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  • 1
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    Mathematical and computational challenges in population biology and ecosystems science (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-17
    Description: Mathematical and computational approaches provide powerful tools in the study of problems in population biology and ecosystems science. The subject has a rich history intertwined with the development of statistics and dynamical systems theory, but recent analytical advances, coupled with the enhanced potential of high-speed computation, have opened up new vistas and presented new challenges. Key challenges involve ways to deal with the collective dynamics of heterogeneous ensembles of individuals, and to scale from small spatial regions to large ones. The central issues-understanding how detail at one scale makes its signature felt at other scales, and how to relate phenomena across scales-cut across scientific disciplines and go to the heart of algorithmic development of approaches to high-speed computation. Examples are given from ecology, genetics, epidemiology, and immunology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levin, S A -- Grenfell, B -- Hastings, A -- Perelson, A S -- AI28433/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR06555/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jan 17;275(5298):334-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8994023" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology ; *Allergy and Immunology ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Communicable Diseases/transmission ; *Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecology ; *Epidemiology ; *Genetics ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; *Virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Epochal evolution shapes the phylodynamics of interpandemic influenza A (H3N2) in humans (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-12-23
    Description: Human influenza A (subtype H3N2) is characterized genetically by the limited standing diversity of its hemagglutinin and antigenically by clusters that emerge and replace each other within 2 to 8 years. By introducing an epidemiological model that allows for differences between the genetic and antigenic properties of the virus's hemagglutinin, we show that these patterns can arise from cluster-specific immunity alone. Central to the formulation is a genotype-to-phenotype mapping, based on neutral networks, with antigenic phenotypes, not genotypes, determining the degree of strain cross-immunity. The model parsimoniously explains well-known, as well as previously unremarked, features of interpandemic influenza dynamics and evolution. It captures the observed boom-and-bust pattern of viral evolution, with periods of antigenic stasis during which genetic diversity grows, and with episodic contraction of this diversity during cluster transitions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koelle, Katia -- Cobey, Sarah -- Grenfell, Bryan -- Pascual, Mercedes -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1898-903.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 2019 Kraus Natural Science Building, University of Michigan, 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA. kkoelle@psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17185596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution ; *Antigenic Variation ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/immunology ; Computer Simulation ; Cross Reactions ; Disease Outbreaks ; Disease Susceptibility ; Epitopes/chemistry/genetics/immunology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genotype ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*genetics/*immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Herd ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/*genetics/*immunology ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/*immunology/transmission/virology ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Infectious diseases. Beyond Ebola (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Currie, Janet -- Grenfell, Bryan -- Farrar, Jeremy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275):815-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8521.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. jcurrie@princeton.edu. ; Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. ; Wellcome Trust, 215 Euston Road, London NW1 2BE, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Communicable Disease Control/*methods/*organization & administration ; Delivery of Health Care ; Disease Reservoirs ; Epidemics/*prevention & control ; *Global Health ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Zoonoses/prevention & control/transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Why large-scale climate indices seem to predict ecological processes better than local weather (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 430 (2004), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Large-scale climatic indices such as the North Atlantic Oscillation are associated with population dynamics, variation in demographic rates and values of phenotypic traits in many species. Paradoxically, these large-scale indices can seem to be better predictors of ecological processes than ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02708
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Travelling waves and spatial hierarchies in measles epidemics (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 414 (2001), S. 716-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Spatio-temporal travelling waves are striking manifestations of predator–prey and host–parasite dynamics. However, few systems are well enough documented both to detect repeated waves and to explain their interaction with spatio-temporal variations in population structure and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/414716a
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    reply: Nonlinearity and the Moran effect (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 406 (2000), S. 847-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Grenfell et al. reply — The Moran effect refers to systems of population dynamics that are linear: under these circumstances, the long-term correlation between population densities will be the same as the correlation between the random environmental perturbations. The Soay sheep ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35022649
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecological interference between fatal diseases (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 422 (2003), S. 885-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An important issue in population biology is the dynamic interaction between pathogens. Interest has focused mainly on the indirect interaction of pathogen strains, mediated by cross immunity. However, a mechanism has recently been proposed for ‘ecological interference’ between ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01542
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling vaccination strategies against foot-and-mouth disease (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 421 (2003), S. 136-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Vaccination has proved a powerful defence against a range of infectious diseases of humans and animals. However, its potential to control major epidemics of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in livestock is contentious. Using an individual farm-based model, we consider either national prophylactic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01343
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise and determinism in synchronized sheep dynamics (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 394 (1998), S. 674-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A major debate in ecology concerns the relative importance of intrinsic factors and extrinsic environmental variations in determining population size fluctuations. Spatial correlation of fluctuations in different populations caused by synchronous environmental shocks,, is a powerful tool for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/29291
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overcompensation and population cycles in an ungulate (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 355 (1992), S. 823-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although comparative analyses of density dependence in large mammal populations has yielded important general insights about the significance of population limitation sharply concentrated at high population levels4"6, more refined analyses of particular systems have been hampered by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355823a0
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