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  • 1
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    Metrological Analysis of Geopotential Gravity Field for Harbor Waterside Management and Water Quality Control (2013)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-01
    Description: Sea level oscillations are the superposition of many contributions. In particular, tide is a sea level up-down water motion basically depending on three different phenomena: the Earth-Moon-Sun gravitational relationship, the water surface fluid reaction to atmospheric meteorological dynamic, and the Newtonian vertical adjustment of the sea surface due to atmospheric pressure variations. The first tide component (astrotide) is periodic and well known in all points of the Earth surface; the second one is directly related to the meteorological phenomenon, and then it is foreseeable; the Newtonian component, on the contrary, is not readily predictable by a general hydrostatic law, because theJfactor that represents the Newtonian transfer (from the atmospheric weight to the consequent sea level) is variable in each harbor area. The analysis of the gravity field permits to forecast the sea level variation due to meteorological tide events, and its metrological analysis highlights a compensation in the inverse hydrobarometric factor to be taken into account to correctly compensate atmospheric pressure variations in semibinding basins. This phenomenon has several consequences in Harbor Waterside management and in water quality control as shown by the reported case studies and introduces a new reference parameter: the so-called Water 1000.
    Print ISSN: 1687-885X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-8868
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
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    Gaussian envelope for 3D geomagnetic data inversion (2003)
    Society of Exploration Geophysicists
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-8033
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-2156
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists
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  • 3
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    Undersea harbour defence: A new choice in magnetic networks (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0926-9851
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1859
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
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    Informative Signal Analysis: Metrology of the Underwater Geomagnetic Singularities in Low-Density Ionic Solution (Sea Water) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: The paper tackles the problem of reading singularities of the geomagnetic field in noisy underwater (UW) environments. In particular, we propose a novel metrological approach to measuring low-amplitude geomagnetic signals in hard noisy magnetic environments. This research action was launched to develop a detection system for enforcing the peripheral security of military bases (harbors/coasts and landbases) and for asymmetric warfare. The concept underlying this theory is the spatial stability in the temporal variations of the geomagnetic field in the observation area. The paper presents the development and deployment of a self-informed measurement system, in which the signal acquired from each sensor—observation node—is compared with the signal acquired by the adjacent ones. The effectiveness of this procedure relates to the inter-node (sensor-to-sensor) distance, L; this quantity should, on one hand, correlate the noise and, on the other hand, decorrelate the target signal. The paper presents the results obtained, that demonstrate the ability of self-informed systems to read weak magnetic signals even in the presence of very high noise in low-density ionic solutions (i.e. sea water).
    Description: Published
    Description: Article ID:81393
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    The Fourier Notation of the Geomagnetic Signals Informative Parameters (2019)
    Scientific Research Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-27
    Description: The paper discusses the quantitative definition of the s/n (signal to noise ratio) by means of new computational parameters derived (and computed) by the Fourier analysis. The theme is of great relevance when the geomagnetic observed field has high transient noise and high energy content (i.e. geomagnetic signal interfered by human activity magnetic band) and when the signal analysis action is oriented to the detection of magnetic sources characterized by quasi-punctiform size, low energy level and kinetic mechanical status (i.e. uw armed terrorist). The paper shows the results obtained introducing two new informative spectral parameters: the informative capability “C” and the enhanced informative capability “eC”. These parameters are depending on the comparison of the energy of the target signal with total field energy and they are characteristics of each elementary signal. C classifies the energy of the spectrum in two metrological bands: elementary signal informative energy EI (band or single signal) and passive energy EP. This metrological classification of the energy overtakes the concept of noise: each signal is part of the noise band when it is not under observation and becomes out of the band when it is under observation (numerical observation®computation). C (and eC) allows to compute the value of the “visibility” of the informative signals in a high energy geomagnetic field (or spectrum). C is a fundamental parameter for the evaluation of the effectiveness of singularity magnetic metrology in the passive detection of small magnetic sources in high noised magnetic field.
    Description: Published
    Description: 153-166
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Description: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Geomatic, Informative Signal Analysis, Fourier Analysis, Geomagnetism, Metrology of Singularity, Frequency Domain Observations, S/N Manipulation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Geomatics for underwater electromagnetic harbour protection systems and Newtonian systems for coastal navigation safety – Theory (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-11
    Description: -
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Keywords: Harbour protection ; Underwater detection systems ; Magnetic signal processing ; Port navigation safety ; Meteorological tides
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 7
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    Geomatics for underwater electromagnetic harbour protection systems and Newtonian systems for coastal navigation safety – Applications (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-11
    Description: -
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Keywords: Harbour protection ; Underwater detection systems ; Magnetic signal processing ; Port navigation safety ; Meteorological tides
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 8
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    A System to Improve Port Navigation Safety and Its Use in Italian Harbours (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-25
    Description: This article describes research aimed at developing a system able to support local authorities and port communities in optimizing port navigation, avoiding or managing critical situations induced by sea-level variations in harbours and minimizing environmental damages and economic losses. In the Mediterranean basin, sea-level changes are mostly due to astronomical tides, related to the gravitational attraction between Earth, Moon and Sun. Nevertheless, sea-level variations are also influenced by meteorological tides, which are geodetic adjustments of sea surface due to atmospheric pressure variations above a water basin. So, starting from monitoring or forecasting environmental parameters in harbours, the system updates port bathymetric maps based on sea-level variations (acquired in the past, measured in real-time, or expected in the future) and detects hazardous areas for a certain ship moving inside a port at a given moment, by means of the implementation of “virtual traffic lights”. The system was tested on some real situations, including the analysis of maritime accidents (stranding of ships), providing satisfactory results by correctly signalling potentially dangerous areas variable over time. The architecture of the system and results achieved using it in the ports of Livorno and Bari, in Italy, are herewith described.
    Description: Published
    Description: 10265
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    A Tool to Aid the Navigation in La Spezia Harbour (Italy) (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Description: The knowledge of sea level in harbours is very important to manage port activities (safety of navigation, prevention of ship stranding, optimization of vessel loading, water quality control). In this article we describe the use of a software tool developed to help local authorities and working organizations to optimize navigation and avoid or manage hazardous situations due to sea level changes in port basins. This prototype application, starting from reading data coming from a monitoring station in La Spezia harbour (in North Western Italy), updates dynamically the port bathymetry based on sea level oscillations (measured in the past or real-time, or expected in the near future). Then, it detects potentially dangerous areas for a given ship moving in the basin at a certain time, by means of the idea of “virtual traffic lights”: sea level variations are provided as parameters to the application that performs the updating of the bathymetric map and the subdivision of the harbour in allowed (green)/warning (yellow)/prohibited (red) areas for each ship, based on its draft. The tool can provide a useful support interface to competent authorities to avoid or manage critical situations by detecting hazardous areas for a given vessel at a given time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 89–101
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 10
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    The LAMA system: A “smart” magnetometer network for harbour protection (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-18
    Description: This work describes the development of an underwater anti-intrusion system based on a magnetometer self-informed network, whose purpose is to detect the presence of threats in the proximity of critical infrastructures (e.g, terrorist divers in harbours). In this context, the magnetic network fills the gaps of sonar systems at the critical boundaries of the water volume to be controlled (sea bed, docks, …), where acoustic performances deteriorate due to reflections and attenuations. The system operates in a port-protection scenario, characterized by a medium-high environmental magnetic noise that can hide the diver signal (a diver is a weak, quasi-point-like, moving source). The magnetometer network processes two inputs: the environmental magnetic noise and a signal including the target magnetic signal superimposed to the same noise; the frequencies of a diver signal lie within the noise band, hence frequency filtering proves inadequate for noise removal. The basic idea underlying the system is to measure and use the noise itself to filter the overall signal; measuring noise supports a background-subtraction process that allows to extract the target signal and therefore detect the threat presence. The effectiveness of the procedure depends on the positions of magnetometers: sensors must be close enough to one another to measure the common background noise, and, at the same time, should be distant enough from one another so that just one sensor can measure the target signal. To generate alarms when a threat is detected, a real-time software application processes data and activates a visual and acoustic alarm upon identification of a magnetic anomaly. Sea trials carried out in port areas provided extremely satisfactory results in the detection of intruders. The paper presents experimental results obtained during the method validation tests, when intruders were moving in the surrounding undersea environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: 104743
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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