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  • 1
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    Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Ordered Linear Spaces : Advanced Study Institute Marburg 1973 (1974)
    Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783540067252
    URL: http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=book&isbn=978-3-540-06725-2
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Long-lived coherence in pentafluorobenzene as a probe of ππ* – πσ* vibronic coupling (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-06
    Description: The dynamics of pentafluorobenzene after femtosecond laser excitation to the optically bright ππ * first excited electronic state have been investigated by femtosecond time-resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry and femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging spectroscopy. The observed temporal profiles exhibit a bi-exponential decay behavior with a superimposed, long-lived, large-amplitude oscillation with a frequency of ν osc = 78–74 cm −1 and a damping time of τ D = 5–2 ps. On the basis of electronic structure and quantum dynamics calculations, the oscillations have been shown to arise due to vibronic coupling between the optically bright ππ * state and the energetically close-lying optically dark πσ * state. The coupling leads to a pronounced double-well character of the lowest excited adiabatic potential energy surface along several out-of-plane modes of b 1 symmetry. The optical electronic excitation initiates periodic wavepacket motion along these modes. In the out-of-plane distorted molecular configuration, the excited state acquires substantial πσ * character, thus modulating the ionization probability. The photoelectron spectra and the anisotropy of their angular distribution confirm the periodically changing electronic character. The ionizing probe laser pulse directly maps the coupled electron-nuclear motion into the observed signal oscillations.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    A conceptual study on the use of a regenerator in a hybrid energy storage unit (LIQHYSMES) (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: Wind and photovoltaic parks raise the issue of a discontinuous electrical generation. As an energy carrier with high volumetric energy density, liquid hydrogen is an inevitable choice for large-scale energy storage. But, since balancing loads or rapidly evolving fluctuations on the grid with just hydrogen is unrealistic due to its slow response, it is necessary to integrate it with an electrical energy storage device that enables rapid response. This approach combines the use of a liquefaction plant for hydrogen, and a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). Besides, in this case, conventional liquefaction methods are not a viable solution, meaning that a substantial simplification of the process is possible where a regenerator/recuperator is employed and only if temporary/intermediate storage is required. A study is conducted to develop a regenerator (among other parts) for a proof of concept small scale LIQHYSMES system. A 1D model of differential equations is implement...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 4
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    A study on intermediate buffer layer of coated Fiber Bragg Grating cryogenic temperature sensors (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: The sensor characteristics of a coated Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) thermal sensor for cryogenic temperatures depends mainly on the coating materials. The sensitivity of the coated FBG can be improved by enhancing the effective thermal strain transfer between the different layers and the bare FBG. The dual coated FBG's has a primary layer and the secondary layer. The primary coating acts as an intermediate buffer between the secondary coating and the bare FBG. The outer secondary coating is normally made of metals with high thermal expansion coefficient. In this work, a detailed study is carried out on chromium and titanium intermediate buffer layers with various coating thicknesses and combinations. To improve the sensitivity, the secondary coating layer was tested with Indium, Lead and Tin. The sensors were then calibrated in a cryogenic temperature calibration facility at Institute of Technical Physics (ITEP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The sensors were subjected to sever...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Evolution of specific interface area in dendritic alloy solidification (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-12
    Description: The specific area of the solid-liquid interface is an important integral measure for the morphological evolution during solidification. It represents not only the inverse of a characteristic length scale of the microstructure, but it is also a key ingredient in volume- averaged models of alloy solidification. Analytical descriptions exist for either pure coarsening or pure growth processes. However, all alloy solidification processes involve concurrent growth and coarsening. In the present study, the kinetics of the solid-liquid interface of a columnar dendrite are studied using a 3D phase-field model. The simulation results are combined with data from recent experiments to study the influence of the cooling rate on the evolution of the interfacial area.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 6
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    Influence of tailored MLI for complex surface geometries on heat transfer (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: Complex, non-developable surfaces require a tailored multi-layer insulation (MLI) for lowest heat load. The most experiments showing the heat transfer through MLI are performed under quasi-ideal conditions determining the principle insulation quality. But the surface to be insulated in real cryostats implies feed-throughs and other non-developable surface parts. The thermal performance of MLI is degraded significantly at cutting points. To investigate this degrading effect a LN 2 -filled cylinder with a diameter of 219 mm and a length of 1820 mm was insulated with MLI and the heat load was measured by means of calorimetry. In addition the heat load to an insulated cylinder with eighteen branches was measured. Both cylinders have the same surface of 1.37 m 2 for a comparison of the results. This article describes the experiments with different ways of tailoring the MLI for the cylinder with branches and discusses their results. It was shown that the cutting poin...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Dendrite fragmentation in alloy solidification due to sidearm pinch-off (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-08
    Description: Author(s): H. Neumann-Heyme, K. Eckert, and C. Beckermann Dendrite sidebranch detachment is an important fragmentation mechanism during the solidification of alloys. The detachment occurs at the junction between a sidearm and its parent stem. While this pinching process is driven by capillarity, the presence of solidification opposes the instability. Using… [Phys. Rev. E 92, 060401(R)] Published Mon Dec 07, 2015
    Keywords: Films, Interfaces, and Solids
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Growth of a free dendrite in pure substances under modulated flow conditions (2012)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-04
    Description: We study the free dendrite growth of a pure substance under the influence of a parallel flow, modulated in time using two different approaches, by means of two-dimensional phase-field simulations. In a previous work amplified side-branching was shown to occur for velocity pulses of appropriate duration (H. Neumann-Heyme et al., IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2012 [1]) which is extended for the case of modulated temperature. To efficiently detect the resonant pulse duration corresponding to the naturally preferred sidebranch frequency we make use of a technique in which the pulse duration is ramped during the growth of the dendrite. Geometrical features of the dendrites grown under the different modulation conditions are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 9
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    Vortex pinning by surface geometry in superfluid helium (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: Author(s): I. H. Neumann and R. J. Zieve We present measurements of how a single vortex line in superfluid helium interacts with a macroscopic bump on the chamber wall. Rather than observing a unique pin location, we find that a given applied velocity field can support pinning at multiple sites along the bump, both near its apex and near i... [Phys. Rev. B 89, 104521] Published Fri Mar 28, 2014
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Free dendrite growth under modulated flow in pure substances: two-dimensional phase-field simulations (2012)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-13
    Description: The free dendrite growth in a pure substance, supposed to a parallel forced convection which is modulated in time, is studied using two-dimensional phase-field simulations. We show that the response of the tip velocity to the velocity pulses exhibits a first-order time delay. Most notably, when the pulse duration is chosen appropriately a resonant side-branching can be achieved. This provides a way to manipulate the dendrite morphology and consequently its mechanical properties.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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