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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Malus species and cultivars at the Fruit Genebank Dresden-Pillnitz and its use for apple resistance breeding (1999)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 46 (1999), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: apple breeding ; fire blight ; genetic resources Malus ; mildew ; resistance sources ; resistant cultivars ; scab
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Using the results of evaluation of Malus accessions during the last 20 years more than 15 new resistant apple cultivars were selected. The breeding aim was the combination of different kinds of resistance with good fruit quality. The best of these cultivars enclose resistance against Venturia inaequalis, Podosphaera leucotricha, Erwinia amylovora, Pseudomonas syringae, Panonychus ulmi and winterfrost. Different scab resistance sources (Vf, Vr, VA) found among the Malus species are combined in the most recent breeding lines. The new resistant Pillnitz apple cultivars ('Recultivars®') guarantee the possibility to reduce 80% and more of fungicide spraying in fruit growing and are very suitable for ecological and integrated fruit production. Four of these, 'Reanda', 'Rebella', 'Remo' and 'Rewena', are triple resistant to scab, mildew and fire blight and are good donors for breeding multiple resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008652931035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetische Arbeiten in der Reihe der aromatischen Erythrina-Alkaloide, XXIII. 1,7-Cyclo-cis-erythrinane (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1110-1125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of Aromatic Erythrina Alkaloids, XXIII. 1,7-Cyclo-cis-erythrinanesThe 1,7-cyclo-cis-erythrinane derivative 17 is formed by heating the bromo compound 13 with potassium hydroxide in diethylene glycol to 180°C. Hydrolysis of 17 yields the ketone 18 which, by reactions of the carbonyl group, is transformed into the cyclic compounds 19 - 21 and 27 - 33. The cyclopropane ring is easily cleaved by reduction to give the unsaturated lactam 10 or the saturated lactam 1. The 1,7-cyclo-cis-erythrinane structures 37 and 38 can be synthesized by way of the cyclic olefin 35.
    Notes: Durch Erhitzen der Bromverbindung 13 mit Kaliumhydroxid in Diethylenglycol auf 180°C entsteht das 1,7-Cyclo-cis-erythrinan-Derivat 17. Nach Hydrolyse zum Keton 18 erhält man durch Umwandlung der Ketogruppe die Cycloverbindungen 19 - 21 und 27 - 33. Reduzierende Bedingungen spalten den Cyclopropanring sehr leicht auf unter Bildung des Olefinlactams 10 oder des gesättigten Lactams 1. Über das Cycloolefin 35 gelingt die Darstellung von 37 und der zugehörigen Base 38 mit dem Grundgerüst der 1,7-Cyclo-cis-erythrinane.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19791120407
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine umkehrbare Gerüstumlagerung im trans- Erythrinan-Ringsystem, II. Neue trans- und 1(6→7)abeo-trans- Erythrinane (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 3110-3125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Reversible Rearrangement of the trans-Erythrinane Ring System, II. New trans-and 1(6→7)abeo-trans-ErythrinanesThe scope of the reversible rearrangement 1⇌2 is assessed. 1 and its monosubstituted derivatives 5-9 yield the trans-dihydroxy-1(6→7)abeo- trans-erythrinane lactams 10-23 (derivatives of “diol-A*”). Compounds such as 3/4 and 24/25 are, however, not formed under the same conditions. Under certain conditions, the reaction can be accomplished in two steps, in either direction. The rearrangement step consists of a spontaneous 1,2-shift of four reaction centres.
    Notes: Der Gültigkeitsbereich der umkehrbaren Gerüstumlagerung 1⇌2 wird abgegrenzt. Aus 1 und seinen monosubstituierten Derivate 5-9 erhält man die trans-Diol-1 (6 → 7)abeo- trans-erythrinanlactame (Diol-A*-Derivate)10 - 23, während Verbindungen vom Typus 3/4 und 24/25 unter den angewandten Bedingungen nicht darstellbar sind. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen können die Reaktionen in beiden Richtungen auch in zwei Schritten durchgeführt werden. Im Umlagerungsschritt wechseln jeweils vier Partner unter 1,2-Verschiebung spontan ihre Plätze.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19791120909
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine umkehrbare Gerüstumlagerung im trans-Erythrinan-Ringsystem, I. Erste Beobachtung und Versuch einer Deutung (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 2472-2480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Reversible Rearrangement of the trans-Erythrinane Ring System, I. First Observation and Attempt of an InterpretationThe „diolA“ (1) with trans-erythrinane structure has an unusual reactivity, compared with „diol B“ (3) which belongs to the cis- series. On acetylation, 1 yields the diacetate 17 due to a rearrangement. Hydrolysis of 17 regenerates the starting material 1. Structures 1a and 17a illustrate the stereochemistry of the reversible rearrangement. The ring-enlargement of 1 to 17 is seen in the 1 H-NMR spectra by a characteristic high-field shift of the signal of the aromatic proton at C-14.
    Notes: „Diol A“ 1 der trans-Erythrinan-Reihe zeigt im Gegensatz zu „Diol B“ 3 der cis-Reihe ein ungewöhnliches Verhalten. Durch Acetylierung entsteht unter Umlagerung des Ringsystems das Diacetat 17, dessen Verseifung wieder zum Ausgangsmaterial 1 zurückführt. Die Stereochemie der umkehrbaren Gerüstumlagerung zeigen die Formeln 1a und 17a. Die Ringerweiterung zu 17 erkennt man im 1 H-NMR-Spektrum an der charakteristischen Hochfeldverschiebung des Signals für das aromatische Proton an C-14.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19791120715
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