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  • 1
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    Light curve and spectral evolution of the Type IIb supernova 2011fu (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-03
    Description: We present the low-resolution spectroscopic and UBVRI broad-band photometric investigations of the Type IIb supernova (SN) 2011fu, discovered in UGC 01626. The photometric follow-up of this event was initiated a few days after the explosion and covers a period of about 175 d. The early-phase light curve shows a rise, followed by steep decay in all bands, and shares properties very similar to that seen for SN 1993J, with a possible detection of the adiabatic cooling phase. Modelling of the quasi-bolometric light curve suggests that the progenitor had an extended (~1  x 10 13 cm), low-mass (~0.1 M ) H-rich envelope on top of a dense, compact (~2  x 10 11 cm), more massive (~1.1 M ) He-rich core. The nickel mass synthesized during the explosion was found to be ~0.21 M , slightly larger than that seen for other Type IIb SNe. The spectral modelling performed with synow suggests that the early-phase line velocities for H and Fe ii features were ~16 000 and ~14 000 km s –1 , respectively. Then, the velocities declined up to day +40 and became nearly constant at later epochs.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Circadian clocks and virus infection [Cell Biology] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: Viruses are intracellular pathogens that hijack host cell machinery and resources to replicate. Rather than being constant, host physiology is rhythmic, undergoing circadian (∼24 h) oscillations in many virus-relevant pathways, but whether daily rhythms impact on viral replication is unknown. We find that the time of day of host infection...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The unexpected northward migration of some species of insects in Central Europe and the climatic changes (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 59 (1986), S. 90-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwischen 1974 und 1983 konnte bei einigen südlichen Insektenarten eine ständige und wesentliche Nordexpansion (200–700 km) festgestellt werden. Eine der wichtigsten Ursachen des Phänomens scheint die Milde der Winter der letzten Jahre zu sein. Die Beobachtungen bestätigen einige sich mit Klimaerwärmungen befassende Studien. Die Expansion führte zu beträchtlichen wirtschaftlichen Sorgen und löste Gegenmaßnahmen auf internationaler Ebene aus.
    Notes: Abstract From 1974 to 1983 a stable and considerable northward expansion of range (200 to 700 km) of some southern insects was detected. One of the most important causes of this phenomenon appears to be that winters were mild for several years. These data on expansion, involving several groups of insects, illuminate studies on the effects of the warming-up of the climate. The expansion range observed caused considerable economic problems, requiring regional and international remedial actions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01903456
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
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    Fisher information and Rényi dimensions: A thermodynamical formalism (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    In: Chaos
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-03
    Description: The relation between the Fisher information and Rényi dimensions is established: the Fisher information can be expressed as a linear combination of the first and second derivatives of the Rényi dimensions with respect to the Rényi parameter β . The Rényi parameter β is the parameter of the Fisher information. A thermodynamical description based on the Fisher information with β being the inverse temperature is introduced for chaotic systems. The link between the Fisher information and the heat capacity is emphasized, and the Fisher heat capacity is introduced.
    Print ISSN: 1054-1500
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7682
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    A connection to deep groundwater alters ecosystem carbon fluxes and budgets: example from a Costa Rican rainforest (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-31
    Description: [1]  Field studies of watershed carbon fluxes and budgets are critical for understanding the carbon cycle, but the role of deep regional groundwater is poorly known and field examples are lacking. Here we show that discharge of regional groundwater into a lowland Costa Rican rainforest has a major influence on ecosystem carbon fluxes. This influence is observable through chemical, isotopic, and flux signals in groundwater, surface water, and air. Not addressing the influence of regional groundwater in the field measurement program and data analysis would give a misleading impression of the overall carbon source or sink status of the rainforest. In quantifying a carbon budget with the traditional " small watershed" mass-balance approach, it would be critical at this site and likely many others to consider watershed inputs or losses associated with exchange between the ecosystem and the deeper hydrogeological system on which it sits.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Alternative to the Kohn-Sham equations: The Pauli potential differential equation (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: Author(s): H. Levämäki, Á. Nagy, K. Kokko, and L. Vitos A recently developed theoretical framework of performing self-consistent orbital-free (OF) density functional theory (DFT) calculations at Kohn-Sham DFT level accuracy is tested in practice. The framework is valid for spherically symmetric systems. Numerical results for the Beryllium atom are presen… [Phys. Rev. A 92, 062502] Published Fri Dec 11, 2015
    Keywords: Atomic and molecular structure and dynamics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Sustainability, Vol. 10, Pages 3962: Measuring Sustainable Development Goals at a Local Level: A Case of a Metropolitan Area in Romania (2018)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: Metropolitan areas became the breeding ground for economic, political, and cultural concentration as well as for creativity and innovation. Therefore, sustainability within the urban dimension plays a crucial role in the overall success to attain the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and their targets under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015. Nevertheless, for cities, regions, or countries to monitor and measure their progress, there is a need for harmonized and reliable indicators. Consequently, the current study addresses sustainability on a local level by measuring the extent to which a Romanian metropolitan area achieves the SDGs agreed to in 2015 by the 193-member states of the United Nations. The paper analyses 16 out of the 17 SD (Sustainable Development) goals as the goal titled “Life below water” was not applicable. Relying on mainly quantitative data, we used the method of normalization and aggregation based on the arithmetic mean, which helped us to calculate the scores attained by each of the component localities of the metropolitan area within the SDGs and their overall SDG index. Next to this, the study combines the quantitative data analysis with a GIS (Geographic Information System) computer mapping technique. The results show that the municipality achieved the best results in the metropolitan area and a vertical development process from west to the east prevails. Measuring progress through a well-defined set of indicators and an optimization technique proved to be crucial in defining attainments’ levels within the metropolitan area.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 8
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    Lipoic acid and Calligonum comosumon attenuate aroclor 1260-induced testicular toxicity in adult rats (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-02
    Description: ABSTRACT Aroclor 1260 is one of the more representative polychlorinated biphenyls found in biota. This study was designed to delineate the testicular toxicity of Aroclor 1260 and to elucidate the potential protective role of Calligonum comosum (C. comosum) and lipoic acid in adult rats. Aroclor 1260 was dissolved in corn oil and given to rats by gavage at doses 0, 20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days (Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively). Groups V and VI were pretreated with C. comosum (200 mg/kg/day) and lipoic acid (35 mg/kg/day) respectively 24 h before Aroclor 1260 (40 mg/kg/day) treatment for 15 consecutive days. Aroclor 1260 (20, 40 or 60 mg/kg/day) treatment significantly decreased testes weight, sperm count and motility and daily sperm production. Serum testosterone was significantly decreased in response to treatment with 40 and 60 mg/kg/day of Aroclor 1260. LDH-X activity was significantly decreased at the three dose levels. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production (in a dose-related manner) and lipid peroxidation were significantly increased in response to Aroclor 1260 (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day) treatment. Aroclor 1260 at the three dose levels decreased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR and the non-enzymatic antioxidant GSH level. CAT, GPx and GSH showed a dose-response effect. These abnormalities were effectively attenuated by pretreatment with C. comosum (200 mg/kg/day) or lipoic acid (35 mg/kg/day). Histopathological examination showed a dose-related increase in morphological abnormalities of the testis in response to Aroclor 1260 treatment. In conclusion, Aroclor 1260 induced testicular toxicity at least, in part, by induction of oxidative stress. By reversal of biochemical and morphological changes towards normalcy, the cytoprotective role of C. comosum and lipoic acid is illuminated. In comparison, lipoic acid was more protective than C. comosum extract against testicular toxicity induced by Aroclor 1260. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2016.
    Print ISSN: 1520-4081
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-7278
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
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    On filament structure and propagation within a commercial plasma globe (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: The filamentary discharge seen within commercial plasma globes is commonly enjoyed yet not well understood. Here, we investigate the discharge properties of a plasma globe using a variable high voltage amplifier. We find that increasing voltage magnitude increases the number of filaments while leaving their individual structure basically unchanged, a result typical of dielectric barrier discharges. The frequency of the voltage also affects filament population but more significantly changes filament structure, with more diffuse filaments seen at lower frequencies. Voltage polarity is observed to be important, especially at lower frequencies, where for negative-gradient voltages the discharge is more diffuse, not filamentary. At late stages of the discharge circular structures appear and expand on the glass boundaries. We find no trend of discharge speed with respect to voltage variables, though this may be due to manufacturer sample-to-sample variation. Each voltage cycle the discharge expands outward at ∼10–15 km/s, a speed significantly higher than the estimated electron drift yet considerably lower than that observed for most streamers. We discuss the physics of these observations and their relation to similar discharges that can be found within nature and industry.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Genomic prediction of complex human traits: relatedness, trait architecture and predictive meta-models (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-23
    Description: We explore the prediction of individuals' phenotypes for complex traits using genomic data. We compare several widely used prediction models, including Ridge Regression, LASSO and Elastic Nets estimated from cohort data, and polygenic risk scores constructed using published summary statistics from genome-wide association meta-analyses (GWAMA). We evaluate the interplay between relatedness, trait architecture and optimal marker density, by predicting height, body mass index (BMI) and high-density lipoprotein level (HDL) in two data cohorts, originating from Croatia and Scotland. We empirically demonstrate that dense models are better when all genetic effects are small (height and BMI) and target individuals are related to the training samples, while sparse models predict better in unrelated individuals and when some effects have moderate size (HDL). For HDL sparse models achieved good across-cohort prediction, performing similarly to the GWAMA risk score and to models trained within the same cohort, which indicates that, for predicting traits with moderately sized effects, large sample sizes and familial structure become less important, though still potentially useful. Finally, we propose a novel ensemble of whole-genome predictors with GWAMA risk scores and demonstrate that the resulting meta-model achieves higher prediction accuracy than either model on its own. We conclude that although current genomic predictors are not accurate enough for diagnostic purposes, performance can be improved without requiring access to large-scale individual-level data. Our methodologically simple meta-model is a means of performing predictive meta-analysis for optimizing genomic predictions and can be easily extended to incorporate multiple population-level summary statistics or other domain knowledge.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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