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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmium tetraoxide cis hydroxylation of unsaturated substrates (1980)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemical reviews 80 (1980), S. 187-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6890
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr60324a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IRE1- and HAC1-independent transcriptional regulation in the unfolded protein response of yeast (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 49 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a signalling pathway leading to transcriptional activation of genes that protect cells from accumulation of unfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In yeast, the only known ER stress signalling pathway originates at the type I transmembrane protein kinase/endoribonuclease Ire1p. Ire1p regulates synthesis of the basic leucine-zipper (bZIP)-containing transcription factor Hac1p by controlling splicing of HAC1 mRNA. Only spliced HAC1 mRNA (HAC1i) is translated, and Hac1ip activates transcription of genes that contain a conserved UPR element (UPRE) in their promoters. Here, we demonstrate that in addition to this well-understood ER stress signalling pathway, a second, IRE1, HAC1 and UPRE-independent mechanism for transcriptional activation upon ER stress, exists in yeast. A genetic screen identified recessive SIN4 alleles as suppressors of a defective UPR in ire1Δ strains. Elevation of basal transcription in sin4 strains or by tethering the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme with LexAp-holoenzyme component fusion proteins to a promoter allowed for activation of the promoter by ER stress in an IRE1, HAC1 and UPRE-independent manner. We propose that this novel second ER-to-nucleus signal transduction pathway culminates in core promoter activation (CPA) through stimulation of RNA polymerase II holoenzyme activity. Core promoter activation was observed upon diverse cellular stresses, suggesting it represents a primordial stress-induced gene activation mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03585.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bis(1,4,7-trithiacyclononane-S,S′,S′′)nickel(II) dibromide tetrahydrate (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. m376-m377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The NiII centre in the cation of the title compound, [Ni(C6H12S3)2]Br2·4H2O, occupies a crystallographic inversion centre and is octahedrally coordinated by six S-donors from two [9]aneS3 ligands. Ni—S distances range from 2.3749 (16) to 2.4077 (15) Å and S—Ni—S angles where both thia donors belong to the same ligand lie in a narrow range between 88.09 (5) and 88.67 (6)°. The water molecules participate in extensive hydrogen bonding with each other and with the Br− anions to form double chains with eight- and 12-membered hydrogen-bonded rings running along the crystallographic a direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801011187
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    catena-Poly[[trans-dichlorocopper(II)]-μ-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexathiacyclooctadecane-S1:S10] (2001)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 36-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the title complex, [CuCl2(C12H24S6)]n, the CuCl2 unit and the ligand lie on and about inversion centres, respectively. The coordination geometry at CuII is a tetragonally elongated octahedron with the equatorial positions occupied by two chlorides, Cu—Cl 2.2786 (12) Å, and two S donors, Cu—S 2.3710 (13) Å. The apical positions of the octahedron are defined by two S donors at distances of 2.8261 (14) Å from the metal. The macrocyclic ligand adopts a very puckered and distorted conformation. Eight of the 18 torsion angles are less than 90° and all S-donors are oriented exo to the ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270100014475
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tris(2-succinimidoethyl)amine hydrate (1/0.075) (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o690-o691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, C18H24N4O6·0.075H2O, (I), was prepared as part of a research programme to prepare and identify new tripodal ligands which exhibit instability at low pH, thereby releasing coordinated metal cations under such conditions. Each molecule lies on a crystallographic threefold axis with the three arms arranged in the form of a claw. Angles within the five-membered succinimide ring, where the r.m.s. deviation of the five atoms from the least-squares ring plane is only 0.004 Å, vary from 104.8 (3)° at a methylene C atom to 112.7 (3)° at the formally sp2 N atom. The structure contains a partially occupied disordered water molecule, the source of which is presumably the water produced as a by-product of the synthetic reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801011047
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    trans-Dichloro(meso-2,3,7,11,12-pentamethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene-κ4N3,7,11,17)rhodium(III) hexafluorophosphate (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. m459-m461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the title compound, [RhCl2(C18H32N4)]PF6, the RhIII ion lies at the centre of a distorted octahedron of two axial chloride and four equatorial aza ligands. Within estimated error, the complex cation possesses non-crystallographic mirror symmetry. The Rh—Cl distances of 2.345 (3) and 2.349 (3) Å are equivalent, as are the three Rh—Nsp3 distances [mean 2.145 (7) Å]. The Rh—Nsp2 distance is much shorter at 1.964 (7) Å, reflecting the different hybridization of this donor atom. The four N atoms are not coplanar, and the metal ion lies out of the N4 plane by 0.013 (3) Å, suggesting that, with an ionic radius of 0.805 Å, the RhIII ion is somewhat large for the macrocyclic cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801014568
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hexakis(dimethyl sulfoxide)nickel(II) dinitrate dimethyl sulfoxide disolvate (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. m556-m557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, [Ni(C2H6OS)6](NO3)2·2C2H6OS, comprises centrosymmetric [Ni(dmso)6]2+ cations, nitrate anions and non-coordinated dimethyl sulfoxide solvent molecules. The octahedral geometry of the cation is very regular, with Ni—O interatomic distances and O—Ni—O interatomic angles falling within narrow ranges 2.0485 (9)–2.0665 (9) Å and 89.12 (4)–93.27 (4)°, respectively. Two weak C—H...O hydrogen-bonding contacts link cations and anions to form a chain which lies along the [111] direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536801016403
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein nichtkommutativer konvexer Bewertungsring ohne konfinalen Schiefkörper (1989)
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 53 (1989), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01198563
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous production ofl-lactic acid from whey permeate by immobilizedLactobacillus casei subsp.casei (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 34 (1991), S. 573-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The production of l-lactic acid from whey permeate, a waste product of the dairy industry, by fermentation with the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei was investigated. A fermentation medium consisting of permeate and supplements, which enables exponential growth of the organisms, was developed. A fast method for determination of free and immobilized biomass in solid-rich media, based on measurement of cellular ATP, was evolved. Continuous fermentations in a stirred tank reactor (STR) and in a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) with immobilized biomass were compared. In the STR a volumetric productivity of 5.5 g/l per hour at 100% substrate conversion [dilution rate (D) = 0.22 h−1] was determined. In the FBR porous sintered glass beads were used for immobilization and a maximum biomass concentration of 105 g/kg support was measured. A productivity of 10 g/l per hour was obtained at D = 0.4 h−1 (substrate conversion 93%) and of 13.5 g/l per hour at D = 1.0 h−1 (substrate conversion 50%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167901
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ruthenium complexes of thioether/oxa ionophores: the synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structures of [RuCl2(PPh3)2([15]aneS2O3)], [RuCl(PPh3)([18]aneS2O4)2]PF6, [RuCl(p-MeC6H4 i-Pr)([15]-aneS2O3)]PF6, [RuCl(C6H6)([18]aneS2O4)]X (X = PF6 or BPh4) and [Ru(C5H5)(PPh3)([18]aneS2O4)PF6, ([15]aneS2O3 = 1,4,7-trioxa-10,13-dithiacyclopentadecane; [18]aneS2O4 = 1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13,16-dithiacyclooctadecane) (1995)
    Springer
    Transition metal chemistry 20 (1995), S. 600-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-901X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Reaction of [RuCl2(PPh3)3] with one molar equivalent of [15]aneS2O3 yields the complex [RuCl2(PPh3)2 ([15]aneS2O3)]. Reaction of two equivalents of [15]-aneS2O3 or [18]aneS2O4 with [RuCl2(PPh3)3] yields the complex cations [RuCl(PPh3) ([15]aneS2O3)2]+ and [RuCl(PPh3)([18]aneS2O4)2]+, respectively. The complex [RuCl2(PPh3)2([15]aneS2O3)]·1/2Et2O shows RuII in an octahedral Cl2S2P2 environment: 600-01(1), 2.4447(15); 600-02(2), 2.4154(15); 600-03(1), 2.4085(15); 600-04(4), 2.4215(16); 600-05(1), 2.3775(6); and 600-06(2), 2.3640(15) Å. The phosphine ligands are mutually cis and in common with the thioether S-donors of the macrocycle occupy equatorial binding sites; the Cl− ligands are in apical positions. The complex [RuCl(PPh3)([18]aneS2O4)] PF6·1/2EtOH shows the RuII in an octahedral ClS4P environment: 600-07, 2.441(6); 600-08, 2.340(5); 600-09(1), 2.387(5); 600-10(4), 2.389(6); 600-11(1′), 2.348(6); and 600-12(4′), 2.438(6) Å. The Cl− and PPh3 ligands adopt a cis configuration in contrast to the reported analogous [15]aneS2O3 complex which shows a trans configuration. 31P-n.m.r. spectroscopic studies show the presence of two geometric isomers in both cases. Reactions of [18]aneS2O4 with [Ru2Cl4(C6H6)2] and [Ru(Cp)Cl(PPh3)2] yields the complexes [RuCl(C6H6)-([18]aneS2O4)]+ and [RuCp(PPh3)([18]aneS2O4)]+, respectively. The complex [RuCl(C6H6)([18]aneS2O4)]-PF6 shows the Cl− ligand and the two thioether S-donors of [18]aneS2O4 coordinated to the [Ru(C6H6)] fragment: 600-13, 2.416(2); 600-14(1), 2.382(5); and 600-15(4), 2.377(5) Å. The single crystal structure of [RuCl(C6H6)-([18]aneS2O4)]BPh4 shows a similar geometry around the RuII ion: 600-16, 2.411(6); 600-17(1), 2.384(6); and 600-18(4), 2.369(6) Å. [Ru(C5H5)(PPh3)([18]ane-S2O4)]PF6 shows the PPh3 ligand and [18]aneS2O4 coordinated to the pseudo-octahedral RuII fragment: 600-19, 2.3126(17); 600-20(1), 2.3793(17); and 600-21(4), 2.3587(19) Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136428
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