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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of tamarind waste to improve ethanol production from cane molasses (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: yeast; cane molasses; ethanol; tamarind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Tamarind wastes such as tamarind husk, pulp, seeds, fruit and the effluent generated during tartaric acid extraction were used as supplements to evaluate their effects on alcohol production from cane molasses using yeast cultures. Small amounts of these additives enhanced the rate of ethanol production in batch fermentations. Tamarind fruit increased ethanol production (9.7%, w/v) from 22.5% reducing sugars of molasses as compared to 6.5% (w/v) in control experiments lacking supplements after 72 h of fermentation. In general, the addition of tamarind supplements to the fermentation medium showed more than 40% improvement in ethanol production using higher cane molasses sugar concentrations. The direct fermentation of aqueous tamarind effluent also yielded 3.25% (w/v) ethanol, suggesting its possible use as a diluent in molasses fermentations. This is the first report, to our knowledge, in which tamarind-based waste products were used in ethanol production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900593
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A minimum discrimination information estimator of preliminary conjectured normal variance (1993)
    Springer
    Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 45 (1993), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9052
    Keywords: Minimum discrimination information ; Kullback-Leibler discrimination information measure ; preliminary conjecture ; preliminary test ; minimax criterion ; mean square error efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For the problem of estimating the normal variance σ2 based on random sampleX 1,...,X n when a preliminary conjectured interval [C 0 −1 σ 0 2 ,C 0σ 0 2 ] is available, the minimum discrimination information (MDI) approach is presented. This provides a simple way of specifying the prior information, and also allows to consider a shrinkage type estimator. MDI estimator and its mean square error are derived. The estimator compares favorably with the previously proposed estimators in terms of mean square error efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00773673
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of d-hydantoinase by halophilic Pseudomonas sp. NCIM 5109 (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 49 (1998), S. 594-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract About 1000 bacterial colonies isolated from sea water were screened for their ability to convert dl-5-phenylhydantoin to d(−)N-carbamoylphenylglycine as a criterion for the determination of hydantoinase activity. The strain M-1, out of 11 hydantoinase-producing strains, exhibited the maximum ability to convert dl-5-phenylhydantoin to d(−)N-carbamoylphenylglycine. The strain M-1 appeared to be a halophilic Pseudomonas sp. according to morphological and physiological characteristics. Optimization of the growth parameters revealed that nutrient broth with 2% NaCl was the preferred medium for both biomass and enzyme production. d-Hydantoinase of strain M-1 was not found to be inducible by the addition of uracil, dihydrouracil, β-alanine etc. The optimum temperature for enzyme production was about 25 °C and the organism showed a broad pH optimum (pH 6.5–9.0) for both biomass and hydantoinase production. The organism seems to have a strict requirement of NaCl for both growth and enzyme production. The optimum pH and temperature of enzyme activity were 9–9.5 and 30 °C respectively. The biotransformation under the alkaline conditions allowed the conversion of 80 g l−1 dl-5-phenylhydantoin to 82 g l−1 d(−)N-carbamoylphenylglycine within 24 h with a molar yield of 93%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051219
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of cellulase-free xylanase production by a novel yeast strain (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 13 (1994), S. 220-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: New isolate of yeast strain ; β-xylanase ; α-l-arabinofuranosidase ; Xylan fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A novel yeast strain, NCIM 3574, isolated from a decaying wood produced up to 570 IU ml−1 of xylanolytic enzymes when grown on medium containing 4% xylan. The yeast strain also produced xylanase activity (40–50 IU ml−1) in the presence of soluble carbon sources like xylose or arabinose. No xylanase activity was detected when the organism was grown on glucose. The crude xylanase preparation showed no activity towards cellulolytic substrates but low levels of β-xylosidase (0.1 IU ml−1) and α-l-arabinofuranosidase (0.05 IU ml−1) were detected. The temperature and pH optima for the crude xylanase preparation were 55°C and 4.5 respectively. The crude xylanase produced mainly xylose from xylan within 5 min. Prolonged hydrolysis of xylan produced xylobiose and arabinose, in addition to xylose, as the end products. The presence of arabinose as one of the end products in xylan hydrolysate could be due to the low levels of arabinofuranosidase enzyme present in the crude fermentation broth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569752
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrial yeast strain improvement: construction of a highly flocculent yeast with a killer character by protoplast fusion (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 94-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: protoplast fusion ; killer character ; flocculence ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; industrial yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Conditions were optimized for rapid release and improved regeneration of protoplasts ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM 3458. Rapid protoplast release was also obtained with representatives of several other yeast genera under the modified conditions of treatment. The application of the procedure in construction of a highly flocculentSaccharomyces cerevisiae with a killer character is described. Fusion was effected between UV-killed protoplasts ofS. cerevisiae NCIM 3578 with a killer character and live protoplasts of the highly flocculentS. cerevisiae NCIM 3528 in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Fusants were selected using benomyl resistance as marker, the killer toxin producer rather than the highly flocculent yeast being resistant to the fungicide at a concentration of 100 μg ml−1. Fusants were also characterized by their DNA contents, capacity for ethanolic fermentation of molasses sugar and levels of invertase, alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569806
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  • 6
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    Production of d -hydantoinase by halophilic Pseudomonas sp. NCIM 5109 (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-05-25
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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