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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GENETIC MATING SYSTEMS AND REPRODUCTIVE NATURAL HISTORIES OF FISHES: Lessons for Ecology and Evolution (2002)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 36 (2002), S. 19-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fish species have diverse breeding behaviors that make them valuable for testing theories on genetic mating systems and reproductive tactics. Here we review genetic appraisals of paternity and maternity in wild fish populations. Behavioral phenomena quantified by genetic markers in various species include patterns of multiple mating by both sexes; frequent cuckoldry by males and rare cuckoldry by females in nest-tending species; additional routes to surrogate parentage via nest piracy and egg-thievery; egg mimicry by nest-tending males; brood parasitism by helper males in cooperative breeders; clutch mixing in oral brooders; kinship in schooling fry of broadcast spawners; sperm storage by dams in female-pregnant species; and sex-role reversal, polyandry, and strong sexual selection on females in some male-pregnant species. Additional phenomena addressed by genetic parentage analyses in fishes include clustered mutations, filial cannibalism, and local population size. All results are discussed in the context of relevant behavioral and evolutionary theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.36.030602.090831
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PRINCIPLES OF PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AS ILLUSTRATED BY FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL TURTLES IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES (1998)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 29 (1998), S. 23-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Geographic patterns in mtDNA variation are compiled for 22 species of freshwater and terrestrial turtles in the southeastern United States, and the results are employed to evaluate phylogeographic hypotheses and principles of genealogical concordance derived previously from similar analyses of other vertebrates in the region. The comparative molecular findings are interpreted in the context of intraspecific systematics for these taxa, the historical geology of the area, traditional nonmolecular zoogeographic information, and conservation significance. A considerable degree of phylogeographic concordance is registered with respect to (a) the configuration of intraspecific mtDNA subdivisions across turtle species, (b) the principal molecular partitions and traditional morphology-based taxonomic boundaries, (c) genetic patterns in turtles versus those described previously for freshwater fishes and terrestrial vertebrates in the region, and (d) intraspecific molecular subdivisions versus the boundaries between major zoogeographic provinces as identified by composite ranges of species in the Testudines. Findings demonstrate shared elements in the biogeographic histories of a diverse regional biota. Such phylogeographic concordances (and discordances) have ramifications for evolutionary theory as well as for the pragmatic efforts of taxonomy and conservation biology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.23
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marjorie A. Asmussen 1949–2004 (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 36 (2004), S. 315-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] On January 19, 2004, Marjorie Asmussen died suddenly when the bicycle she was riding was struck from behind by a pickup truck on a country road near Athens, Georgia. She was 54 years old. Marjorie had a zest for life that few of us can match. In her professional life, this enthusiasm was evidenced ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0404-315
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Considerations on the evolution of qualitative multistate traits (1979)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 28 (1979), S. 190-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Simple models for the evolution of qualitative multistate traits are considered, in which the traits are permitted to evolve in time-dependent versus speciation-dependent fashion. Of particular interest are the means and variances of distances for these traits in evolutionary phylads characterized by different rates of speciation, when alternative characters are neutral with respect to fitness, and when the total number of observable characters is limited to small values. As attainable character states are increasingly restricted, mean distance (D) in a phylad decreases, regardless of whether evolution is a function of time or of rate of speciation. The ratio of mean distances in species-rich and species-poor phylads of comparable evolutionary age (DR/DP) remains near one when differentiation is proportional to time, even when attainable character states are severely restricted. DR/DP also nears one as a result of restricting character states when differentiation is proportional to rate of speciation, but the effect is not severe unless the number of character states is very small and the probability of change per speciation very large. These and other results are discussed with reference to available data sets on qualitative multistate traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00046352
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of restriction endonucleases to measure mitochondrial DNA sequence relatedness in natural populations (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 17 (1981), S. 214-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Restriction endonucleases ; Population surveys ; Maternal inheritance ; Gel electrophoresis ; Phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction endonucleases and agarose gel electrophoresis have been used to demonstrate extensive nucleotide sequence diversity in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within and between conspecific populations of rodents and other mammals. Cleavage of mtDNA samples with a relatively small number of endonucleases provides information concerning the phylogenetic relatedness of individual organisms which cannot now be readily obtained by any other type of molecular analysis. This information is qualitatively different from that available from the study of nuclear genes or gene products because the mitochondrial genome is inherited intact from the female parent and is not altered by recombination or meiotic segregation. The requirements for large tissue samples and laborious DNA purification procedures have imposed severe limitations on the kinds of population surveys in which this technique could be utilized. Here, we show that these difficulties can be overcome by using DNA-DNA hybridization to detect minute amounts of mtDNA in crude tissue fractions which can be more easily and rapidly prepared from very small amounts of tissue without the use of expensive and immobile laboratory equipment. The techniques are described in detail in an effort to make restriction analysis of mtDNA available to biologists who may be unfamiliar with current DNA technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732759
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An empirical evaluation of qualitative Hennigian analyses of protein electrophoretic data (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 19 (1983), S. 244-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Hennigian Cladistics ; Distance Wagner procedure ; UPGMA clustering ; Protein electrophoresis ; Phylogeny ; Systematics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In an empirical evaluation of a qualitative approach to construction of phylogenetic trees from protein-electrophoretic data, we have employed Hennigian cladistic principles to generate molecular trees for waterfowl, rodents, bats, and other phylads. This procedure of tree construction is described in detail. Branching structures of molecular trees produced by three different algorithms were compared against those of “model” classifications previously proposed by other systematists. In each case, the qualitative cladistic trees provided fits to model phylogenies which were strong and as good or better than those resulting from phenetic-clustering or distance-Wagner trees based on manipulation of quantitative values in matrices of genetic distance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02099972
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demographic influences on mitochondrial DNA lineage survivorship in animal populations (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 20 (1984), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Branching process ; Mitochondrial DNA evolution ; Lineage extinction ; Human populations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Probability models of branching processes and computer simulations of these models are used to examine stochastic survivorship of female lineages under a variety of demographic scenarios. A parameter II, defined as the probability of survival of two or more independent lineages over G generations, is monitored as a function of founding size of a population, population size at carrying capacity, and the frequency distributions of surviving progeny. Stochastic lineage extinction can be very rapid under certain biologically plausible demographic conditions. For stable-sized populations initiated by n females and/or regulated about carrying capacity k=n, it is highly probable that within about 4n generations all descendants will trace their ancestries to a single founder female. For a given mean family size, increased variance decreases lineage survivorship. In expanding populations, however, lineage extinction is dramatically slowed, and the final k value is a far more important determinant of II than is the size of the population at founding. The results are discussed in the context of recent empirical observations of low mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence heterogeneity in humans and expected distributions of asexually transmitted traits among sexually reproducing species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257369
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abandon all species concepts? A response (2000)
    Springer
    Conservation genetics 1 (2000), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9737
    Keywords: classification ; phylogeography ; speciation ; vertebrate taxa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010189805191
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matriarchal liberation (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 352 (1991), S. 192-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE rules of molecular evolution seem made to be broken, and no piece of genetic material has shattered more evo-lutionary principles than has mitochon-drial (mt) DNA1. Do genes within an organismal lineage share a single evolu-tionary history? Not necessarily, as ex-emplified first and most ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352192a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flocks of African fishes (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 347 (1990), S. 512-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] MORPHOLOGICAL and molecular evolution can march to the beats of different drummers. Thus horseshoe crabs, 'living fossils' that have changed little in morphology over tens of millions of years, exhibit 'normal' patterns of genetic variation and divergence in proteins and DNA12, whereas humans and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347512a0
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