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  • 1
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    An Introduction to Space Instrumentation (2013)
    Tokyo : TERRAPUB
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: In-situ density measurements in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere region with the TOTAL and CONE instruments / Boris Strelnikov, Markus Rapp, and Franz-Josef Lübkin / pp. 1-11. doi:10.5047/aisi.001 --- Atomic oxygen measurement by resonance lamp / N. Iwagami and W. H. Morrow / pp. 13-16. doi:10.5047/aisi.002 --- Nitric oxide measurement by self-absorbing gas cell / N. Iwagami / pp. 17-20. doi:10.5047/aisi.003 --- Imaging attitude finder for a sounding rocket and magnesium ion imager for airglow spatial pattern / N. Iwagami, Y. Koizumi-Kurihara, and J. Kurihara / pp. 21-24. doi:10.5047/aisi.004 --- Airglow photometers on board sounding rockets / B. R. Clemesha, H. Takahashi, A. Eras, N. B. Lisboa, and D. Gobbi / pp. 25-31. doi:10.5047/aisi.005 --- N2 Temperature of Vibration instrument for sounding rocket observation in the lower thermosphere / J. Kurihara, N. Iwagami, and K.-I. Oyama / pp. 33-39. doi:10.5047/aisi.006 --- Foil chaff ejection systems for sounding rocket measurements of neutral winds in the mesopause region / Yoshiko Koizumi-Kurihara, Junichi Kurihara, Yasuhiro Murayama, and Koh-Ichiro Oyama / pp. 41-46. doi:10.5047/aisi.007 --- Wind measurements: Trimethyl aluminum (TMA) chemical release technique / M. F. Larsen / pp. 47-51. doi:10.5047/aisi.008 --- Rocket-borne Lithium ejection system for neutral wind measurement / Hiroto Habu, Masa-yuki Yamamoto, Shigeto Watanabe, and Miguel F. Larsen / pp. 53-61. doi:10.5047/aisi.009 --- Langmuir probe / Takumi Abe and Koh-ichiro Oyama / pp. 63-75. doi:10.5047/aisi.010 --- Rocket-borne Langmuir probe for plasma density irregularities / H. S. S. Sinha / pp. 77-90. doi:10.5047/aisi.011 --- Electron temperature probe / K.-I. Oyama and C. Z. Cheng / pp. 91-105. doi:10.5047/aisi.012 --- Impedance probe technique to detect the absolute number density of electrons on-board spacecraft / M. Wakabayashi, T. Suzuki, J. Uemoto, A. Kumamoto, and T. Ono / pp. 107-123. doi:10.5047/aisi.013 --- Resonance cone probe for measuring electron density, temperature, drift speed and beam components / A. Piel / pp. 125-138. doi:10.5047/aisi.014 --- Retarding Potential Analyzer (RPA) for Sounding Rocket / H. K. Fang and C. Z. Cheng / pp. 139-153. doi:10.5047/aisi.015 --- Electric field instrument onboard Japanese sounding rockets / K. Ishisaka / pp. 155-163. doi:10.5047/aisi.016 --- Magnetic Field Measurement (MFM) and Sun Aspect Sensor (SAS) / Takao Takahashi / pp. 165-179. doi:10.5047/aisi.017 --- Designing a toroidal top-hat energy analyzer for low-energy electron measurement / Y. Kazama / pp. 181-192. doi:10.5047/aisi.018 --- Low energy particle spectrometer for 3-axis stabilized spacecraft / Yoshifumi Saito / pp. 193-202. doi:10.5047/aisi.019 --- Imaging thermal ion mass and velocity analyzer / Andrew W. Yau, E. Peter King, Peter Amerl, Kaare Berg, Greg Enno, Andrew Howarth, Ivan Wevers, and Andrew White / pp. 203-215. doi:10.5047/aisi.020 --- Development of fluxgate magnetometers and applications to the space science missions / A. Matsuoka, M. Shinohara, Y.-M. Tanaka, A. Fujimoto, and K. Iguchi / pp. 217-225. doi:10.5047/aisi.021 --- Plasma wave receivears for scientific satellites / H. Kojima / pp. 227-237
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9784887041608
    URL: http://www.terrapub.co.jp/onlineproceedings/ste/aisi/
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deuterium–tritium plasmas in novel regimes in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor : The 38th annual meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) of the American Physical Society (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1714-1724 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experiments in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Phys. Plasmas 2, 2176 (1995)] have explored several novel regimes of improved tokamak confinement in deuterium–tritium (D–T) plasmas, including plasmas with reduced or reversed magnetic shear in the core and high-current plasmas with increased shear in the outer region (high li). New techniques have also been developed to enhance the confinement in these regimes by modifying the plasma-limiter interaction through in situ deposition of lithium. In reversed-shear plasmas, transitions to enhanced confinement have been observed at plasma currents up to 2.2 MA (qa(approximate)4.3), accompanied by the formation of internal transport barriers, where large radial gradients develop in the temperature and density profiles. Experiments have been performed to elucidate the mechanism of the barrier formation and its relationship with the magnetic configuration and with the heating characteristics. The increased stability of high-current, high-li plasmas produced by rapid expansion of the minor cross section, coupled with improvement in the confinement by lithium deposition has enabled the achievement of high fusion power, up to 8.7 MW, with D–T neutral beam heating. The physics of fusion alpha-particle confinement has been investigated in these regimes, including the interactions of the alphas with endogenous plasma instabilities and externally applied waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies. In D–T plasmas with q0〉1 and weak magnetic shear in the central region, a toroidal Alfvén eigenmode instability driven purely by the alpha particles has been observed for the first time. The interactions of energetic ions with ion Bernstein waves produced by mode conversion from fast waves in mixed-species plasmas have been studied as a possible mechanism for transferring the energy of the alphas to fuel ions. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872274
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-dimensional Vlasov simulations of Langmuir solitons (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 4195-4203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interactions of Langmuir solitons with plasma are simulated using a one-dimensional electrostatic Vlasov code, including both electrons and ions. The Zakharov's solutions are used as initial conditions. The wave is found to transfer energy into electrons during the heating process due to the interaction of resonant electrons with high-frequency electric fields. For Te(very-much-greater-than)Ti, the temporal evolution of the electron distribution function shows different heating behaviors depending on whether the electrons are interacting with a single soliton or many solitons. In single-soliton interactions, the final electron distribution function approaches an exponential form, f(v)∝exp(−6v/vte). However, for multisoliton interactions, the final stage of the heated electrons establishes a power-law distribution function, f(v)∝v−4, which agrees with that of Gorev and Kingsep [Sov. Phys. JETP 39, 1008 (1974)]. Simulation results for soliton motion show strong ion Landau damping, such that the solitons dissipated quickly when Ti=Te. Analyses indicate that nonlinear damping of Langmuir solitons by thermal ions for vg≤vti plays the most important role in slowing down the moving solitons. A double-hump structure was also found in the near-sonic soliton motion. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871045
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha particle effects on the internal kink and fishbone modes (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 3369-3377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of alpha particles on the internal kink and fishbone modes are studied analytically. The nonadiabatic contribution from untrapped alpha particles is negligible. Finite inverse aspect ratio, plasma β, and plasma shaping effects can significantly enhance the trapped particle drift reversal domain in the pitch angle space and reduce the bounce-averaged magnetic drift frequency. The decrease of the drift magnitude and drift reversal effects on the ideal kink mode is small, but the βα threshold for the fishbone mode can be much lower than previously predicted [B. Coppi, S. Migliuolo, F. Pegoraro, and F. Porcelli, Phys. Fluids B 2, 927 (1990)]. Moreover, the fishbone mode could be excited by alpha particles, even when the plasma is stable in the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) limit. In addition, the ion diamagnetic drift frequency (finite ion Larmor radius effect) has a strong destabilizing effect on the fishbone mode when it is comparable with the trapped alpha-averaged precessional drift frequency, even though it stabilizes the plasma in the ideal MHD limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870485
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compressional Alfvén eigenmode dispersion in low aspect ratio plasmas (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 3483-3488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new theory of compressional Alfvén eigenmodes (CAEs) applicable to low aspect ratio toroidal plasmas is developed. The theory is based on the ballooning representation of the poloidal dependence of the perturbed quantities. The theory provides localized CAE solution with discrete eigenfrequencies determined by the Alfvén velocity of the plasma. The eigenmode localization is determined by the effective "potential" well given by the minimum of the magnetic field on a magnetic surface, so that the plasma equilibrium is essential to accurately determine the dispersion of CAEs. The mode structure is localized in both minor radius and poloidal angle directions near the low magnetic field side. Properties of recently observed fast ion beam driven instabilities in MHz frequency range in National Spherical Torus experiments (NSTX) [Kaye, et al., Fusion Technol. 36, 16 (1999)] are consistent with ones of CAEs. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1492803
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the effect of compressional Alfvén modes on thermal transport in the National Spherical Torus Experiment : Review,Tutorial and Invited Papers from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 2069-2076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: With the first injection of neutral beams into the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)], a broad spectrum of fluctuations consisting of nearly equally spaced peaks in the frequency range from about 0.2 to 1.2 times the ion cyclotron frequency was observed. The frequencies scale with toroidal field and plasma density consistently with Alfvén waves. From these and other observations, the modes have been identified as compressional Alfvén eigenmodes (CAE). It has also recently been found that the ratio of the measured ion and electron temperatures in NSTX during neutral beam heating is anomalously high [Bell, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 46, 206 (2001)]. To explain the anomaly in the ratio of ion to electron temperature, it has been suggested that the CAE, driven by the beam ions, stochastically heat the thermal ions [Gates et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 205003 (2001)]. In this paper it is shown through studies of the power balance that stochastic heating of the thermal ions by the observed CAE alone is not solely responsible for the anomaly in the ion to electron temperature ratio. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1464542
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast particle finite orbit width and Larmor radius effects on low-n toroidicity induced Alfvén eigenmode excitation (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 2802-2807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of finite drift orbit width (FOW) and Larmor radius (FLR) of fast particles on the stability of low-n toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE) are studied. The formulation is based on the solution of the low frequency gyrokinetic equation (ω(very-much-less-than)ωc, where ωc is particle cyclotron frequency). A quadratic form has been derived in terms of invariant variables; energy E, magnetic moment μ, and toroidal angular momentum Pcursive-phi. The growth rate of the TAE is computed perturbatively using numerical averaging over the fast particle drift orbit. This new computational capability improves the NOVA-K code [G. Y. Fu, C. Z. Cheng, and K. L. Wong, Phys. Fluids B 5, 4040 (1994)] which included FOW effects in the growth rate calculation based on small radial orbit width approximation. The new NOVA-K version has been benchmarked for different regimes of particle TAE excitation. It is shown that both FOW and FLR effects are typically stabilizing; the TAE growth rate can be reduced by as much as a factor of 2 for tokamak fusion test reactor supershots [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)]. However, FOW may be destabilizing for the global modes, which are localized at the plasma edge. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873545
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes in TFTR deuterium–tritium plasmas : The 39th annual meeting of division of plasma physics of APS (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1703-1711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Purely alpha-particle-driven toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) with toroidal mode numbers n=1–6 have been observed in deuterium–tritium (D–T) plasmas on the tokamak fusion test reactor [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)]. The appearance of mode activity following termination of neutral beam injection in plasmas with q(0)〉1 is generally consistent with theoretical predictions of TAE stability [G. Y. Fu et al. Phys. Plasmas 3, 4036 (1996)]. Internal reflectometer measurements of TAE activity is compared with theoretical calculations of the radial mode structure. Core localization of the modes to the region of reduced central magnetic shear is confirmed, however the mode structure can deviate significantly from theoretical estimates. The peak measured TAE amplitude of δn/n∼10−4 at r/a∼0.3−0.4 corresponds to δB/B∼10−5, while δB/B∼10−8 is measured at the plasma edge. Enhanced alpha particle loss associated with TAE activity has not been observed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872818
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha particle losses from Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor deuterium–tritium plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1875-1880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Because alpha particle losses can have a significant influence on tokamak reactor viability, the loss of deuterium–tritium alpha particles from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [K. M. McGuire et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2176 (1995)] has been measured under a wide range of conditions. In TFTR, first orbit loss and stochastic toroidal field ripple diffusion are always present. Other losses can arise due to magnetohydrodynamic instabilities or due to waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies. No alpha particle losses have yet been seen due to collective instabilities driven by alphas. Ion Bernstein waves can drive large losses of fast ions from TFTR, and details of those losses support one element of the alpha energy channeling scenario. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871983
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-frequency core localized modes in neutral beam heated plasmas on TFTR (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 593-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A band of high-frequency modes in the range 50–150 kHz with intermediate toroidal mode numbers 4〈n〈10 are commonly observed in the core of supershot plasmas on TFTR [R. Hawryluk, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 33, 1509 (1991)]. Two distinct varieties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes are identified, corresponding to a flute-like mode predominantly appearing around the q=1 surface and an outward ballooning mode for q(approximately-greater-than)1. The flute-like modes have nearly equal amplitude on the high-field and low-field side of the magnetic axis, and are mostly observed in moderate performance supershot plasmas with τE〈2τL, while the ballooning-like modes have enhanced amplitude on the low-field side of the magnetic axis and tend to appear in higher performance supershot plasmas with τE(approximately-greater-than)2τL, where τL is the equivalent L-mode confinement time. Both modes appear to propagate in the ion diamagnetic drift direction and are highly localized with radial widths Δr∼5–10 cm, fluctuation levels ñ/n, T˜e/Te〈0.01, and radial displacements ξr∼0.1 cm. Unlike the toroidally localized high-n activity observed just prior to major and minor disruptions on TFTR [E. D. Fredrickson et al., Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Seville, Spain (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1995), No. IAEA-CN-60/A-2-II-5], these modes are typically more benign and may be indicative of MHD activity excited by resonant circulating beam ions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871887
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