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  • 1
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    IRAS 14348-1447, an Ultraluminous Pair of Colliding, Gas-Rich Galaxies: The Birth of a Quasar? (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-05
    Description: Ground-based observations of the object IRAS 14348-1447, which was discovered with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, show that it is an extremely luminous colliding galaxy system that emits more than 95 percent of its energy at far-infrared wavelengths. IRAS 14348-1447, which is receeding from the sun at 8 percent of the speed of light, has a bolometric luminosity more than 100 times larger than that of our galaxy, and is therefore as luminous as optical quasars. New optical, infrared, and spectroscopic measurements suggest that the dominant luminosity source is a dustenshrouded quasar. The fuel for the intense activity is an enormous supply of molecular gas. Carbon monoxide emission has been detected at a wavelength of 2.6 millimeters by means of a new, more sensitive receiver recently installed on the 12-meter telescope of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. IRAS 14348-1447 is the most distant and luminous source of carbon monoxide line emission yet detected. The derived mass of interstellar molecular hydrogen is 6 x 10(10) solar masses. This value is approximately 20 times that of the molecular gas content of the Milky Way and is similar to the largest masses of atomic hydrogen found in galaxies. A large mass of molecular gas may be a prerequisite for the formation of quasars during strong galactic collisions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanders, D B -- Scoville, N Z -- Soifer, B T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):625-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17759060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Major galaxy mergers and the growth of supermassive black holes in quasars (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-27
    Description: Despite observed strong correlations between central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and star formation in galactic nuclei, uncertainties exist in our understanding of their coupling. We present observations of the ratio of heavily obscured to unobscured quasars as a function of cosmic epoch up to z congruent with 3 and show that a simple physical model describing mergers of massive, gas-rich galaxies matches these observations. In the context of this model, every obscured and unobscured quasar represents two distinct phases that result from a massive galaxy merger event. Much of the mass growth of the SMBH occurs during the heavily obscured phase. These observations provide additional evidence for a causal link between gas-rich galaxy mergers, accretion onto the nuclear SMBH, and coeval star formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Treister, Ezequiel -- Natarajan, Priyamvada -- Sanders, David B -- Urry, C Megan -- Schawinski, Kevin -- Kartaltepe, Jeyhan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 30;328(5978):600-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1184246. Epub 2010 Mar 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. treister@ifa.hawaii.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20339033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 34 (1996), S. 749-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4146
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract At luminosities above 1011 , infrared galaxies become the dominant population of extragalactic objects in the local Universe (z〈 0.3), being more numerous than optically selected starburst and Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable bolometric luminosity. The trigger for the intense infrared emission appears to be the strong interaction/merger of molecular gas-rich spirals, and the bulk of the infrared luminosity for all but the most luminous objects is due to dust heating from an intense starburst within giant molecular clouds. At the highest luminosities (Lir〉 1012 ), nearly all objects appear to be advanced mergers powered by a mixture of circumnuclear starburst and active galactic nucleus energy sources, both of which are fueled by an enormous concentration of molecular gas that has been funneled into the merger nucleus. These ultraluminous infrared galaxies may represent an important stage in the formation of quasi-stellar objects and powerful radio galaxies. They may also represent a primary stage in the formation of elliptical galaxy cores, the formation of globular clusters, and the metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.34.1.749
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN IMMUNOLOGICALLY INDUCED DEFECT OF NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION IN RATS AND RABBITS (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 274 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47695.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submillimetre-wavelength detection of dusty star-forming galaxies at high redshift (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 394 (1998), S. 248-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Optical surveys of the global star-formation rate in high-redshift galaxies show a strong peak in activity at a redshift of 〉z ≈ 1.5, which implies that most of the star formation has already been seen. High-redshift galaxies may, however, emit most of their energy at ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/28338
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An unusually brilliant transient in the galaxy M85 (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 447 (2007), S. 458-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Historically, variable and transient sources have both surprised astronomers and provided new views of the heavens. Here we report the discovery of an optical transient in the outskirts of the lenticular galaxy Messier 85 in the Virgo cluster. With a peak absolute R magnitude of -12, this ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05822
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Median averaging of electromyographic motor unit action potentials: comparison with other techniques (1989)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 27 (1989), S. 566-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Averaging ; Computer-aided EMG ; Motor unit action potentials ; Template matching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A technique of extracting individual motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) from EMG signals by median averaging, a modification of an existing method, is presented. To compare different techniques of MUAP extraction, 89 MUAPs were recorded with a concentric needle electrode in the brachial biceps muscle of normal subjects and patients with nerve and muscle diseases. MUAPs were also extracted by another method, called split-sweep median averaging, in which alternate MUAP discharges are averaged independently in two computer buffers until the two averaged signals appear equal on visual inspection by the operator. The amplitude, area, area: amplitude ratio, duration and number of phases and turns of each extracted MUAP were determined by each technique. Overall, there was a strong correlation between all features of the MUAPs extracted by median and splitsweep averaging, although the latter method required, on average, twice as many MUAP discharges to produce acceptable signals. We thus conclude that median averaging is a fast and accurate method that requires relatively few MU discharges to extract MUAP signals from spurious background signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441637
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Personal-computer-based single-fibre EMG jitter analysis system (1990)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 28 (1990), S. 607-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Computerised EMG ; Jitter anlaysis ; Single-fibre EMG ; Time-window device
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442618
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selectivity of electromyographic recording techniques: simulation study (1985)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 23 (1985), S. 536-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Action potentials ; Electromyography ; Motor unit action potentials ; Simulations ; Uptake area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A modified line source model was used to simulate single muscle fibre action potentials and their radial decline as measured using a single fibre (SF), concentric needle (CN) and macroelectromyography (EMG) electrode. The 90 per cent attenuation distance, defined as the distance from the fibre at which the peak-to-peak amplitude of the action potential declines to 10 per cent of its value measured near the fibre, was determined. For the CN and macro electrode this distance was 1·4 and 4·1 times, respectively, the distance measured for the SF electrode Based on the decline characteristics obtained from our simulations and experimental data reported in the literature, we inferred that in a normal human biceps muscle the spike component of CN MUAPs is produced mainly by the action potentials of the closest one-six muscle fibres. This inference was used to interpret the changes in MUAP amplitude seen by clinical EMG in neuromuscular diseases. The decline of action potential amplitude with distance from the electrode was least when recordings were made by the macro-EMG electrode. The three electrodes differed in their uptake area and thus recordings made with them provided complementary information about the motor unit architecture and the way it changes in neuromuscular diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02455307
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  • 10
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    Lambert-Eaton sera reduce low-voltage and high-voltage activated Ca2+ currents in murine dorsal root ganglion neurons. (1996)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-20
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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