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  • 1
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    Seismic evidence for a lower-mantle origin of the Iceland plume (1998)
    In:  Nature, Luxembourg, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 395, no. 6697, pp. 62-65, pp. B06303, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998
    Keywords: Seismology ; hot ; spot ; Plate tectonics ; Surface waves ; Tomography ; Dispersion
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Elastic thickness of the lithosphere in the Marquesas and Society Islands (1993)
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Tokyo, Terra Scientific Publishing Company, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 19565-19577, pp. B03302, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; JGR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Seismic structure of the Iceland mantle plume (1997)
    In:  Nature, Köln, Elsevier, vol. 385, no. 1, pp. 245-247, pp. B08301, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997
    Keywords: Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Velocity depth profile
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Shear wave splitting at central Tien Shan: Evidence for rapid variation of anisotropic patterns (1998)
    In:  Geophys. Res. Lett., Köln, Elsevier, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 1217-1220, pp. B08301, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998
    Keywords: Seismology ; AnisotropyS ; China ; 7218 ; Seismology ; Lithosphere ; and ; upper ; mantle ; 8102 ; Tectonophysics ; Continental ; contractional ; orogenic ; belts ; 8110 ; Continental ; tectonics--general ; (0905) ; GRL
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    Shear-wave splitting and implications for mantle flow beneath the MELT region of the east pacific rise (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-05
    Description: Shear-wave splitting across the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise has been measured from records of SKS and SKKS phases on the ocean-bottom seismometers of the Mantle Electromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) Experiment. The direction of fast shear-wave polarization is aligned parallel to the spreading direction. Delay times between fast and slow shear waves are asymmetric across the rise, and off-axis values on the Pacific Plate are twice those on the Nazca Plate. Splitting on the Pacific Plate may reflect anisotropy associated with spreading-induced flow above a depth of about 100 km, as well as a deeper contribution from warm asthenospheric return flow from the Pacific Superswell region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolfe -- Solomon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 22;280(5367):1230-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉C. J. Wolfe, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. S. C. Solomon, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9596569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Magmatically triggered slow slip at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-08-30
    Description: We demonstrate that a recent dike intrusion probably triggered a slow fault-slip event (SSE) on Kilauea volcano's mobile south flank. Our analysis combined models of Advanced Land Observing Satellite interferometric dike-intrusion displacement maps with continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) displacement vectors to show that deformation nearly identical to four previous SSEs at Kilauea occurred at far-field sites shortly after the intrusion. We model stress changes because of both secular deformation and the intrusion and find that both would increase the Coulomb failure stress on possible SSE slip surfaces by roughly the same amount. These results, in concert with the observation that none of the previous SSEs at Kilauea was directly preceded by intrusions but rather occurred during times of normal background deformation, suggest that both extrinsic (intrusion-triggering) and intrinsic (secular fault creep) fault processes can lead to SSEs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brooks, Benjamin A -- Foster, James -- Sandwell, David -- Wolfe, Cecily J -- Okubo, Paul -- Poland, Michael -- Myer, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Aug 29;321(5893):1177. doi: 10.1126/science.1159007.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18755967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Mantle fault zone beneath Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2003-04-19
    Description: Relocations and focal mechanism analyses of deep earthquakes (〉/=13 kilometers) at Kilauea volcano demonstrate that seismicity is focused on an active fault zone at 30-kilometer depth, with seaward slip on a low-angle plane, and other smaller, distinct fault zones. The earthquakes we have analyzed predominantly reflect tectonic faulting in the brittle lithosphere rather than magma movement associated with volcanic activity. The tectonic earthquakes may be induced on preexisting faults by stresses of magmatic origin, although background stresses from volcano loading and lithospheric flexure may also contribute.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolfe, Cecily J -- Okubo, Paul G -- Shearer, Peter M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Apr 18;300(5618):478-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI96822, USA. wolfe@hawaii.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12702874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Mantle shear-wave velocity structure beneath the Hawaiian hot spot (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-08
    Description: Defining the mantle structure that lies beneath hot spots is important for revealing their depth of origin. Three-dimensional images of shear-wave velocity beneath the Hawaiian Islands, obtained from a network of sea-floor and land seismometers, show an upper-mantle low-velocity anomaly that is elongated in the direction of the island chain and surrounded by a parabola-shaped high-velocity anomaly. Low velocities continue downward to the mantle transition zone between 410 and 660 kilometers depth, a result that is in agreement with prior observations of transition-zone thinning. The inclusion of SKS observations extends the resolution downward to a depth of 1500 kilometers and reveals a several-hundred-kilometer-wide region of low velocities beneath and southeast of Hawaii. These images suggest that the Hawaiian hot spot is the result of an upwelling high-temperature plume from the lower mantle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolfe, Cecily J -- Solomon, Sean C -- Laske, Gabi -- Collins, John A -- Detrick, Robert S -- Orcutt, John A -- Bercovici, David -- Hauri, Erik H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 4;326(5958):1388-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1180165.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. cecily@soest.hawaii.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Ambient seismic noise interferometry in Hawai'i reveals long-range observability of volcanic tremor (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-11
    Description: The use of seismic noise interferometry to retrieve Green's functions and the analysis of volcanic tremor are both useful in studying volcano dynamics. Whereas seismic noise interferometry allows long-range extraction of interpretable signals from a relatively weak noise wavefield, the characterization of volcanic tremor often requires a dense seismic array close to the source. We here show that standard processing of seismic noise interferometry yields volcanic tremor signals observable over large distances exceeding 50 km. Our study comprises 2.5 yr of data from the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory short period seismic network. Examining more than 700 station pairs, we find anomalous and temporally coherent signals that obscure the Green's functions. The time windows and frequency bands of these anomalous signals correspond well with the characteristics of previously studied volcanic tremor sources at Pu'u 'O'o and Halema'uma'u craters. We use the derived noise cross-correlation functions to perform a grid-search for source location, confirming that these signals are surface waves originating from the known tremor sources. A grid-search with only distant stations verifies that useful tremor signals can indeed be recovered far from the source. Our results suggest that the specific data processing in seismic noise interferometry—typically used for Green's function retrieval—can aid in the study of both the wavefield and source location of volcanic tremor over large distances. In view of using the derived Green's functions to image heterogeneity and study temporal velocity changes at volcanic regions, however, our results illustrate how care should be taken when contamination by tremor may be present.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
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    On the Properties of Predominant-Period Estimators for Earthquake Early Warning (2006)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-01
    Description: Recent results suggest that measurements of the average "predominant period", tau (sub p) , of an earthquake using the first few seconds of P waves provide a rapid approximate estimate of magnitude that can be used for earthquake early warning systems. Although these prior studies demonstrate the empirical value of such an approach, we here examine the theoretical properties of the predominant period estimator. We show that this estimator is a nonlinear function of spectral amplitude and period that gives greater weight to higher amplitudes and higher frequencies in the spectrum. Our results also demonstrate that there are inherent errors in individual measurements using a time-dependent maximum value of the tau (sub p) estimator derived from a recursion relation. Whereas some of the observed variability in predominant period estimates of magnitude likely is due to local site effects, our analyses suggest that the nonideal properties of the estimator may also add noise to the results. Given the potential importance for earthquake early warning systems, we suggest that more detailed analyses into the magnitude dependence of the spectral characteristics of initial P-wave data, such as using multitaper spectral or wavelet approaches, could be helpful in designing improved methods to further optimize performance.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America
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