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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An interpretation of some bristle pattern modifications caused by directional selection inDrosophila melanogaster (1986)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 846-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Drosophila ; bristles ; phenotype ; directional selection ; chaetogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The variations of the dorsocentral and scutellar bristle patterns founded in two bidirectionaly selected lines are discussed in terms of the Richelle and Ghysen model. The phenotype obtained through selection for bristle suppression can be accounted for by a decrease in chaetogen production. Extra bristles can be accounted for by an alteration of the response of the cells to positional information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941549
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of DNA fingerprinting to population study of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) (1996)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 34 (1996), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: DNA fingerprinting ; population genetics ; chamois ; hypervariable minisatellites ; polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Hypervariable minisatellite DNA probes 33.15 and 33.6, originally developed for studies in human populations, were used to study genetic variation in chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra). The mean number of bands per individual was 25 for probe 33.15 and 15 for probe 33.6. The average band frequency was 0.33 for both probes. The mean similarity was 0.44, greater than that reported for human and natural populations and close to values found in domestic populations of mammals. This lack of variability could be related to the bottleneck suffered by the population due to large-scale hunting after the Spanish Civil War. Levels of variability are high compared with variability at the level of protein markers, so the use of minisatellite DNA is recommended for future population studies in this species. We did not find large genetic differences between subpopulations, indicating that the population is genetically homogeneous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02399950
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of DNA fingerprinting to population study of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) (1996)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 34 (1996), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: DNA fingerprinting ; population genetics ; chamois ; hypervariable minisatellites ; polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Hypervariable minisatellite DNA probes 33.15 and 33.6, originally developed for studies in human populations, were used to study genetic variation in chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra). The mean number of bands per individual was 25 for probe 33.15 and 15 for probe 33.6. The average band frequency was 0.33 for both probes. The mean similarity was 0.44, greater than that reported for human and natural populations and close to values found in domestic populations of mammals. This lack of variability could be related to the bottleneck suffered by the population due to large-scale hunting after the Spanish Civil War. Levels of variability are high compared with variability at the level of protein markers, so the use of minisatellite DNA is recommended for future population studies in this species. We did not find large genetic differences between subpopulations, indicating that the population is genetically homogeneous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553903
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental sensitivity and heterosis for egg laying in Drosophila melanogaster (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genotype × temperature interaction ; Heterosis ; Egg laying ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genotype × temperature interactions for egg laying were studied in Drosophila melanogaster using two sets of half diallel crosses: one between inbred lines of the same geographic origin, and the other between established laboratory, newly derived inbred lines from different geographic origins. The sensitivity of most genotypes to changes in temperature was adequately described as a linear regression of mean in temperature. The regression coefficients (linear sensitivities) were heterogeneous between genotypes. Hybrids were more affected by temperature variation than were inbreds. All the heterogeneity of linear sensitivities was accounted for by a linear function of the genotypic means, which strongly suggests that a scale effect is responsible for the differences in sensitivity to temperature. In contrast, no general relationship was found between standard error deviation (sensitivity to small environmental changes) and mean performance between genotypes, although hybrids tended to be less variable than inbreds. This shows that the sensitivity to environmental variation depends not only on the genotype, but also on the nature of the environmental variation. The variability within temperatures may be affected by the general homeostasis of individual genotypes, while the variability between temperatures could be the result of genes directly affecting the trait and their multiplicative interaction with the environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288806
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of lethals in selected lines of Drosophila melanogaster (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Artificial selection ; Lethals ; Segregation distortion ; Dorsocentral bristle number ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five lines of Drosophila melanogaster that reached an extreme phenotype after long-term selection for increased dorsocentral bristle number, were analysed for the presence of lethals. Seven chromosome II and three chromosome III lethal types were detected in four of the lines, at frequencies ranging from between 6% and 36%. No lethal had any demonstrable effect over the selected trait. In one line, where almost every chromosome II was a lethal carrier, it was shown that the main lethal (at a frequency of 36%) was associated with the transmission ratio distortion in males. The processes which could lead to the accumulation of this lethal and others linked in disequilibrium to it is discussed. Some results suggest similar mechanisms for the accumulation of lethals in the other lines. These findings show that causes other than the direct effect of artificial selection must be taken into account when trying to explain the accumulation of lethals in selected lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274726
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Segregation Distorter (SD) complex and the accumulation of deleterious genes in laboratory strains of Drosophila melanogaster (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 479-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Population genetics ; Segregation distortion ; Lethals ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Muller's ratchet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segregation Distorter (SD) associated with the second chromosome of D. melanogaster is found in nature at equilibrium frequencies lower than 5%. We report extremely high frequencies of SD (30–50%) in two selected strains, established in 1976, and show it to be responsible for the accumulation of deleterious genes in chromosome II. Samples of chromosomes extracted over a 4-year period were characterized with respect to distortion, sensitivity, lethality, sterility, and inversions. SD chromosomes were inversion-free as they have been shown to be in the Mediterranean area. The cosmopolitan inversion In(2L)t was found associated with SD + chromosomes. Lines polymorphic for SD have accumulated linked lethal and female-sterile genes approaching a near balanced system. It is proposed that deleterious genes linked in coupling to SD were accumulated by the balancing effect of distortion, while drift and restricted recombination account for the accumulation of deleterious genes linked in repulsion by a mechanism similar to Muller's ratchet. Our results should not be viewed as a particular case as SD chromosomes associated with detrimental genes and inversions are present in almost all populations around the world. The system could evolve in the way we describe whenever equilibrium conditions are broken down in small populations and lead to an increase in SD frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215094
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rates of movement of transposable elements inDrosophila melanogaster (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 130-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Transposable elements ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Quantitative variation ; Population genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mobilization rates of nine families of transposable elements (P, hobo, FB, gypsy, 412, copia, blood, 297, andjockey) were estimated by using 182 lines. Lines were started from a completely isogenic population ofDrosophila melanogaster, carrying the markersepia as an indicator of possible contamination, and have been accumulating spontaneous mutations independently for 80 generations of brother-sister (or two double-first-cousin) matings. Transposable element movements have been analyzed in complete genomes by the Southern technique. Mobilization was a rare event, with an average rate of 10−5 per site per generation. The most active element wasFB. In contrast, the retroelementsgypsy andblood did not move at all. Most changes in restriction patterns were consistent with rearrangements rather than with true transposition. The euchromatic or heterochromatic location of elements was tested by comparing insertion patterns from adults and salivary glands. Certain putative rearrangements involved heterochromatic copies of the retroelements412, copia or297. Clustering of movement across families was observed, suggesting that movement of different families may be non-independent. An association between modified insertion patterns and mutant effects on quantitative traits shows that spontaneous transposition events cause continuous variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02172910
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis ofDrosophila melanogaster egg insertion behavior (1987)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 17 (1987), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; oviposition behavior ; egg insertion ; diallel analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The tendency ofDrosophila melanogaster females to insert eggs into the substrate was analyzed by a diallel cross among five inbred lines from different geographic origins. The trait showed a great deal of additive genetic variation. The directional dominance effect was found to be large, indicating past directional selection for a strong tendency to insert eggs into the medium. Some maternal effect may also be present. Contrary to Takamura and Fuyama (Behav. Genet. 10:105–120, 1980), no relation was found between the tendency to insert eggs in the medium and the choice between a hard (paper) or soft (culture medium) oviposition surface. Lines, which did differ in the tendency to bury their eggs did not differ in the choice of oviposition site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065505
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  • 9
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    Optical properties and electronic structure of polycrystalline Ag1−xCuxInSe2 alloys (2005)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    An interpretation of some bristle pattern modifications caused by directional selection inDrosophila melanogaster (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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