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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin reorientation and crystal field in Tm2Fe17Cx : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6041-6043 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The spin-reorientation transitions in Tm2Fe17Cx are analyzed in terms of the crystal field and the Tm-Fe exchange interactions. It is deduced that with increasing carbon concentration, the Tm-Fe exchange field decreases slightly, whereas the absolute value of the second-order crystal-field parameter increases dramatically. The carbon concentration and temperature dependence of the magnetic anisotropy of the Tm ions in Tm2Fe17Cx are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353463
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous anisotropy in the RCo4B compounds : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5917-5919 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic anisotropy of YCo4B determined by the singular point detection (SPD) method and magnetization measurements over a large range of temperature is reported. The anisotropy energy of CeCo4B estimated by magnetization measurements is one order of magnitude larger than those of compounds with Y, La, or Gd. The temperature dependence of anisotropy energy in YCo4B is discussed in the light of the temperature variation of the c/a ratio and the giant anisotropy of CeCo4B is presumed to be due to the itinerant character of the 4f states in the compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353520
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biquadratic coupling effect on magnetoresistance response curves of spin valves with a synthetic antiferromagnet (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 6814-6816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Both normal and inverse magnetoresistance (MR) response curves were observed for synthetic spin valves with the structure of Si(100)/Ru/Co(t1)/Ru(0.7 nm)/Co(t2)/Cu(3 nm)/Co(t3)/Ru. Under the assumption of a coherent rotation of the magnetization in the three Co layers, the hysteresis loops, magnetization response, and MR response curves were calculated as a function of the parameters of the system. The parameters include antiferromagnetic coupling of Co(t1) and Co(t2) through Ru layer, a weak ferromagnetic coupling of Co(t2) and Co(t3) through Cu spacer, giant magnetoresistance of the Co/Cu/Co and Co/Ru/Co systems, and AMR contribution of each Co layer. The uniaxial anisotropy of each Co layer and a distribution of the coupling strength of Co(t1)/Ru/Co(t2) were also included. To fit the experimental data well, it was necessary to include a biquadratic coupling in the Co(t1)/Ru/Co(t2) trilayer. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1360679
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconstruction of in-plane magnetization distributions from magnetic force microscope images (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7230-7232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A three-step method is proposed for reconstructing the in-plane magnetization distribution from a magnetic force microscope (MFM) image. The magnetization distribution is initialized using some assumptions based on our knowledge about domain structures and MFM contrast mechanisms. Then the high-energy moment configurations, which are initialized based on linear variation assumption, are relaxed by performing a micromagnetic calculation using experimentally measured magnetic parameters. A section of a 360° wall in a NiFe/NiO bilayer has been selected to illustrate the reconstruction procedures. It is shown that the method is effective in revealing the wall structure related to the MFM contrast. This method avoids problems caused by noise and nonunique solutions of the micromagnetic equations. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355338
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational hysteresis of torque curves in polycrystalline ferro/antiferromagnetic systems (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7546-7548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Rotational hysteresis of ferromagnetic (F)/antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange coupled systems was studied by using NiFe/IrMn, NiFe/FeMn, and NiFe/NiMn samples sputter deposited under almost the same conditions, although the sample of NiFe/NiMn was annealed later to obtain the antiferromagnetic phase for the NiMn layer. The rotational hysteresis of each sample exhibited quite a different feature from each other, especially in the rotational hysteresis–magnetization angle curves. The NiFe/IrMn bilayer showed a dip at around the antiparallel direction to the applied field direction during sample preparation (pinning direction), while the NiFe/NiMn bilayer exhibited a large peak in that direction. The NiFe/FeMn bilayer did not show any noticeable structure in the rotational hysteresis–magnetization curve. Based on the analysis of those data done by using the model recently proposed by the authors, the following was inferred: (1) The distribution of the anisotropy easy axes of IrMn of the NiFe/IrMn bilayer grains is limited in some range of angles around the pinning direction. Some direct exchange coupling exists between the IrMn grains. (2) The distribution of the anisotropy easy axes of FeMn grains of the NiFe/FeMn bilayer is almost random and the direct exchange coupling between the FeMn grains is negligible. (3) In the NiFe/NiMn bilayer, substantial strength of direct exchange coupling exists between some of the grains which switch and the ones which do not switch with the rotation of the magnetization of the NiFe layer, although the volume fraction of the former is much smaller than the latter. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358833
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Training effect of exchange biased iron–oxide/ferromagnet systems (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 6910-6912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Substantial training effect in hysteresis loops was observed in ferromagnet (F)–antiferromagnet (AF) exchange coupled systems of the structure, Si(100)/iron–oxide(tAF)/F layer (5 nm)/Ta(10 nm), prepared by magnetron sputtering. The exchange bias field and the coercivity decrease with increasing number of loop cycles. The initially asymmetric hysteresis loop becomes more symmetric as the number of loop cycles increases. The effect is more prominent in the descending curve starting from the saturation in the positive (parallel to the pinned direction) direction than in the ascending curve of the hysteresis loop. The value of the ascending curve switching field |Hsw+| is rather unchanged while the switching field |Hsw−| in the descending curve decreases drastically with repeated hysteresis loop cycling as was observed in some CoO/Co and NiO/NiFe systems. Those phenomena can be interpreted by a modification of the extended model of Fulcomer and Charap's: the essential modification being the introduction of positive and negative exchange coupling between AF grains. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1360682
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of R(Fe,Mn)11Ti compounds : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6324-6326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-field magnetization measurements have been performed on both free-powder samples and magnetically aligned samples of R(Fe,Mn)11Ti (R=Y, Nd, Sm, Gd, Er) compounds at 4.2 K in a step field up to 28 T. The temperature dependence of ac susceptibilities of R(Fe,Mn)11Ti has been measured in a temperature range from 4.2 to 800 K. It has been found that both the magnetic moment of the transition-metal sublattice and the Curie temperature of RFe11−xMnxTi compounds decrease with increasing x. Spin reorientations occur in ErFe11−xMnxTi compounds as the result of competition between the uniaxial anisotropy of the transition-metal sublattice and the planar or conical anisotropy of the Er sublattice. The intersublattice exchange constants nRT of ErFe11−xMnxTi compounds have been deduced by the high-field free-powder method. The effect of the substitution of Fe by Mn on the magnetic anisotropies of R(Fe,Mn)11Ti with R=Y, Nd, Sm has been investigated. First-order magnetization processes take place in SmFe11−xMnxTi compounds when the external field is applied perpendicular to the alignment direction. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361987
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of rare-earth compounds of the RCo10Mo2 type : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM) intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6837-6839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of the tetragonal ThMn12-type RCo10Mo2 compounds have been investigated by means of magnetic measurement and x-ray diffraction. It is found that the Co moment is roughly the same in all RCo10Mo2 compounds (0.9 μB/Co), excepting CeCo10Mo2 (0.7 μB/Co). It is also found that the Co sublattice displays easy c-axis magnetization. Nonaxial behavior at room temperature is observed only for SmCo10Mo2, whereas in ErCo10Mo2 a spin reorientation occurs from axial to planar magnetization upon cooling below Tsr=125 K. These results suggest that the A02 term, mainly responsible for the rare-earth-sublattice anisotropy has the same sign as in the R2Fe14B series (A02(approximately-greater-than)0). This is in contrast to other ThMn12-type compounds (RFe10V2, RFe11Ti) where it is generally assumed that A02〈0. The intersublattice coupling of ErCo10Mo2 has been determined by means of the high-field free-powder method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358154
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exchange and crystalline electric fields at R sites in R2Fe14B (R=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3008-3012 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The R-Fe exchange field and the crystalline-electric-field (CEF) parameters at f and g sites in the R2Fe14B compounds (R=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) are determined by analyzing inelastic neutron-scattering spectra and high-field magnetization curves at low temperatures. The determined R-Fe exchange field and CEF parameters vary monotonously across the series. Different values for the R-Fe exchange field at f and g sites with a ratio of about 1.2 and for the second-order CEF parameter A02 at f and g sites with a ratio of 1.24 have been deduced. By using the determined parameters, our calculations reproduce well the observed first-order magnetization process along the [100] direction in Er2Fe14B and Tm2Fe14B at low temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356167
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granular magnetoresistance ribbon material suitable for isotropic magnetic field transducers (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 4918-4920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic granular CoCu alloy ribbons were prepared by the melt-spun method, and the structural, magnetotransport, magnetic properties, and the effects of annealing on these properties were studied by x-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and magnetoresistance (MR) measurements at room temperature. Giant magnetoresistance was observed over a broad range of Co concentrations with a maximum MR ratio of 7.8% (at x=0.20 and 500 °C annealing) under a magnetic field of 20 kOe at room temperature. It is found that the relationship between MR and magnetic field H depended strongly on the annealing temperature and a linear MR-H relation could be obtained at an optimum annealing condition. The MR ratio did not depend on the direction between H and electric current I. These features are very suitable for making isotropic magnetic field transducers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358442
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