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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3685-3687 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Grating coupled surface emitting lasers with rectangular as well as blazed grating outcouplers were investigated. Horizontal cavity InGaAs/AlGaAs laser oscillators, with two rectangular first order surface gratings as feedback elements, were integrated with single detuned rectangular or blazed second order gratings as surface output couplers, using electron beam lithography and chemically assisted ion beam etching. Superior differential quantum and surface emission efficiencies of 56% and 84%, respectively, were measured for lasers with optimized blazed output couplers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2990-2992 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Grating-coupled surface-emitting InGaAs/AlGaAs lasers with a single large area output coupler were fabricated by integrating a second order surface grating with corner reflectors. The grating as well as the corner reflectors were fabricated using electron beam lithography and chemically assisted ion beam etching, producing a uniform rectangular grating and high quality corner facets. A thin etch-stop layer incorporated in the epitaxial structure made it possible to combine precise control of the grating position with a strained layer SQW-GRINSCH structure. Well behaved lateral modes were observed in 70-μm-wide lasers, emitting narrow beams in both the lateral and the longitudinal direction. Threshold current densities as low as 99 A/cm2 were measured for 1200-μm-long lasers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Kriterium
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: "Riksäpplet deals with a shipwreck that has a neglected position in the grand narrative of the history of the Swedish navy. The story of its destiny and the missing accounts in scholarly and popular works in history says something about heritage processes within Swedish maritime archaeology. On 5 June 1676 Riksäpplet came loose and adrift from its moorings outside Dalarö Sea fortress. The hull struck a rock and sank. The loss was considered both ignominious and embarrassing and the ship’s fate has been overlooked in all major history books. The rock onto which Riksäpplet sank was named ‘Äpplet’ after the incident, and the wreck itself has become an integrated component of the underwater seascape. As a consequence the wreckage has never enjoyed a proper ‘discovery’ or undergone documentation under the sensational forms that many other famous shipwrecks have, even though they have sunk in more inconvenient places. In Eriksson’s study the official handling of Riksäpplet’s wrecked body is compared to the more wellknown ships Kronan and Svärdet, which both sank during battle only days before. Eriksson draws on different motifs and driving forces behind the study of naval wrecks from the period from his comparison, and the differences are discussed. Riksäpplet has never achieved a prominent position with the romanticising works of history that honour the national heroes and their deeds which are associated with this era of the Swedish Empire. The first half of the book thus sets out to unpack the ideas that have led to the relative disinterest in Riksäpplet in comparison to other shipwrecks. The second half of the book sets out to analyse Riksäpplet from a specific archaeological perspective, with focus on the ship as material culture. Eriksson’s departure is to explore the relatively low budget fieldwork that has been done at the wreck site. He the combines those facts with a survey of the artefacts recovered from the wreck, of which all are kept in museum archives and private collections. This, in addition to his studies of preserved written correspondence concerning the construction of the ship, has brought new insights into seventeenth-century shipbuilding and how the balance between the global political superpowers affected this trade. In this context Riksäpplet has great potential to show how military alliances are materialized through ships’ architecture.
    Description: Riksäpplet: Arkeologiska perspektiv på ett bortglömt regalskepp handlar om kulturarvsprocesser inom svensk marinarkeologi. Men boken handlar också om ett skeppsvrak som hamnat en hårsmån utanför den stora vedertagna sjökrigshistoriska berättelsen: regalskeppet Riksäpplet. Den 5 juni 1676 slet sig Riksäpplet från förtöjningarna vid Dalarö skans. Skrovet högg i en klippa och sjönk. Förlisningen kom att betraktas som både snöplig och pinsam och har i efterhand kommit att förtigas i historieböckerna. Klippan bär idag namnet Äpplet och vraket har kommit att bli en integrerad och självklar del av landskapet. Som en konsekvens av detta har vraket inte kunnat påträffas och dokumenteras under de sensationella former som gällt för andra välkända skeppsvrak trots att de förlist på mer otillgängliga platser. I boken jämförs hanteringen av Riksäpplets vrak med de mer välkända regalskeppen Kronan och Svärdet, vilka gick under i strid fem dagar före Riksäpplets förlisning. Utifrån jämförelsen diskuterar Eriksson motiv och drivkrafter som legat till grund för studiet av vrak efter svenska örlogsfartyg från stormaktstiden. Riksäpplet har inte kunnat erövra någon framträdande roll i den romantiserande historieskrivning som lyfter fram nationens hjältar och deras stordåd. Boken första hälft syftar till att synliggöra de mekanismer och drivkrafter som ligger bakom att Riksäpplet prioriterats bort till förmån för undersökningar av andra vrak. Bokens andra hälft ägnas åt att fokusera på ett nytt, mer renodlat arkeologiskt perspektiv på skeppet som materiell kultur. Erikssons utgångspunkt är ett till resurserna tämligen begränsat arkeologiskt fältarbete på vrakplatsen som ändå har genererat stora resultat. Han kombinerar detta med en genomgång av de föremål som genom åren har bärgats från vraket och som finns arkiverade i olika museimagasin och hos privata samlare. Tillsammans med bevarad skriftlig korrespondens kring skeppets byggande väcks nya insikter om 1600-talets skeppsbyggeri och hur detta kunde påverkas av den globala politiska maktbalansen över världshaven. Satt i en sådan kontext har Riksäpplet stor potential att visa hur stormaktens militärallianser materialiserades genom skeppens arkitektur. "
    Keywords: early modern period ; swedish empire ; shipbuilding ; salvage ; shipwreck ; baltic sea ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKR Underwater archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKX Archaeological science, methodology and techniques ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWM Weapons and equipment::JWMV Military vehicles ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCK Naval forces and warfare
    Language: Swedish
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-12-18
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1993-11-29
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-10-29
    Description: This study investigated if repeated buffered acidic saline infusions into the masseter muscles induced muscle pain and mechanical sensitization. Fourteen healthy men participated in this double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study. Two repeated infusions (day 1 and 3) were given in the masseter muscles with either a buffered acidic saline solution (pH 5.2) or an isotonic saline solution (pH 6) as control. After 10 days of wash-out, the experiment was repeated with the other substance. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT), pain intensity, maximum unassisted mouth opening (MUO), and pain drawings were assessed before, directly following, and after each infusion at 5, 15, and 30 min and on day 4 and 7. Fatigue and pain intensity were assessed after a one-minute chewing test 30 min after infusions and day 4 and 7. Acidic saline induced higher pain intensity than control day 3 up to 5 min after infusions, but did not affect PPT. The chewing test did not evoke higher fatigue during chewing or MUO or after acidic saline infusion compared to control. Repeated acidic saline infusions in the masseter muscles induced a short-lasting muscle pain without mechanical hyperalgesia or functional pain. Hence, this model might not be superior to already existing experimental muscle pain models.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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