the isotopic evidence suggests that the 2530 Ma granitic gneisses were not derived from or contaminated by an older continental crust. Their source probably evolved with a Nd isotopic composition similar to that of typical Archean mantle, but became light rare earth element enriched after 2900 to 2700 Ma. The inferred tectonic setting for the west side of the Kolar Schist Belt is an Andean continental magmatic arc. For the east side of the Kolar Schist Belt, a possible Phanerozoic analog is an evolved island arc, such as Japan.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004100050119

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Pb and Nd isotope constraints on the origin of high Mg and tholeiitic amphibolites, Kolar Schist Belt, South India (1991)

Balakrishnan, S. ; Hanson, G. N. ; Rajamani, V.

Springer

Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 107 (1991), S. 279-292

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ISSN: 1432-0967

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract The late Archean, north-south trending Kolar Schist Belt in south India, 4 km wide by 80 km long, is thought to be a suture between two gneiss terranes (Krogstad et al. 1989). Within this volcanics-dominated belt are recognized both tholeiitic and high Mg (komatiitic and picritic) amphibolites, which make up some 70% and 5% respectively of the exposed outcrops. A massive tholeiitic amphibolite separates the belt into western and eastern parts. A Pb-Pb whole-rock age of 2732±155 Ma on samples from a single outcrop of massive tholeiite is a minimum age for this rock. Samples of this rock have ɛNd values at 2700 Ma that range between +3.8 and +6.8, μ1 (initial 238U/204Pb) of 7.5 and K 1 (initial 232Th/238U) of about 4. Two different types of high-Mg amphibolites are recognized from the western part of the belt: a picritic or P-type, and a komatiitic or K-type. The P-type have highly variable Ce/Al ratios all greater than chondritic, Nd/Yb ratios greater than chondritic, ɛNd at 2700 Ma of +1.5 to +8, and Pb isotope compositions variable in 207Pb/204Pb with μ1 of about 8.0 and k 1 of about 4. The trace-element data suggest that the light-REE enrichment is a character of the mantle source and is not due to residual garnet. The K-type amphibolites have near chondritic Ce/Al and Nd/Yb ratios, ɛNd at 2700 Ma of +1.5 to +8, and μ1 of about 8 and k 1 of about 4. Although the P-type is light-REE enriched compared to the K-type, both types have similar Ce/Nd ratios as well as initial Pb and Nd isotopes. If the 2696±136 Ma age for the Sm-Nd isochron which includes both types of high-Mg amphibolite has any significance it dates the time of light-REE enrichment of the mantle source for the P-type komatiitic amphibolites. The high-Mg amphibolites in the eastern part of the belt are light-REE enriched, have Pb isotopic compositions that are variable in 207Pb/204Pb with a μ1 about 8.5 and ɛNd at 2700 Ma of +1.8 to +4.5. Hydrothermal fluids associated with metamorphism and shearing prior to about 2400 Ma ago were responsible for the introduction of gold-quartz-carbonate veins into the Kolar Schist Belt. The Pb isotope composition of galena in these veins suggests that these fluids may have also introduced extraneous Pb from adjacent older granitoid gneisses into the amphibolites, which could be responsible for the variability in the 207Pb/204Pb ratios of the samples. This extraneous Pb probably is not responsible for the distinct Pb isotope character of each type of amphibolite.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325099

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