ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Generation of Nucleic Acid Structures and Binding of Molecules to DNA (1985)

MILLER, K. J. ; REIN, FREDERICK H. ; TAYLOR, ERIC R. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 439 (1985), S. 0

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ISSN: 1749-6632

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Natural Sciences in General

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb25789.x

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Variation in developmental biology and microsatellite DNA in reproductive ecotypes of kokanee, Oncorhynchus nerka: Implications for declining populations in a large British Columbia lake (2000)

Taylor, Eric B. ; Kuiper, A. ; Troffe, P.M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Conservation genetics 1 (2000), S. 231-249

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ISSN: 1572-9737

Keywords: developmental biology ; microsatellites ; mixture analysis ; Oncorhynchus nerka ; reproductive ecotypes

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Kokanee are the nonanadromous (freshwater resident) form of sockeyesalmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) found in lake ecosystems throughoutthe North Pacific region. Kokanee commonly exhibit two reproductiveecotypes; `stream-spawners' that reproduce in streams tributary tolakes, and `beach-spawners' that reproduce on submerged lakeshore gravelbeaches. Okanagan Lake, in the southcentral interior of BritishColumbia, Canada, contains beach- and stream-spawning kokanee and bothecotypes have declined dramatically in abundance over the last 20 years.We examined developmental biology (developmental rate to hatching andemergence) and genetic divergence at eight microsatellite loci toinvestigate phenotypic and genetic differentiation between ecotypes tounderstand selective and demographic factors that might influence therecovery of depressed populations. Beach-spawning female kokanee weresmaller and produced smaller eggs than females from stream-spawningpopulations. There was no striking difference in time to 50%hatching between ecotypes, but beach-spawning kokanee developed fasterfrom hatching to emergence. Microsatellite loci were highly polymorphicin kokanee (between 5 and 23 alleles per locus) and showed significantdifferentiation among populations (average θ = 0.018). There was,however, no significant variation attributable to spawning ecotype afteraccounting for variation within ecotypes. Simulated population-mixtureanalyses indicated good potential for genetic classification of kokaneeas beach- or stream-spawners; estimated mixture proportions were within11% of actual proportions averaged over 50 replications. Our datasuggest that Okanagan Lake kokanee constitute at least two managementunits within a single watershed; the ecotypes appear adapted to distinctthermal reproductive environments and show modest moleculardifferentiation from one another. Persistence of kokanee within OkanaganLake may depend, in part, on management plans that recognize thedistinctions between the sympatric reproductive ecotypes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011553705015

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3

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Intestinal Absorption Screening of Mixtures from Combinatorial Libraries in the Caco-2 Model (1997)

Taylor, Eric W. ; Gibbons, Jacqueline A. ; Braeckman, Rene A.

Springer

Pharmaceutical research 14 (1997), S. 572-577

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ISSN: 1573-904X

Keywords: Caco-2 ; intestinal absorption ; structure-transport relationships ; structure-activity relationships (SAR) ; mixtures ; combinatorial chemistry

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Purpose. Understanding how chemical structures influence transport across the intestinal mucosa will greatly enhance the discovery of orally available drugs. In an attempt to accelerate defining such relationships between structure and transport, six arbitrary mixtures of N-substituted glycine (NSG) peptoids containing 24 physicochemically diverse compounds were evaluated in the Caco-2 model of intestinal absorption. Methods. Samples were analyzed by HPLC and the areas of the peaks representing the components of each mixture were summed to measure 'aggregate' apparent permeability coefficients (P app) a score of the influence of the common structural element within each mixture towards absorption. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the chemical structure of Caco-2 permeable compounds. Results. Three linear trimeric mixtures were examined and, for each mixture, none of the components was detected in receiver chambers. It was concluded that the components of these mixtures each had a P app value less than 0.8 × 10−6 cm/sec, a permeability less than mannitol. Three dimeric mixtures were examined and they exhibited aggregate P app values of 9.2 × 10−6 , 14 × 10−6 and 6.9 × 10−6 cm/sec. These transport rates reflected the transport of most of the components of each mixture. Furthermore, the components of the dimeric mixtures which were transported at a rate greater than mannitol were apparently transported by passive mechanisms. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that mixtures can be used to study structure-transport relationships in the Caco-2 model. The information obtained from this type of study will be integrated into the design of future chemical libraries. Other potential uses of chemical mixtures with the Caco-2 model are also discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012140709158

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4

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Species pairs of north temperate freshwater fishes: Evolution, taxonomy, and conservation (1999)

Taylor, Eric B.

Springer

Reviews in fish biology and fisheries 9 (1999), S. 299-324

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ISSN: 1573-5184

Keywords: Gasterosteus ; Oncorhynchus ; reproductive isolation ; sympatric populations ; speciation ; species concepts

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Many fish species contain morphologically, ecologically and geneticallydistinct populations that are sympatric during at least some portion oftheir life cycle. Such reproductively isolated populations act asdistinct biological species, but are identified by a common Latinbinomial. These ‘species pairs’ are particularly common in freshwaterfish families such as Salmonidae, Gasterosteidae and Osmeridae and aretypically associated with postglacial lakes in north temperateenvironments. The nature of the divergences between sympatric species,factors contributing to reproductive isolation, and modes of evolutionare reviewed with particular emphasis on benthic and limnetic pairs ofthreespine sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and anadromous(sockeye salmon) and nonanadromous (kokanee) pairs of Oncorhynchusnerka. Phylogenetic analyses typically indicate that divergencesbetween members of replicate pairs have occurred independently and,hence, particular phenotypes are not monophyletic. Consequently,taxonomic resolution of such ‘species complexes’ is a vexing problem foradherents to our traditional Linnaean classification system. Sympatricspecies pairs represent a significant component of the biodiversity oftemperate freshwater ecosystems which may be underestimated because oursystem of formal taxonomy tends to obscure diversity encompassed byspecies pairs. Conservation of such systems should be recognized as apriority without formal taxonomic designation of members of speciespairs because taxonomic resolution will likely continue to proveextremely difficult when employing traditional hierarchies andprocedures.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008955229420

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5

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Theoretical studies of nucleic acid interactions. I. Estimates of conformational mobility in intercalated chainsTaken in part from the thesis submitted by E. R. T. in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Rutgers University, 1982. (1983)

Taylor, Eric R. ; Olson, Wilma K.

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Biopolymers 22 (1983), S. 2667-2702

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ISSN: 0006-3525

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: A combined geometric and potential-energy analysis has been carried out to identify the torsional arrangements of the nucleic acid chain that can accommodate the intercalation of small planar moieties. In contrast to previous theoretical efforts, which detail local conformations after adjacent bases are positioned in space, the likely geometries are found here on the basis of the base orientations that result from all feasible combinations of the nine torsional variables of the basic dinucleotide intercalation unit. The relatively mobile nature of the sugar-phosphate backbone, together with the fairly long stretches of chemical bonds between adjacent units, is apparently responsible for the large number of feasible binding geometries. Some previously overlooked conformations with unusual sugar-puckering combinations and various phosphodiester arrangements are found in the survey. A large proportion of the energetically favored intercalation states are closely related to the backbone conformations of familiar double-helical models such as A-, B-, and Z-DNA, as well as the Watson-Crick model. Moreover, the intercalated forms are found to interconvert smoothly along a continuous conformational pathway. The intercalation structures derived from x-ray crystallographic analyses of drug-oligonucleotide complexes, in contrast, are stiff three-dimensional forms essentially frozen in a single domain of conformation space. Specific ligand-nucleic acid interactions that may be responsible for the experimental observations are not included in this study. The classical intramolecular potential energies reported here are highly approximate, providing only rough gauges of the relative importance of the many competing conformations.

Additional Material: 16 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360221213

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6

Electronic Resource

Interactions of molecules with nucleic acids. XI. Generalization of techniques to generate nucleic acid structures with applications to intercalation sites and kinked structures (1984)

Taylor, Eric R. ; Miller, Kenneth J.

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 2853-2878

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ISSN: 0006-3525

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: A generalized procedure to generate nucleic acid structures is presented. In this procedure, the bases of a base pair are oriented first for characterization of particular DNA receptor sites. The resultant sites are then used in the study of specific molecule-DNA interactions. For example, intercalation sites, kinked DNA, and twisted and tilted bases are envisioned. Alterations of structures via anti → syn orientations of bases, as well as crankshaft motion about collinear bonds, provide additional conformations without disrupting the overall backbone structure. These approaches to the generation of nucleic acid structures are envisioned as required in studies of the intercalation phenomenon, minor adjustments of DNA to accommodate denaturation, binding of carcinogens to DNA, complex formation of transition metals with DNA, and antitumor agents as ligands. For these base-pair and base orientations, backbone orientations are calculated by the AGNAS technique to yield physically meaningful conformations, namely, those conformations for which nonbonded contacts are favourable. A procedure is presented to generate dimer duplex units that are physically meaningful and to assemble these units into a polynucleotide duplex. Double helices that begin with B-DNA, undergo a transition to one of the above-mentioned receptor sites, and return to B-DNA can be assembled from a catalog of dimer duplexes. Stereographic projections of the various receptor sites already being used to model binding to DNA are presented.

Additional Material: 12 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360231211

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7

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Value beyond view: illuminating the human benefits of the ocean twilight zone (2020)

Hoagland, Porter ; Jin, Di ; Holland, Michael ; [et al.]

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Publication Date: 2022-05-26

Description: Hoagland, Porter; Jin, Di; Holland, Michael; Kostel, Ken; Taylor, Eric; Renier, Natalie; Holmes, Mark. 2019. Value beyond view: illuminating the human benefits of the ocean twilight zone. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 35 pp.

Description: The twilight zone is a fundamental part of the ocean ecosystem, playing an important role in carbon sequestration and marine food webs and supporting the natural function of many planetary processes. Ecosystem services provided by the twilight zone are highly beneficial to humans, but they occur largely out of sight and they are undervalued by society as a result. To better evaluate the benefits that the twilight zone provides, an ecosystem service framework provides a way to organize our thinking about them and even to quantify their economic value. With this information at hand, leaders and policymakers can think more carefully about what we stand to gain or lose from actions that affect the twilight zone and the broader ocean environment to which it is tightly linked, particularly as we strive for the sustainable use of marine resources. The title was changed from "Ecosystem Services of the Mesopelagic" to "Value beyond view: illuminating the human benefits of the ocean twilight zone."

Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server

Type: Other

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Variable relationship between accumulation and temperature in West Antarctica for the past 31,000 years (2016)

T. J. Fudge, Bradley R. Markle, Kurt Cuffey, Christo Buizert, Kendrick Taylor, Eric J. Steig, Edwin Waddington, Howard Conway, Michelle Koutnik

Wiley

In: Geophysical Research Letters

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Publication Date: 2016-04-05

Description: The Antarctic contribution to sea level is a balance between ice loss along the margin and accumulation in the interior. Accumulation records for the past few decades are noisy, and show inconsistent relationships with temperature. We investigate the relationship between accumulation and temperature for the past 31 ka using high-resolution records from the WAIS Divide ice core in West Antarctica. Although the glacial-interglacial increases result in high correlation and moderate sensitivity for the full record, the relationship shows considerable variability through time with high correlation and high sensitivity for the 0-8 ka period but no correlation for the 8-15 ka period. This contrasts with a general circulation model simulation which shows homogeneous sensitivities between temperature and accumulation across the entire time period. These results suggest that variations in atmospheric circulation are an important driver of Antarctic accumulation but they are not adequately captured in model simulations. Model-based projections of future Antarctic accumulation, and its impact on sea level, should be treated with caution.

Print ISSN: 0094-8276

Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007

Topics: Geosciences , Physics