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  • 1
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    Coseismic Deformation of the 2015 Mw 6.4 Pishan, China, Earthquake Estimated from Sentinel-1A and ALOS2 Data (2016)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-25
    Description: The 2015 M w  6.4 Pishan earthquake is the largest to have occurred in the Tarim basin since 1976. It caused great damage to infrastructures and private houses in the city of Pishan and the surrounding areas. We use ascending and descending interferometric Sentinel-1A (S1A) and Advanced Land Observation Satellite 2 data to constrain the source parameters of this earthquake. The coseismic fault-slip model obtained from a joint inversion indicates that the rupture is dominated by a thrust motion with a 7 km buried depth. The fault slip is centralized on a roughly 30 km (along-strike) x 15 km (down-dip) rectangular asperity, with ~1 m maximum slip at a depth of 11 km. The total seismic moment 5.6 x 10 18 N·m, corresponding to a moment magnitude M w  6.47, is slightly larger than the seismological estimate. The absence of fault slip in the upper 7 km of the crust suggests that this earthquake left an unruptured up-dip fault under the city of Pishan. Both the coseismic fault-slip distribution and the early postseismic deformation demonstrate that the S1A data have obvious superiority in monitoring earthquakes worldwide.
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 2
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    The thermochemical structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath South China: Results from multi-observable probabilistic inversion (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-31
    Description: We study the thermal and compositional structure of South China by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave dispersion data, geoid height, topography and surface heat flow with a probabilistic (Bayesian) Monte Carlo method. We find that the lithosphere is thin (85-150 km) beneath the South China Fold system and thickens over the Yangtze Craton to maximum thicknesses of up to 250 km beneath the Sichuan Basin. Our inversion predicts that the lithospheric mantle beneath the South China Fold system and Yangtze Craton is highly fertile (Mg# ~88-90), in agreement with independent geochemical signatures from East China mantle xenoliths. Such fertile compositions, together with the relatively thin lithospheric thickness in the area, point towards a widespread metasomatism/refertilization event. We suggest, as others have, that a flat-subduction episode and subsequent slab removal may have triggered both the delamination of the lowermost part of the subcontinental lithosphere and the generation of asthenospheric melts that metasomatized (refertilized) the remaining lithospheric mantle. Inconsistencies among geophysical observations and anomalously fertile compositions for the Sichuan Basin indicate that this region may be currently affected by small-scale convection or delamination processes. Alternatively, the anomalous observations may be associated with an eastward push of Tibetan lithosphere beneath the Yangtze Craton.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acids (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-21
    Description: Bile acids are essential for the solubilization and transport of dietary lipids and are the major products of cholesterol catabolism. Results presented here show that bile acids are physiological ligands for the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), an orphan nuclear receptor. When bound to bile acids, FXR repressed transcription of the gene encoding cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, and activated the gene encoding intestinal bile acid-binding protein, which is a candidate bile acid transporter. These results demonstrate a mechanism by which bile acids transcriptionally regulate their biosynthesis and enterohepatic transport.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makishima, M -- Okamoto, A Y -- Repa, J J -- Tu, H -- Learned, R M -- Luk, A -- Hull, M V -- Lustig, K D -- Mangelsdorf, D J -- Shan, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1362-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75235-9050, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10334992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid/*metabolism ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; *Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; Ligands ; Liver/metabolism ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1 ; *Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Symporters ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Regulation of absorption and ABC1-mediated efflux of cholesterol by RXR heterodimers (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-01
    Description: Several nuclear hormone receptors involved in lipid metabolism form obligate heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and are activated by RXR agonists such as rexinoids. Animals treated with rexinoids exhibited marked changes in cholesterol balance, including inhibition of cholesterol absorption and repressed bile acid synthesis. Studies with receptor-selective agonists revealed that oxysterol receptors (LXRs) and the bile acid receptor (FXR) are the RXR heterodimeric partners that mediate these effects by regulating expression of the reverse cholesterol transporter, ABC1, and the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis, CYP7A1, respectively. Thus, these RXR heterodimers serve as key regulators of cholesterol homeostasis by governing reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissues, bile acid synthesis in liver, and cholesterol absorption in intestine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Repa, J J -- Turley, S D -- Lobaccaro, J A -- Medina, J -- Li, L -- Lustig, K -- Shan, B -- Heyman, R A -- Dietschy, J M -- Mangelsdorf, D J -- R37 HL 09610/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 1;289(5484):1524-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9050, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10968783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/biosynthesis ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/metabolism ; Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage ; Cricetinae ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Dimerization ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Glycoproteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Homeostasis/drug effects ; Intestinal Absorption/*drug effects ; Intestine, Small/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Liver/*metabolism ; Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; *Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/agonists/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/agonists/genetics/metabolism ; Retinoid X Receptors ; Transcription Factors/agonists/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Accumulation of dietary cholesterol in sitosterolemia caused by mutations in adjacent ABC transporters (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-02
    Description: In healthy individuals, acute changes in cholesterol intake produce modest changes in plasma cholesterol levels. A striking exception occurs in sitosterolemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased intestinal absorption and decreased biliary excretion of dietary sterols, hypercholesterolemia, and premature coronary atherosclerosis. We identified seven different mutations in two adjacent, oppositely oriented genes that encode new members of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family (six mutations in ABCG8 and one in ABCG5) in nine patients with sitosterolemia. The two genes are expressed at highest levels in liver and intestine and, in mice, cholesterol feeding up-regulates expressions of both genes. These data suggest that ABCG5 and ABCG8 normally cooperate to limit intestinal absorption and to promote biliary excretion of sterols, and that mutated forms of these transporters predispose to sterol accumulation and atherosclerosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berge, K E -- Tian, H -- Graf, G A -- Yu, L -- Grishin, N V -- Schultz, J -- Kwiterovich, P -- Shan, B -- Barnes, R -- Hobbs, H H -- HL07360/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1771-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9046, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11099417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bile/metabolism ; Cholesterol/blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Codon ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/*genetics/metabolism ; Lipoproteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Sitosterols/*blood/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Mixed-phase oxide catalyst based on Mn-mullite (Sm, Gd)Mn2O5 for NO oxidation in diesel exhaust (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-21
    Description: Oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) for subsequent efficient reduction in selective catalytic reduction or lean NO(x) trap devices continues to be a challenge in diesel engines because of the low efficiency and high cost of the currently used platinum (Pt)-based catalysts. We show that mixed-phase oxide materials based on Mn-mullite (Sm, Gd)Mn(2)O(5) are an efficient substitute for the current commercial Pt-based catalysts. Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. This oxide material is active at temperatures as low as 120 degrees C with conversion maxima of ~45% higher than that achieved with Pt. Density functional theory and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy provide insights into the NO-to-NO(2) reaction mechanism on catalytically active Mn-Mn sites via the intermediate nitrate species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Weichao -- McCool, Geoffrey -- Kapur, Neeti -- Yuan, Guang -- Shan, Bin -- Nguyen, Matt -- Graham, Uschi M -- Davis, Burtron H -- Jacobs, Gary -- Cho, Kyeongjae -- Hao, Xianghong -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Aug 17;337(6096):832-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1225091.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nanostellar Inc., 3696 Haven Avenue, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA. wwang@nanostellar.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22904009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Coulomb Stress Transfer and Accumulation on the Sagaing Fault, Myanmar over the Past 110 years and Its Implications for Seismic Hazard (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-04
    Description: Myanmar is drawing rapidly increasing attention from the world for its seismic hazard. The Sagaing Fault (SF), an active right-lateral strike-slip fault passing through Myanmar, has been being the source of serious seismic damage of the country. Thus, awareness of seismic hazard assessment of this region is of pivotal significance by taking into account the interaction and migration of earthquakes with respect to time and space. We investigated a seismic series comprising10 earthquakes with M 〉 6.5 that occurred along the SF since 1906. The Coulomb failure stress (CFS) modeling exhibits significant interactions among the earthquakes. After the 1906 earthquake, 8 out of 9 earthquakes occurred in the positively stress-enhanced zone of the preceding earthquakes, verifying that the hypothesis of earthquake triggering is applicable on the SF. Moreover, we identified 3 visible positively stressed earthquake gaps on the central and southern SF, on which seismic hazard is increased.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of a sub-picosecond x-ray streak camera (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 133-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel design, magnetically focused, x-ray streak camera was designed and tested using sub-20 fs soft-x-ray pulses generated by high harmonic emission in a gas. The temporal resolution of the camera was demonstrated to be under 0.9 ps throughout the ultraviolet to soft-x-ray wavelength region. Our streak camera represents the fastest x-ray detector developed to date. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118099
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [1,8-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexaazacyclotetradecane]nickel(II) Bis(maleonitriledithiolato)nickelate(II) (1996)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 3035-3037 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270196009389
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde Isonicotinoylhydrazone (1997)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 775-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270197000516
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