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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress-corrosion cracking in silicon (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 1962-1964 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stress-corrosion cracking—the phenomonon in which the initiation and propagation of cracks is enhanced by a chemically active environment—has previously not been observed in silicon. For example, extensive experiments have shown no effect of water on the fracture properties. However, using indentation cracks in the presence of a HF etch, we have been able to show stress-corrosion cracking in silicon for the first time. This is attributed to the initial removal of the native silica layer, and the subsequent lowering of the fracture resistance by passivation of the crack surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mechanisms of the formation and growth of water bubbles and associated dislocation loops in synthetic quartz (1983)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 9 (1983), S. 79-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The development of water bubbles in synthetic quartz has been monitored by measurements of (i) the intensity of the light scattered and (ii) the increase in volume of the crystal, both as a function of temperature and time. These macroscopic measurements have been complemented by observations of the resulting microstructures, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A mechanism is proposed on the assumption that hydrogen is incorporated in the quartz structure by means of (4 H)Si defects. On heating, these defects diffuse and clusters develop. A cluster of n(4 H)Si produces a water bubble of (n−1)H2O, without any change of volume of the crystal. At any temperature T there is a critical bubble diameter above which the “steam” pressure P exceeds the pressure p for a spherical bubble in mechanical equilibrium. If P becomes greater than p, then the bubble increases in volume until P=p, the increase in volume being achieved by the pipe diffusion of Si and O away from the bubble site into a linked edge dislocation loop. This process produces the observed increase in volume of the crystal. The two diffusion processes take place virtually simultaneously and continue until all the (4 H)Si defects have been trapped in the bubbles. Values of the diffusion constant and the activation energy for the diffusion of the (4 H)Si defects are deduced. The relevance of these observations to the hydrolytic weakening of quartz is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00308151
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic fatigue of brittle materials containing indentation line flaws (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 18 (1983), S. 1306-1314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A study is made of the dynamic fatigue response of brittle materials containing indentation-induced line flaws. The theoretical fracture mechanics of “median” crack evolution to failure under applied tension are first developed, with special emphasis on the role of residual contact stresses. In particular, it is shown that use of fatigue curves to evaluate the exponent in an assumed power-law crack velocity function may result in systematic error, by as much as a factor of two, if proper account is not taken of this residual contact contribution. Data from strength tests on soda-lime glass bars in water, using a tungsten carbide cutting wheel to introduce the median pre-cracks, confirm the basic predictions. The results suggest that extreme care needs to be exercised when using surfaces with a contact history, e.g. as with machining damage, in fatigue test programmes for materials analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01111947
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain-size effects in the indentation fracture of MgO (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 4751-4761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The variation of radial crack length with indentation load in a series of polycrystalline MgO materials is examined as a function of grain size. Comparison with the single-crystal response indicates that the fracture resistance of the polycrystals is significantly enhanced. Fracture surface observations suggest that the source of the enhancement is frictional interlocking of jogs in the crack plane caused by the tendency of the local crack path to maintain preferred crystalline cleavage planes. A model is developed for the fracture resistance increase and used to describe the radial crack lengths. The parameters thus derived suggest that a minimum grain size exists, below which this mechanism of fracture resistance is not operative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01166017
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of high-extraction panels in evaporite mines (1983)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 1 (1983), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: Evaporite mining ; pillar mining ; rock yield ; subsidence ; rocksalt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00881264
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trapped cracks at indentations (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 2192-2204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A fracture-mechanics model for indentation cracking in phase-transforming materials is developed, based on the competing interaction of the tensile residual-mismatch field and the compressive contact-induced transformation field. In addition to the usual subthreshold and well-developed cracking ranges, the model predicts the trapping of cracks at indentations, within the transformation zone. As an example, the model is used to describe the dependence of radial crack length on indentation load in a range of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP), explicitly addressing the trapping behaviour observed in Part I. The crucial parameters of the model obtained from the experimental fits, the size of the transformation zone relative to the contact impression,b/a, and the magnitude of the transformation stress relative to the hardness, σT/H, agree with independent measurements. Although applied to phase-transforming materials here, the principles of the model are generally applicable to systems with short-range, compensating stress fields competing with longer-ranged, dominant fields, leading to two discrete crack populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154700
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trapped cracks at indentations (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 2133-2142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Indentation radial cracking has been examined in a series of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) with a range of grain sizes. For all materials, two distinct types of cracks were found to exist. Above a threshold indentation load, short cracks of variable length were observed, “trapped” in a compressive, contact-induced transformation zone. Above a second threshold, longer, “well-developed” cracks of more consistent length formed, extending beyond the zone boundary. The stochastic nature of the formation of both types of cracks, and the existence of the transformation zone in general, generate many artefacts in toughness estimates made using unmodified indentation fracture mechanics analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154691
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Universal fatigue curves for ceramics using indentation flaws (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1983), S. 683-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00720401
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  • 9
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    Development of a precision nanoindentation platform (2013)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Indentation device forin situRaman spectroscopic and optical studies (2012)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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