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  • 1
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High Tc Y-Ba-Cu-O films have been prepared by dc magnetron sputtering of metal alloy targets. To circumvent the negative ion effect, two alloy targets, YCu and BaCu, are sputtered in an argon atmosphere with an oxygen spray near the substrate. Films deposited on sapphire with onsets at 92 K and a 6° transition width (10–90%) have been achieved using this technique. These films have been successfully patterned with the technique of laser ablation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 372-376 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pulsed laser radiation at 193, 248, or 308 nm can etch films of polyimide (DuPont KaptonTM). The mechanism of this process has been examined by the chemical analysis of the condensible products, by laser-induced fluorescence analysis of the diatomic products, and by the measurement of the etch depth per pulse over a range of fluences of the laser pulse. The most important product as well as the only one condensible at room temperature is carbon. Laser-induced fluorescence analysis showed that C2 and CN were present in the ablation plume. At 248 nm, even well below the fluence threshold of 0.08 J/cm2 for significant ablation, these diatomic species are readily detected and are measured to leave the polymer surface with translational energy of ∼5 eV. These results, when combined with the photoacoustic studies of Dyer and Srinivasan [Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 445 (1986)], show that a simple photochemical mechanism in which one photon or less (on average) is absorbed per monomer is inadequate. The ablation process must involve many photons per monomer unit to account for the production of predominantly small (〈4 atoms) products and the ejection of these fragments at supersonic velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 1582-1584 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Excimer laser pulses with wavelengths of 248 and 308 nm were used to selectively seed Pd on SiO2 surfaces, making them suitable for electroless plating. This novel seeding process for insulating materials is accomplished with the sample immersed in the seeding solution, and occurs only on the areas of the substrate that are illuminated (through the liquid) by the laser light. The Pd content of the seeded samples increased with the number of pulses, but was rather independent of repetition rate. The deposition rate showed a dependence with wavelength consistent with a defect driven mechanism for electron excitation through the band gap of SiO2. These electrons then reduce the Pd ions in the solution in contact with the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1302-1304 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The evolution dynamics of the fragments produced during KrF excimer laser (248 nm, 25 ns) ablation of YBa2Cu3O7−δ has been observed by ultrafast photography using a synchronized dye laser beam (∼1 ns) to probe above the target surface. The images show that fragment removal is initiated near the beginning of the laser pulse ((approximately-greater-than)10 ns), continues for a maximum of a few hundred nanoseconds, and has an expansion front velocity suggesting a target temperature varying from about 1500 to 4000 K or greater. The shock wave formed due to interaction of the ablated fragments with background oxygen gas has also been photographed, and its temporal evolution as a function of oxygen pressure has been shown to agree better with a planar than spherical model. The overall picture is that of an ablation process showing pronounced but understandable gas-dynamic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 102-104 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The gas-phase production of CuO during ablation of a YBa2Cu3O7−δ target in the presence of three different oxidizer background gases: oxygen (O2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), has been monitored using laser-induced fluorescence. The oxides of nitrogen are found to be much more efficient than oxygen in the production of CuO, with the order of reactivity being O2〈N2O〈NO2. In general for all the reactant gases, and independent of the ablation laser wavelength (193 and 308 nm), the CuO concentration has been observed to initially increase with increasing background gas pressure to reach a maximum before decreasing again to negligible levels at higher pressures. The rate of increase in the CuO concentration and its subsequent decrease with pressure, while being dependent on the nature of the oxidizer gas, is also very sensitive to the laser fluence used for ablation. The results are discussed in terms of the reaction energetics and the known dynamics of other gas-phase metal oxidation reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 65 (1992), S. 187-199 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 58 (1991), S. 463-472 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 53 (1991), S. 160-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 79.20 ; 61.80 ; 47.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We bring together a wide range of ideas relating to the gas-dynamic effects that are now recognized to play a leading role in laser-pulse sputtering. The ideas are grouped according to three basic models. (a) In the “effusion” model one deals with particles which are released from a target surface, form a Knudsen layer (KL), and then enter an unsteady adiabatic expansion (UAE). When the release terminates at time t=τr there is an abrupt change at the surface from positive to zero flow velocity, which means that particles moving towards the surface are reflected. The flow breaks up into three regions and analytical solutions exist for all aspects of this flow. (b) In the “recondensation” model the comportment of the target is initially like that of the effusion model but when the release terminates at t=τr the change at the surface is from positive to negative flow velocity, meaning that particles which move towards the surface recondense. Only numerical solutions presently exist (due to Sibold and Urbassek) but they are sufficient to show that the flow breaks up into two (not three) regions. (c) The “outflow” model could be described as the escape of gas from a finite reservoir, a well-known problem since it describes some aspects of guns. In its application to laser sputtering it is assumed that bond-breakage occurs rapidly over a characteristic depth and the resulting gas-like particles then flow out in a UAE; there is no formal KL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 289-292 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.65 ; 73.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Although polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is essentially transparent to light of 308 or 351 nm, it can be made sensitive to photoablation and etching by excimer laser pulses (20 ns half-width) of those wavelengths by the introduction of an organic dopant. The dopant (trade name=Tinuvin*) is actually a quencher of the first electronic excited state of PMMA and is therefore used commercially to stabilize the polymer against photodegradation. Laser etching of Tinuvin-doped PMMA can be shown to be a photochemical process in which the Tinuvin decomposes by the absorption of two or more photons and causes the ablation of the surrounding polymer.*[2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-diisopentyl-phenyl) benzotriazole].
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