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  • 1
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: Working out which areas of the brain become activated during the formation of working (short-term) memory has been greatly helped by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In a Perspective, Robbins et al. discuss new findings (Furey et al.) with fMRI that reveal how working memory is enhanced by the drug physostigmine, which increases cholinergic function in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robbins, T W -- Mehta, M A -- Sahakian, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2275-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK. twr2@cus.cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11188728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Face ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Physostigmine/*pharmacology ; Prefrontal Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism ; Tomography, Emission-Computed ; Visual Cortex/drug effects/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2008-10-25
    Description: Countries must learn how to capitalize on their citizens' cognitive resources if they are to prosper, both economically and socially. Early interventions will be key.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beddington, John -- Cooper, Cary L -- Field, John -- Goswami, Usha -- Huppert, Felicia A -- Jenkins, Rachel -- Jones, Hannah S -- Kirkwood, Tom B L -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- Thomas, Sandy M -- BB/C008200/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0400574/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1057-60. doi: 10.1038/4551057a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Government Office for Science, London.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18948946" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/psychology ; Child ; Child Development ; Cost of Illness ; Depression/economics ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Learning Disorders/economics ; Mental Disorders/*economics/prevention & control/psychology ; *Mental Health ; Risk Factors ; Work/psychology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Cognitive functions dependent on the prefrontal cortex, such as the ability to suppress behavior (response inhibition) and to learn from complex feedback (probabilistic learning), play critical roles in activities of daily life. To what extent do different neurochemical systems modulate these two cognitive functions? Here, using stop-signal and probabilistic learning tasks, we show a double dissociation for the involvement of noradrenaline and serotonin in human cognition. In healthy volunteers, inhibition of central noradrenaline reuptake improved response inhibition but had no effect on probabilistic learning, whereas inhibition of central serotonin reuptake impaired probabilistic learning with no effect on response inhibition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867315/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1867315/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, Samuel R -- Muller, Ulrich -- Blackwell, Andrew D -- Clark, Luke -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- 076274/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0001354/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0401099/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 10;311(5762):861-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Box 189, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK. src33@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16469930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride ; Citalopram/pharmacology ; Double-Blind Method ; Feedback, Psychological ; Humans ; *Inhibition (Psychology) ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Neural Inhibition ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Propylamines/pharmacology ; Psychomotor Performance ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-07-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3173804/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3173804/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Pamela Y -- Patel, Vikram -- Joestl, Sarah S -- March, Dana -- Insel, Thomas R -- Daar, Abdallah S -- Scientific Advisory Board and the Executive Committee of the Grand Challenges on Global Mental Health -- Anderson, Warwick -- Dhansay, Muhammad A -- Phillips, Anthony -- Shurin, Susan -- Walport, Mark -- Ewart, Wendy -- Savill, Sir John -- Bordin, Isabel A -- Costello, E Jane -- Durkin, Maureen -- Fairburn, Christopher -- Glass, Roger I -- Hall, Wayne -- Huang, Yueqin -- Hyman, Steven E -- Jamison, Kay -- Kaaya, Sylvia -- Kapur, Shitij -- Kleinman, Arthur -- Ogunniyi, Adesola -- Otero-Ojeda, Angel -- Poo, Mu-Ming -- Ravindranath, Vijayalakshmi -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- Saxena, Shekhar -- Singer, Peter A -- Stein, Dan J -- 079113/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 091834/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- P30 HD003352/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- Z99 MH999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jul 6;475(7354):27-30. doi: 10.1038/475027a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Office for Research on Disparities and Global Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Maryland, USA. pamela.collins@nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21734685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Global Health ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/economics/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Mental Health/*statistics & numerical data ; Substance-Related Disorders/economics/epidemiology ; World Health Organization
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-03-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Insel, Thomas R -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- England -- Nature. 2012 Mar 14;483(7389):269. doi: 10.1038/483269a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422245" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic/methods/trends ; Cognitive Therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Industry/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior/drug therapy ; *Mental Disorders/drug therapy/economics/genetics/prevention & control ; Molecular Targeted Therapy/trends ; Neurosciences/manpower/*trends ; Translational Medical Research/manpower/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2008-07-19
    Description: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by repetitive thoughts and behaviors associated with underlying dysregulation of frontostriatal circuitry. Central to neurobiological models of OCD is the orbitofrontal cortex, a neural region that facilitates behavioral flexibility after negative feedback (reversal learning). We identified abnormally reduced activation of several cortical regions, including the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, during reversal learning in OCD patients and their clinically unaffected close relatives, supporting the existence of an underlying previously undiscovered endophenotype for this disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, Samuel R -- Menzies, Lara -- Hampshire, Adam -- Suckling, John -- Fineberg, Naomi A -- del Campo, Natalia -- Aitken, Mike -- Craig, Kevin -- Owen, Adrian M -- Bullmore, Edward T -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Sahakian, Barbara J -- G0001354/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G001354/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- MC_U105559847/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- U1055.01.002.00001.01/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 18;321(5887):421-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1154433.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Box 189, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK. srchamb@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18635808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Family ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/*physiopathology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology ; *Reversal Learning
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2009-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sahakian, Barbara J -- Morein-Zamir, Sharon -- 086041/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 10;325(5937):147. doi: 10.1126/science.325_147a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital and the MRC/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute (BCNI), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bioethics/*education ; Education, Graduate ; Humans ; Neurosciences/education/*ethics ; Teaching
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 279 (1979), S. 731-732 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Weanling, male Sprague-Dawley rats were housed at six per cage and given free access to food and water. Half of the rats were fed a corn-based diet containing Masa Harina as the source of protein and carbohydrate (low tryptophan rats) and the other half were fed an 18% casein diet (control rats). ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 473 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-03-05
    Description: Major depressive disorder (MD) is a debilitating public mental health problem with severe societal and personal costs attached. Around one in six people will suffer from this complex disorder at some point in their lives, which has shown considerable etiological and clinical heterogeneity. Overall there remain no validated biomarkers in...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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