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  • 1
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    Prevention of graft versus host disease by inactivation of host antigen-presenting cells (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-20
    Description: Graft versus host disease, an alloimmune attack on host tissues mounted by donor T cells, is the most important toxicity of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The mechanism by which allogeneic T cells are initially stimulated is unknown. In a murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation model it was found that, despite the presence of numerous donor antigen-presenting cells, only host-derived antigen-presenting cells initiated graft versus host disease. Thus, strategies for preventing graft versus host disease could be developed that are based on inactivating host antigen-presenting cells. Such strategies could expand the safety and application of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in treatment of common genetic and neoplastic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shlomchik, W D -- Couzens, M S -- Tang, C B -- McNiff, J -- Robert, M E -- Liu, J -- Shlomchik, M J -- Emerson, S G -- P50HL-54516/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 16;285(5426):412-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10411505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/*immunology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects/*immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Graft vs Host Disease/immunology/*prevention & control ; H-2 Antigens/immunology ; Lymph Nodes/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Knockout ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology ; Spleen/immunology ; Transplantation Chimera
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Intensification of the Cowling current in the global MHD simulation model (2011)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-08
    Description: We examine the effects of the ionospheric conductance on the intensification of the westward electrojet current in the ionosphere based on the piecewise parabolic method with a Lagrangian remap (PPMLR) global MHD simulation model. The ionospheric conductance is empirically linked to the plasma pressure in the plasma sheet. The simulation results are consistent with observations: When the Pedersen and Hall conductances are small, the ionospheric current shows a two-cell pattern; when the conductances increase and the ratio ΣH/ΣP ≥ 2, an intense westward electrojet appears in the midnight sector. This intense westward electrojet is the Cowling current driven by the induced southward electric field due to the blockage of the northward Hall current from closure in the equatorial plasma sheet. The simulation shows the development of the Cowling electrojet is essential to the intensification of the westward electrojet in the ionosphere.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    2-Methyl-N′-[1-(2-pyridyl)ethylidene]benzohydrazide (2011)
    International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-09
    Description: In the title compound, C15H15N3O, the dihedral angle between the pyridine and benzene rings is 36.3 (2)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked through intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the b axis.
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5368
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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  • 4
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    The magnetosphere under the radial interplanetary magnetic field: a numerical study (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-07
    Description: [1]  We investigate the magnetosphere under radial interplanetary magnetic fields (IMF) by using global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) simulations. The magnetosphere-ionosphere system falls into an unexpected state under this specific IMF orientation when the solar wind electric field vanishes. The most important features that characterize this state include: (1) magnetic reconnections can still occur, which take place at the equatorward of the cusp in one hemisphere, the tailward of the cusp in the other hemisphere, and also in the plasma sheet; (2)significant north-south asymmetry exists in both magnetosphere and ionosphere; (3) the polar ionosphere mainly presents a weak two-cell convection pattern, with the polar cap potential valued at ~0 kV; (4) the whole magnetosphere-ionosphere system stays in a very quiet state, and the AL index does not exceed -70nT; (5) The Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability can still be excited at both flanks of the magnetosphere. These results imply the controlling role of the IMF direction between the solar wind and magnetosphere interactions, and improve our understanding of the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere system.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    N′-(4-Hydroxybenzylidene)-3-methoxybenzohydrazide (2012)
    International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-12
    Description: In the title compound, C15H14N2O3, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 47.9 (3)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked through N—H...O, O—H...O and O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the ab plane.
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5368
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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  • 6
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    N′-(2-Chlorobenzylidene)-4-nitrobenzohydrazide (2012)
    International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-12
    Description: In the title compound, C14H10ClN3O3, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 6.64 (13)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked through N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains running along the c axis direction.
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5368
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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  • 7
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    Bow shock and magnetopause contributions to the magnetospheric current system: Hints from the Cluster observations (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-27
    Description: We perform a statistical study of the surface current at the high-latitude magnetopause (HLMP) and the bow shock under different southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions, taking advantage of the crossing events of these discontinuities by the Cluster spacecraft. With an enhancement of southward IMF BZ, the surface current at HLMP reduces, while increasing at the bow shock. Since the amount of the magnetospheric current increases with the increase of southward IMF BZ, a synthesis analysis based on the Cluster observations suggests the bow shock and HLMP together contribute to the magnetospheric current system, and the bow shock would become an important current generator when the southward IMF BZ becoming large. This scenario accords with the previous global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    (E)-3-Methyl-N′-(4-nitrobenzylidene)benzohydrazide methanol monosolvate (2012)
    International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-04
    Description: The title hydrazone compound, C15H13N3O3·CH3OH, crystallized as a methanol solvate. The hydrazone molecule has an E configuration about the C=N bond and is almost planar, with a dihedral angle between the benzene rings of 5.3 (3)°. In the crystal, the hydrazone molecules are linked via the methanol solvent molecule through N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds, so forming chains propagating along the a-axis direction.
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5368
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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  • 9
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    (E)-N′-(2-Hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzylidene)-3-methylbenzohydrazide (2012)
    International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-04
    Description: In the title compound, C15H12I2N2O2, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 26.5 (3)° and the molecule has an E configuration about the C=N bond. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond is observed in the molecule. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c axis.
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-5368
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
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  • 10
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    Large scale characteristics of flux transfer events on the dayside magnetopause (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract By using global MHD simulation, we present the large scale characteristics of flux transfer events (FTEs) on the dayside magnetopause during periods of generic southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). It is revealed that FTEs can be generated both at lower and higher latitudes, and also at almost all local times. The occurrence rate of FTEs has an apparent longitudinal/latitudinal dependence, with a higher occurrence rate near noon/at lower latitudes. It is further shown that even under constant solar wind conditions, the azimuthal lengths of FTEs can have large variability, changing from as short as 〈1RE to as long as 〉10RE for different FTEs. Moreover, FTEs generated closer to the subsolar point tend to have longer extensions along their axes. These new knowledge of large scale properties of FTEs will improve our understanding of the solar wind ‐ magnetosphere interaction.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9380
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9402
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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