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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The juxtaposed compound eye and organ of Bellonci in Haploops tubicola (Crustacea: Amphipoda) — The fine structure of the organ of Bellonci (1980)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 96 (1980), S. 255-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The amphipod species Haploops tubicola has an unusual compound eye that is divided into three separate parts, each with one common cuticular lens. The dorso-frontal eyepair has, in addition to the lens, a so-called vitreous body, which is constructed like a dioptric lens and is inserted in the ray-path. The ‘vitreous body’ is actually — and for which evidence is presented — a secretory product formed in the intercellular spaces of the organ of Bellonci. Histochemical analysis has shown that the secretion is strongly PAS-positive and lacks glycogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310290
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classification of amphipod compound eyes — The fine structure of the ommatidial units (Crustacea, Amphipoda) (1980)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 94 (1980), S. 279-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the compound eyes of 13 amphipod species has been investigated. An amphipod type of compound eye can be characterized by the constellation and consistency of a number of morphological features, most of which are also found in other compound eyes. The amphipod eye falls into four sub-categories (types). The ampeliscid type has a tripartite aberrant lens eye; the lysianassid type has a reduced or no dioptric apparatus and a hypertrophied rhabdom; the hyperid type possesses a large number of ommatidial units with long crystalline cones and dark instead of reflecting accessory pigment; and finally, the gammarid type can be interpreted as a generalized amphipod type. The lysianassid type is adapted to low light intensities and demonstrates convergent development with the compound eyes of other deep-sea crustaceans. The ampeliscid type is more similar to the gammarid type. The type characterization of the amphipod compound eye might well serve as a basis and incentive for functional studies also revealing adaptational mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998206
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physical and morphological properties of the pigment screen in the compound eye of a shrimp (Crustacea) (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 97 (1975), S. 257-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pigment cells of the compound eye of the shrimps (Crangon crangon andC. allmani) were studied by electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and microspectrophotometry. The compound eyes of these species contain light-absorbing and -reflecting pigments contained in granules, located in 5 different cells. The light absorbing pigment granules (light screen) are situated in (1) the distal pigment cells, (2) the retinular cells, (3) the basal pigment cells. The reflecting pigment granules are located in (4) the distal, and (5) the proximal reflecting pigment cells. Another innominate cell type investing the ommatidia contains vacuoles without pigment content. The innominate cell type, and the basal absorbing pigment cell (3) listed above, have not earlier been reported for a crustacean species. Measurements of the spectral absorption on sliced and squashed ommatidia show that all components of the light screen have an increased absorption in the wavelength regions 400–450 nm and 530–570 nm, probably due to xanthommatin and ommin. The spectral absorbancy of the reflecting pigment cells were not determined. Similar cells in other species are known to contain pteridines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617546
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The organization of the olfactory lobes in Euphausiacea and Mysidacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) (1992)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 112 (1992), S. 81-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The structural organization of the olfactory lobes in representatives of euphausiid and mysid crustaceans was investigated and compared, also with these structures described in other crustaceans and in insects. In the investigated euphasiid and mysid species, the olfactory-globular tract and the position of cell clusters associated with the olfactory lobes show a similar arrangement. This arrangement is in agreement with that described in decapod crustaceans. The olfactory lobe neuropil in representatives of both taxa shows glomerular arrangement. These glomeruli are partly enclosed in a glial wrapping, and they represent the only site where synaptic contacts are established within the olfactory lobes. This glomerular arrangement appears similar to that described in the antennal lobe of insects, but differs from the columnar arrangement described in decapod crustaceans. Furthermore, about 15–20 FMRFamide-like immunoreactive globuli cells were labeled and they occupy a similar position in the investigated species. Neurites from these cells terminate only in the olfactory lobe glomeruli, and they are therefore regarded as intrinsic interneurons. The absence of serotonin-like immunoreactivity in the olfactory lobes is a feature only ascribed to the euphausiids and mysids. A specific neuropil area is present in male mysids, and it occupy a position forward of the olfactory lobe. The male-specific neuropil in mysids and the macro-glomerular in insects complex are interpreted as analogous structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01673809
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromones and attractants in the Eucosmini and Grapholitini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Chemoecology 7 (1996), S. 13-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: sex pheromone ; synergist ; antagonist ; mate recognition ; reproductive isolation ; chemotaxonomoy ; phylogeny ; evolution ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The geometric isomers (E,E)-, (E,Z)-, (Z,E)-, and (Z,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate were identified as sex pheromone components or sex attractants in the tribes Eucosmini and Grapholitini of the tortricid subfamily Olethreutinae. Species belonging to the more ancestral Tortricinae were not attracted. Each one isomer was behaviourally active in males ofCydia andGrapholita (Grapholitini), either as main pheromone compound, attraction synergist or attraction inhibitor. Their reciprocal attractive/antagonistic activity in a number of species enables specific communication with these four compounds.Pammene, as well as otherGrapholita andCydia responded to the monoenic 8- or 10-dodecen-1-yl acetates. Of the tribes Olethreutini and Eucosmini,Hedya, Epiblema, Eucosma, andNotocelia trimaculana were also attracted to 8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetates, but several otherNotocelia to 10,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetates. The female sex pheromones ofC. fagiglandana, C. pyrivora, C. splendana, Epiblema foenella andNotocelia roborana were identified. (E,E)- and (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate are producedvia a commonE9 desaturation pathway inC. splendana. CallingC. nigricana andC. fagiglandana females are attracted to wingfanning males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240633
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic localization and experimental modification of NADPH-diaphorase activity in crustacean sensory axons (1996)
    Springer
    Invertebrate neuroscience 2 (1996), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-1104
    Keywords: NADPH-diaphorase ; electron microscopy ; olfactory lobe ; glomeruli ; olfaction ; crustacean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The origin and ultrastructural localization of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) in the olfactory afferent pathway of the crayfishPacifastacus leniusculus was investigated by means of histochemical techniques. Sensory axons in the antennular nerve and the olfactory lobe glomeruli of normal animals expressed NADPH-d staining properties. The NADPH-d staining of each glomerulus was regionalized showing pronounced staining in the apical cap-region. Following ablation of the chemosensory input for 30 days, the staining properties of the antennular nerve and the glomeruli were reduced. At the electron microscopic level, the NADPH-d precipitate was found to be distributed on various membranes in neuronal profiles and glial cells. Stained neuronal profiles were frequently observed in the glomeruli, whereas the number of positive glial cells was low. Almost all NADPH-d positive profiles in the neuropil had an intraglomerular localization. The present findings suggest that NADPH-d in the crayfish olfactory lobe neuropil is localized to terminals of olfactory sensory axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214172
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tachykinin-related neuropeptide in the crayfish olfactory midbrain (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 296 (1999), S. 405-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Olfactory system ; Invertebrate nervous system ; Neuropeptide ; Tachykinin ; Substance P ; Pacifastacus leniusculus (Crustacea)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunoreactivity indicative of tachykinin-related peptide (TRP) was detected in the olfactory midbrain of the crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus when using an antiserum to the insect neuropeptide locustatachykinin I (LomTK-I). A monoclonal antibody to the mammalian tachykinin substance P was shown in double-labeling experiments to label structures in the crayfish brain identical to those labeled with the LomTK antiserum. Within the midbrain LomTK-like immunoreactive (LomTK-LI) material was observed in a limited population of neuronal somata and their varicose processes. A single pair of large interneurons gave rise to numerous varicose LomTK-LI processes innervating a cluster of cell bodies (cluster 10) as well as the olfactory neuropils. The latter neuropil was also innervated by a population of LomTK-LI globuli cells with cell bodies in cluster 9. Radioimmunoassay (RIA), utilizing the LomTK antiserum, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to partially characterize the immunoreactive material in extract of the portion of the midbrain that houses the olfactory (OL) and accessory (AL) lobes and cell clusters 9 and 10 on the one hand, and in extract of the remaining parts of the brain on the other. Approximately the same amounts of LomTK-LI material were observed for the two extracts. RIA showed that the immunoreactive material of both extracts diluted roughly in parallel to synthetic LomTK-I and HPLC analysis of the extracts revealed immunoreactive material in both tissues which eluted with retention times in the range of synthetic LomTK-I and LomTK-II. These results suggest that TRPs similar to LomTKs are present in the olfactory midbrain of Pacifastacus. The distribution of immunolabeled neuronal structures suggests that in the crayfish, peptide(s) closely related to insect TRPs may act as a neuroactive substance released from nerve fibers in olfactory neuropil areas and at certain neuronal cell bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051300
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The aesthetasc concept: Structural variations of putative olfactory receptor cell complexes in crustacea (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 22 (1992), S. 325-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Sensilla ; Electron microscopy ; Sexual dimorphism ; Homology ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The structure of the aesthetascs has been investigated in the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (larvae and juveniles), the opossum shrimp Neomysis integer, the euphausid Meganyctiphanes, and in the water-fleas Daphnia magna and D. longispina. The aesthetascs, that are thought to represent olfactory receptors, exhibit a considerable structural variation, ranging from the well known aesthetascs of higher crustaceans (lobster, crab, crayfish) to the corresponding sensilla found in the water-fleas and the males of opossum shrimps. The two following morphological characteristics of the aesthetascs are thought to indicate an olfactory function: the shape of the cuticular hair that is long and essentially hose-shaped, and the thin, loosely arranged cuticle of at least the outer part of the cuticular hair. The presence of other structural elements such as sensory cells, cilia, and enveloping cells are vital for the olfactory function, but the development is variable, which makes their use in the morphological definition of aesthetascs problematic. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070220403
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Johnston's organ in Neodiprion sertifer (Insecta: Hymenoptera) (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 167 (1981), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The fine structure of Johnston's organ in the pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer, was studied by electron microscopy to determine if there exists a dimorphism in this organ corresponding to the sexual dimorphism in antennal shape and surface area.The organ is made up of scolopidia that are ultrastructurally similar to those of other insects. The scolopidia, identical in both sexes, comprise three sensory cells bearing two types of sensory processes: Two are shorter and smaller in diameter than the third, which extends into the cuticle of the membrane connecting pedicel and flagellum and terminates at an epicuticular invagination. The dendrites and sensory processes are surrounded by two types of enveloping (glial) cells-a scolopale cell and an attachment cell. Other enveloping cells occur at different levels of the scolopidium.Sexual dimorphism is evident only in the numbers of scolopidial groups: Males have more groups with fewer scolopidia, but both sexes possess about the same total number of scolopidia.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051670305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antennal receptors in the blowfly Calliphora erythrocephala. I. The gigantic central projection of the pedicellar campaniform sensillum (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 180 (1984), S. 159-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the pedicellar segment of the fly antenna there is a large campaniform sensillum. The central projection of the sensory cell (LCC) of this large campaniform sensillum is described from labeling with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and cobalt. The LCC projects bilaterally to several regions of the brain and subesophageal and thoracic ganglia. The LCC processes in these termination areas were analyzed in relation to other neural processes, including the remaining antennal sensory and motor projection. This analysis was aided by combining HRP labeling with Golgi silver impregnation. Based on earlier findings and the present data we suggest that the LCC, with its various outputs in, e.g., antennal and leg motor centers, serves as a multifunctional sensory path involved in control functions necessary in flight.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051800206
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