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  • 1
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    Abolition of long-term stability of new hippocampal place cell maps by NMDA receptor blockade (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-26
    Description: Hippocampal pyramidal cells are called place cells because each cell tends to fire only when the animal is in a particular part of the environment-the cell's firing field. Acute pharmacological blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors was used to investigate how NMDA-based synaptic plasticity participates in the formation and maintenance of the firing fields. The results suggest that the formation and short-term stability of firing fields in a new environment involve plasticity that is independent of NMDA receptor activation. By contrast, the long-term stabilization of newly established firing fields required normal NMDA receptor function and, therefore, may be related to other NMDA-dependent processes such as long-term potentiation and spatial learning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kentros, C -- Hargreaves, E -- Hawkins, R D -- Kandel, E R -- Shapiro, M -- Muller, R V -- R01 20686/PHS HHS/ -- R01 45923/PHS HHS/ -- T32 AGO 00189/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jun 26;280(5372):2121-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, SUNY Health Science Center Brooklyn, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9641919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Evoked Potentials ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation/*physiology ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Piperazines/pharmacology ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Space Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Generation of a synthetic memory trace (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-24
    Description: We investigated the effect of activating a competing, artificially generated, neural representation on encoding of contextual fear memory in mice. We used a c-fos-based transgenic approach to introduce the hM(3)D(q) DREADD receptor (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug) into neurons naturally activated by sensory experience. Neural activity could then be specifically and inducibly increased in the hM(3)D(q)-expressing neurons by an exogenous ligand. When an ensemble of neurons for one context (ctxA) was artificially activated during conditioning in a distinct second context (ctxB), mice formed a hybrid memory representation. Reactivation of the artificially stimulated network within the conditioning context was required for retrieval of the memory, and the memory was specific for the spatial pattern of neurons artificially activated during learning. Similar stimulation impaired recall when not part of the initial conditioning.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956300/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3956300/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garner, Aleena R -- Rowland, David C -- Hwang, Sang Youl -- Baumgaertel, Karsten -- Roth, Bryan L -- Kentros, Cliff -- Mayford, Mark -- R01 DA028300/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA028300-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH057368/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH057368-14/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01DA028300/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01MH057368/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U19MH82441/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 23;335(6075):1513-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1214985.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22442487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Brain/*physiology ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/physiopathology ; Clozapine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cues ; Electroshock ; *Fear ; Genes, fos ; Learning ; *Memory ; Mental Recall ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    K+ Channel Subunit Isoforms with Divergent Carboxy-Terminal Sequences Carry Distinct Membrane Targeting Signals (1997)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 159 (1997), S. 149 -159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Potassium channels — Membrane targeting — Protein sorting — Alternative splicing — Targeting signals — Kv3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Kv3 K+ channel genes encode multiple products by alternative splicing of 3′ ends resulting in the expression of K+ channel proteins that differ only in their C-termini. This divergence does not affect the electrophysiological properties of the channels expressed by these proteins. A similar alternative splicing with unknown function is seen in K+ channel genes of other families. We have investigated the possibility that the alternative splicing serves to generate channel subunits with different membrane targeting signals by examining the sorting behavior of three alternatively-spliced Kv3.2 isoforms when expressed in polarized MDCK cells. Two Kv3.2 proteins, Kv3.2b and Kv3.2c were expressed predominantly in the apical membrane, while Kv3.2a was localized mainly to the basolateral side (thought to be equivalent to the axonal and somatodendritic compartments in neurons, respectively). The Kv3.2 mRNA transcripts used in these studies are identical except for their 3′ sequence, encoding the extreme C-terminal domain of the protein and the 3′UTR of the mRNA. However, the proteins achieve the same localizations in MDCK cells when expressed from constructs containing or lacking the 3′UTR, indicating that the differential localization is due to targeting signals present in the C′ terminal domain of the protein. These results suggest that the alternative splicing of Kv3 genes is involved in channel localization. Since the precise localization of any given ion channel on the neuronal surface has significant functional implications, the results shown here suggest an important function for the alternative splicing of 3′ ends seen in many K+ channel genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900278
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  • 4
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    A stable hippocampal representation of a space requires its direct experience (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    The long-term stability of new hippocampal place fields requires new protein synthesis (2004)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-25
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    Region-specific expression of a K+ channel gene in brain. (1992)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    A stable hippocampal representation of a space requires its direct experience [Neuroscience] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-31
    Description: In humans and other mammals, the hippocampus is critical for episodic memory, the autobiographical record of events, including where and when they happen. When one records from hippocampal pyramidal neurons in awake, behaving rodents, their most obvious firing correlate is the animal's position within a particular environment, earning them the name “place cells.” When an animal explores a novel environment, its pyramidal neurons form their spatial receptive fields over a matter of minutes and are generally stable thereafter. This experience-dependent stabilization of place fields is therefore an attractive candidate neural correlate of the formation of hippocampal memory. However, precisely how the animal's experience of a context translates into stable place fields remains largely unclear. For instance, we still do not know whether observation of a space is sufficient to generate a stable hippocampal representation of that space because the animal must physically visit a spot to demonstrate which cells fire there. We circumvented this problem by comparing the relative stability of place fields of directly experienced space from merely observed space following blockade of NMDA receptors, which preferentially destabilizes newly generated place fields. This allowed us to determine whether place cells stably represent parts of the environment the animal sees, but does not actually occupy. We found that the formation of stable place fields clearly requires direct experience with a space. This suggests that place cells are part of an autobiographical record of events and their spatial context, consistent with providing the “where” information in episodic memory.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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