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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic Study of the "Living" Cationic Polymerization of Cyclohexyl Vinyl Ether Initiated by Hydrogen Iodide in the Presence of Ammonium Salts (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 1401-1406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00084a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlled Synthesis of Bicyclic "Eight-Shaped" Poly(chloroethyl vinyl ether)s (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 2629-2636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00112a006
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macromolecular cavities of controlled size. 1. Synthesis of macrotricyclic poly(chloroethyl vinyl ethers) by living cationic polymerization (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 25 (1992), S. 6744-6751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a003
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinylether)s with pendant mesogenic groups (1991)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 25 (1991), S. 307-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two different methods of synthesis were examined for the preparation of poly(alkylvinylether)s with pendant 4′-cyano-4-oxy-biphenyl mesogenic groups attached to side chains of different length: a) anchoring of the mesogenic group onto an alkylvinylether monomer followed by polymerization or b) synthesis of the corresponding poly(chloroalkylvinylether)s and chemical substitution of the pendant chlorine by the mesogenic groups. Polymerization were performed with initiating systems based on activated iodide. Much better control of MW and MWD of the final polyvinylether chains was obtained when process b) was applied. Polymers with 2 and 4 carbons in the spacer do not show liquid crystalline properties. It is only with polymers having six carbon atoms in the spacer that mesophases were observed. Those issued from process b) give two distinct mesophases: a smectic A phase in the high temperature range and a smectic C phase for the low one. Polymers synthetized from process a) present only the smectic A phase. The effects of molecular weights and molecular weight distributions on the liquid crystalline properties have been examined and are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316899
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the polymerization of chloro ethyl vinyl ether initiated by the system hydrogen iodide/iodine (1987)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 18 (1987), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A kinetic study of the cationic polymerization of chloroethyl vinyl ether initiated by the system hydrogen iodide — iodine has been performed in order to understand some particular characteristics of the system. As previously reported by Higashimura the polymerization shows a living character at low temperature in toluene. A polymerization process with a first order in iodine and 0.3 order with respect to monomer, has been observed. These results are consistent with the existence of reversible elementary processes involving iodine and monomer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256227
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionalizable polyurethane networks based on hydroxymodified poly(chloroalkyl vinyl ether)s. 1 (1994)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 33 (1994), S. 59-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the synthesis of polyurethane networks based on partly hydroxymodified poly(chloroethyl vinyl ether)s and examines the possibility to introduce various amounts of hydroxy groups in the network. Poly(chloroethyl vinyl ether)s are prepared by living-type cationic polymerization initiated by the HI/ZnCl2 system. Introduction of hydroxyl groups along the chain, in controlled amount, is then achieved in a two-step process involving the reaction of a fraction of the pendant chloride groups with a carboxylic salt, followed by alkaline hydrolysis. Finally the corresponding polyurethane networks- with or without remaining hydroxy functions- are obtained by reaction with hexamethylene diisocyanate in different proportions. Preliminary study of the mechanical properties of the networks are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313474
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes of the polymerization mechanism depending on the monomer and solvent for a homogeneous Ziegler-type initiating system (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 1613-1623 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The homogeneous system resulting from the reaction between tetrabenzylzirconium and triethylaluminium is an active catalyst for the polymerization of styrene, and p-methyl-, α-methyl and p-chlorostyrenes. The molecular weights and the structures of the resulting polymers are highly dependent on the nature of the monomer and on the reaction medium. In toluene, styrene and p-methylstyrene give essentially linear unsaturated dimers, whereas p-chlorostyrene leads to a polymer with a high molecular weight. In methylene dichloride higher oligomers and a polymer are obtained simultaneously from all the monomers. The comparative behaviour of the styrene derivatives was examined in copolymerization experiments under various experimental conditions. The ratios of monomer incorporation were compared with those reported in the literature for related systems. The results show that, according to the monomer and the reacting medium, the same catalytic system is able to induce polymerizations of the “coordinated anionic”, radical and cationic type.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860809
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental evidence for the regiospecific primary mode of styrene insertion into metal-carbon bonds of an isospecific Ziegler-Natta catalyst (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 21-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Styrene/1-hexene copolymers of different chemical composition were prepared with a classical isospecific Ziegler-Natta catalyst, TiCl3(H)-AlEt3. Their structure and the distribution of the monomeric unites was analyzed by GPC double detection and 1H and 13C NMR. The chemical arrangement of isolated and blocked styrene monomeric units between sequences of hexene monomeric units was also investigated. 13C chemical shifts of carbon atoms in the copolymers and in addition in model molecules of the two modes of styrene addition indicate that styrene insertion into carbon-metal bonds of the catalyst proceeds according to a primary mode. Mechanistic implications of these results are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880103
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of ethyl benzoate on copolymerization of styrene and 1-hexene with the titanium-based systems (α)-TiCl3(H) and TiCl3 · 1/3 AlCl3 (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 2047-2057 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The influence of ethyl benzoate (E.B.) on the copolymerization of styrene with 1-hexene, initiated by isospecific Ziegler-Natta catalysts α-TiCl3(H)-AlEt3 and TiCl3 · 1/3 AlCl3-AlEt3 (mole ratio Al/Ti = 3), was examined. Ethyl benzoate was found to reduce the activity of the catalysts. In addition it leads, depending on the Ti catalyst, to opposite effects on the apparent reactivity order of the two monomers. Incorporation of styrene into the copolymers is reduced when E. B. is added to TiCl3 · 1/3 AlCl3-AlEt3. On the contrary, a much higher incorporation of styrene is observed with α-TiCl3(H)-AlEt3 in the presence of E. B. For this system the calculated reactivity ratio varies strongly with increasing proportion of E. B.: for a mole ratio AlEt3/E. B. = 3, rS = 0,94 and rH = 1,46 and for AlEt3/E. B. = 2, rS = 8 and rH = 0,1. Changes in the stereoregularity of copolymers suggest that E. B. leads to an inhibition of the less stereospecific sites for TiCl3 · 1/3 AlCl3-AlEt3, whereas its addition suppresses the stereospecificity of the α-TiCl3(H)-AlEt3 catalyst. Contributions of conventional cationic and/or radical processes to the copolymerization reaction were examined and may be ruled out.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910907
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sucrose-based polymers, 1. Linear polymers with sucrose side-chains (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 2997-3007 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymers and copolymers based on the monomethacryloyl ester and the vinylbenzyl ether of sucrose, bearing either blocked or free hydroxyl groups, were synthesized in the presence of free-radical catalysts, and their structures and dimensions were characterized. A range of copolymers of styrene and O-methacryloylsucrose was prepared. Reactivity ratios of the comonomers were calculated by the extended Kelen-Tüdős method. The influence of the hydroxyl groups of the sucrose moiety on the thermomechanical properties was assessed by comparing the glass transition temperatures of both blocked and unblocked copolymers. Their solubility characteristics were also determined, and it was shown that the hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties can be controlled by the amount of sucrose methacrylate in the copolymer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021931206
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