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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 37 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: In regions where ground water flow is restricted to sparse, narrow fractures, productive and nonproductive drilling sites frequently are separated by only a few tens of meters. Drilling success rates are low in these areas because favorable drilling sites occur infrequently and are difficult to identify. The drilling success rate can be increased when imagery and surface geophysics are incorporated into the site selection method. We present a method to evaluate the economic benefit of various site selection methods and show that the use of surface geophysics and aerial photography can reduce drilling costs by approximately a factor of two in an area with a low drilling success rate that is characterized by narrow fracture zones covered with several meters of weathered clays and thick vegetation. The benefits are smaller and less certain when social considerations are a strong factor in site selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 35 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Lineaments derived from remote sensing data are analyzed with respect to ground-water exploration in the Voltaian Basin of central Ghana. The lineament data were collected using both Landsat TM and SPOT imagery, multiple interpreters, and multiple trials. Three types of reproducibility tests are analyzed: (1) azimuth-length comparisons, disregarding location; (2) lineament coincidence using a raster-based comparison method; and (3) feature agreement using a rule-based approach. The reproducibility tests show that there are clear differences in length and location of individual line segments between interpreters, but that a large proportion of the inferred structural features are detected by all interpreters. Fifty percent of the features on both imagery types are detected by any two interpreters and 40 percent by all interpreters. Lineaments classed as more hydrologically significant show a reproducibility of up to 90 percent between interpreters and justify the use of classifiers in lineament mapping. The application of the feature agreement approach, including classification by hydrological significance, shows the greatest promise for targeting successful well sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: RÉSUMÉ: Un projet d'hydraulique villageoise dans le bassin sédimentaire de la Volta au Ghana central a été le but d'une étude pour développer des stratégies de meilleur positionnement de puits, en s'appuyant sur l'interprétation de données de télédétection et l'analyse de systèmes d'informations géographiques (SIG). Le taux de réussite de forages du projet a été faible à cause de la faible porosité primaire et le faible rendement en eau souterraine dûà des phénomènes structuraux secondaires. Les données de télédétection qui ont été prises en compte comprennent une cartographie thématique Landsat, des images SPOT et une photographie aérienne infrarouge. De ces données ont été tirées des informations sur les alignements de la végétation, du drainage et dans la rouche, indicatrices de zones sous-jacentes de fractures transmissives. Les linéaments ont été examinés sur le terrain en association avec les informations relatives à plusieurs centaines de forages positionnés par GPS. Les analyses par SIG mettent l'accent sur l'identification des phénomènes qui contribuent à la réussite des forages, dans un but de meilleure mise en oeuvre de stratégies de positionnement des futurs puits. Les données de télédétection permettent une cartographie réelle des phénomènes qui produisent l'écoulement souterrain. Les puits réussis correspondent le mieux aux linéaments identifiés sur les images Landsat. L'integration des données à un SIG a été intéressante pour les analyses, mais aussi pour montrer la nécesité de prendre en compte la référence spatiale et la précision des données de différentes origines. La technologie GPS a montré une grande utilité pour améliorer la précision spatiale des différentes données introduites dans le SIG.
    Abstract: RESUMEN: Un proyecto rural de aguas suberráneas llevado a cabo en la Depresión Sedimentaria Voltaian, en la zona central de Ghana, fue el centro de un estudio para desarrollar unas mejores estrategias de localización de pozos, basados en la interpretación de los datos procedentes de sensores remotos y del análisis de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GIS). El índice de éxito de las perforaciones en el proyecto había sido bajo, debido a la baja porosidad primaria y a la restricción del agua subterránea a aspectos estructurales secundarios. Los datos de sensores remotos que se incorporan al estudio incluían el Mapeo Temático Landsat (TM), SPOT y la fotografía aérea infrarroja. Estos datos se utilizaron para caracterizar vegetación, drenaje y lechos rocosos, datos que permiten identificar las zonas de fracturas más transmisivas. Estos lineamientos se examinaron en campo y se integraron con la información procedente de varios cientos de sondeos posicionados mediante GPS. Los análisis GIS se centraron en la identificación de los fenómenos que contribuyeron a que algunos pozos resultaran un éxito, con la idea de desarrollar estrategias óptimas para el posicionamiento de pozos futuros. Los datos de sensores remotos permitieron cartografiar adecuadamente los elementos conductivos principales. Los lineamientos que se identificaron mediante imágenes del Landsat TM son los que tuvieron mayor éxito. La integración de datos en un GIS resultó valiosa para análisis efectivos, pero mostró a su vez la necesidad de tener en cuenta la referencia espacial y la exactitud de los datos procedentes de diversas fuentes. La tecnología GPS resultó muy útil para aumentar la exactitud espacial de los varios datos integrados en el GIS.
    Notes: ABSTRACT: A rural groundwater project within the Voltaian Sedimentary Basin in central Ghana was the focus of a study to develop better well-siting strategies, based on interpretations of remote-sensing data and Geographic Information System (GIS) analyses. The drilling success rate of the project had been low due to low primary porosity and the restriction of groundwater to secondary structural features. Remote-sensing data that were incorporated in the study include Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), SPOT, and infrared aerial photography. These data were interpreted for linear vegetation, drainage, and bedrock features that would indicate underlying transmissive fracture zones. Lineaments were examined in the field and integrated with information from several hundred GPS-positioned boreholes. GIS analyses focused on the identification of phenomena that contributed to successful wells, in order to develop optimal strategies for future well siting. Remote-sensing data allowed effective mapping of features that are conducive to groundwater development. Lineaments identified on Landsat TM imagery had the greatest correspondence to well success. The integration of data in a GIS was valuable for effective analyses but also exposed the necessity of accounting for spatial reference and accuracy of data from different sources. GPS technology proved very useful to increase the spatial accuracy of the various data integrated in the GIS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1996-03-01
    Print ISSN: 1431-2174
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0157
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1999-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0017-467X
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-6584
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1997-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0017-467X
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-6584
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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