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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 1242-1246 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The use of ac stabilization in ferroelectric liquid-crystal (FLC) devices is commonplace: It enhances the bistability and increases the extinction angles seen in a cell. The mechanism involved in this process is investigated here. Examining the optic tensor profile across an ac-stabilized FLC layer has revealed that it is very similar to that present under a forward bias dc field. Comparing the dc/dipole and ac/dielectric interaction energies shows conclusively the presence of biaxiality in the dielectric tensor. This biaxiality is measured through the comparison of the ac and dc electric energy densities in a cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 3495-3500 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The finite-difference time-domain method has been used in the numerical analysis of the optical diffraction properties of a liquid crystal phase grating. The grating is formed using a nematic material that is switched using striped electrodes with a unity mark-space ratio. Three different surface pretilts have been investigated: 0°, 30° parallel, and 30° antiparallel. The tilt geometry determines the degree of suppression of the zero order and the asymmetry of the diffraction. Highly efficient beam-steering devices are shown to be possible using the antiparallel tilt alignment. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 8433-8439 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The unstable states of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal cell have been investigated, mapping out the unstable branch of the hysteresis loop. It was found that the unstable branch extended over a much greater voltage range than the quasistatic hysteresis loop of the cell. The narrow hysteresis loop is attributed to the influence of defects within the cell, which can seed switching in the presence of a small energy barrier between initial and final states. The measurements indicate that the ferroelectric state may be fundamentally stable at 0 V. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 4331-4338 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model of switching in ferroelectric liquid crystals is developed which represents the devices using three variables. This is a useful approach because the switching process in ferroelectric liquid crystal devices takes place through the formation and evolution of domains. The three variables used then represent the background director orientation, the director orientation within evolving domains, and the net domain area which has evolved. Setting up a system in this way allows modeling of a wide range of switching conditions in devices. The modeling is compared successfully with experimental results. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 1381-1383 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optic tensor configuration of a thin ferroelectric liquid crystal layer exhibiting the electroclinic effect is examined by the excitation of optic modes in the layer. It is seen that the restructuring involves no tilt of the optic axis out of the plane of the cell surfaces. This is interpreted in terms of a quasi-bookshelf structure in the smectic layering of the cell.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1621-1623 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The director configuration in a thin layer of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) under an applied static field is investigated by exciting optic modes in a FLC cell. The reflectivity data obtained may only be fitted to theory by maintaining in the voltage-distorted optical tensor profile a point in the middle of the cell having the same structure as at 0 V. This unambiguously confirms the chevron structure observed in x-ray diffraction and shows that the layering remains largely undistorted to fields of order 3×106 V m−1.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 185-187 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We determine the structures present in smectic C-filled liquid crystal cells under the assumption of strong surface anchoring conditions. This is more realistic than commonly used assumptions and allows the prediction of the near surface alignment structure in such cells. The director orientation structure as a function of surface pretilt is discussed and the energies of the states that exist presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2097-2099 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model of switching in antiferroelectric liquid crystals is presented which predicts both helix unwinding in the pretransitional regime and a field induced transition to the ferroelectric state. When the ratio of the coefficients of the quadrupolar and dipolar ordering terms in the bulk free energy expression exceeds a critical value, the latter transition becomes first order, in agreement with experimental observation. We have determined these coefficients in the commercial mixture CS4001. The ratios of the coefficients imply that all three states (antiferroelectric and two ferroelectric) are stable in the ground state, i.e., antiferroelectric liquid crystals are truly tristable. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 28 (2000), S. 64-73 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A new liquid crystal technique for full surface skin friction measurements is introduced. With the new technique, the transmission of light through nematic liquid crystal viewed in reflection provides a quantitative measurement of the skin friction. The measurement technique is discussed with the aid of a model which describes the rotation dynamics of the liquid crystal molecules. Calibration experiments performed in a laminar flow duct demonstrate that the model captures the essential physics of the new technique. The measurement of skin friction downstream of a three dimensional roughness element in an incompressible laminar boundary layer is then presented as a demonstration of the utility of the technique.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1991-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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