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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical staining of Histoplasma capsulatum at the electron microscopic level (1986)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 94 (1986), S. 157-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: H. capsulatum ; immunocytochemistry ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rabbits were immunized with histoplasmin emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant. Antibody raised in these rabbits was exposed to Histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells, either in tissue culture medium, or after in vitro or in vivo phagocytosis by mouse macrophages. The sites of antibody binding were identified using an immunoperoxidase technique. At least two sites of antibody binding were identified, one to the fungal cell wall and the other to the outer cell membrane. Within 6 h after phagocytosis by macrophages, fungal cell walls appeared roughened, with what appeared to be cell wall antigen released into the phagolysosome, appearing associated with the phagolysosome membrane, and possibly adjacent macrophage cytoplasm. Similar staining of fungal antigen was noted in alveolar macrophages which had ingested Histoplasma capsulatum after a respiratory challenge. This method may be useful in detailing the host/pathogen interactions which occur in human pulmonary histoplasmosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454594
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium binding sites in the vesicles of the carotid and aortic body chief cells (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Carotid body ; Aortic body ; Calcium ; X-ray microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chief cells of the carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors possess numerous cytoplasmic dense-core vesicles which are known to contain primarily dopamine. Following fixation in solutions containing 50 mM CaCl2, a 20–30 nm electron-dense particle (EDP) is often observed eccentrically located in many of the vesicles. Approximately 44 % of the carotid body and 16 % of the aortic body vesicles contain an EDP. The EDP probably represents the Ca+ + binding site critical to the stimulus-secretion coupling events culminating in exocytosis of these vesicles. The presence of Ca+ + in the cytoplasmic vesicles was verified by electron probe X-ray microanalysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237734
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenal medulla in neural grafting and neural plasticity (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Neural grafting ; Neural transplantation ; Parkinson's disease ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The recent history of neural transplantation using the adrenal medulla parallels an evolution in our thinking about neural grafting as a therapeutic approach to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Initially, neural grafting was an approach to study development and regeneration. With the discovery that adrenal chromaffin cell grafts would ameliorate some of the motor deficits associated with the loss of striatal dopamine, adrenal grafts were used to provide dopamine to the dopamine-depleted striatum. However, subsequent studies showed poor chromaffin cell survival unless trophic factors were present at the site of transplantation. These experiments lead to the appreciation of the complex interactions between neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the grafted tissue, and the host brain's response. Thus, we find ourselves again using neural transplantation as an approach to help us better understand central nervous system plasticity and the features this plasticity shares in common with development and regeneration. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the pineal gland of the eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 173 (1982), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The ultrastructure of the pineal gland of the wild-captured eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) was examined. A homogenous population of pinealocytes was the characteristic cellular element of the chipmunk pineal gland. Often, pinealocytes showed a folliclelike arrangement. Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, centrioles, dense-core vesicles, clear vesicles, glycogen particles, and microtubules were consistent components of the pinealocyte cytoplasm. The extraordinary ultrastructural feature of the chipmunk pinealocyte was the presence of extremely large numbers of “synaptic” ribbons. The number of “synaptic” ribbons in this species exceeded by a factor of five to 30 times that found in any species previously reported. In addition to pinealocytes, the pineal parenchyma contained glial cells (oligodendrocytes and fibrous astrocytes). Capillaries of the pineal gland of the chipmunk consisted of a fenestrated endothelium. Adrenergic nerve terminals were relatively sparse.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051730107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural stereological analysis of the aortic body chief cell of adult rabbits (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 511-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rabbit ; Aortic body ; Chemoreceptors ; Stereology ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The chief cells of the aortic body (subclavian body) of adult New Zealand white rabbits were examined by ultrastructural stereological analysis. The chief cell nuclei occupy 26.5% of the total volume. Dense-core vesicles account for 16.5% of the cytoplasmic volume, followed by mitochondria (11.6%), endoplasmic reticulum (3.3%), and Golgi apparatus (0.6%). The dense-core vesicles measure approximately 131.6nm in diameter (corrected) and exhibit a heterogeneous size distribution. Both perivascular adrenergic nerve terminals and presumptive afferent terminals presynaptic to the chief cells are observed. The mean synaptic vesicle size of the terminals adjacent to chief cells is 54 nm. The heterogeneous size distribution of the dense-core vesicles of chief cells may indicate the storage of different biogenic amines and/or different secretion or maturation states within the chief cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234743
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Day-night differences in the number of pineal “synaptic” ribbons in two diurnal rodents, the chipmunk (Tamias striatus) and the ground squirrel (Spermophilus richardsonii) (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 689-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: “Synaptic” ribbons ; Pineal gland ; Chipmunk ; Ground squirrel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Daytime numbers of pineal “synaptic” ribbons higher than reported in the pineal gland of any other mammalian species were observed in two diurnal rodents, the eastern chipmunk and Richardson's ground squirrel. The number of “synaptic” ribbons was lower during the daytime and higher at night in both of these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213764
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of pinealocytes of the kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordi) (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 167-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal gland ; Ultrastructure ; Kangaroo rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the pinealocytes of the wild-captured ord kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordi) was examined. A homogeneous population of pinealocytes was present in the pineal gland of the kangaroo rat. The Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes, dense-core vesicles, vacuoles containing a flocculent material and lipid droplets were consistent components of the pinealocyte cytoplasm, whereas infrequently-observed organelles included centrioles, multivesicular bodies, subsurface cisternae, “synaptic” ribbons and cilia. The number of dense-core vesicles was relatively high and dense-core vesicles and vacuoles containing a flocculent material were present in the same cell. Although it has been recently suggested that two different secretory processes, i.e., neurosecretory-like (Golgi apparatus — dense-core vesicles) and ependymal-like (granular endoplasmic reticulum — vacuoles containing a flocculent material) may be involved in different regulatory mechanisms in the pinealocytes, the definitive answer to this is still far from clear. Therefore, the pineal gland of the kangaroo rat appears to be a good model for the study of the potential relationship between these two secretory processes, especially in respect to seasonal changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217091
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of dense-core vesicles in pinealocytes of the cat (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 695-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal gland ; Ultrastructure ; Dense-core vesicles ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dense-core vesicles, 90–200 nm in diameter, were found in pinealocytes of the cat. They were present both in perikarya and cell processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213868
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pineal gland of the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 111-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pinealocytes ; Morphometric analysis ; Superior cervical ganglionectomy ; Fluorescence histochemistry ; Gerbil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphometric analytical procedures were employed to study the pineal gland of the Mongolian gerbil following superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGX). The purpose of this study was to define the effects of sympathetic denervation on the morphology of the gland at two time periods, 0500 and 1900 h (one hour before lights-on and lights-off, respectively). Fluorescence histochemistry was employed to determine catecholamine and indoleamine content in intact and denervated pineal glands. After SCGX, the pinealocytes decrease in size, concretions are prevented from forming, and the yellow fluorescence in the gland is lost. Following denervation a depression in the volume of most of the pinealocyte organelles, i.e., SER, RER/ribosomes, free cytoplasm, mitochondria and presumptive secretory vesicles, was also observed. However, synaptic ribbons increased in volume in the gerbils that had been killed at 1900 h. It appears that the sympathetic innervation to the pineal gland is a requirement for the presumptive secretory activity of the pinealocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235168
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inclusion bodies in pinealocytes of the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 232 (1983), S. 413-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pinealocytes ; Cotton rat ; X-ray microanalysis ; Protein digestion ; Inclusion bodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pinealocytes of the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) often contain large (2–6 μm diameter) intracytoplasmic inclusions, the function of which is not known. These inclusions may represent nucleolus-like bodies, mineral deposits, secretory products or viral inclusions. In this study these inclusions were classified as type A, B or C inclusions based on the amount of electron-dense material interspersed within the finely granular material comprising the bulk of these inclusions. Each type of inclusion was analyzed by X-ray microanalysis and enzymatic protein-aceous digestion. X-ray microanalysis of these inclusions differed both quantitatively and semiquantitatively from that of human or gerbil pineal concretions, the latter two of which are extracellular deposits. Pronase, a proteolytic enzyme, digested the electron-dense material only after longer times of tissue exposure to this enzyme in contrast to the easily digested, finely granular matrix-like material of these inclusions. Such intrapinealocytic inclusions have only been observed in the cotton rat. Their functional significance remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213796
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