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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration of Industrial Food and Beverage Yeasts by Recombinant DNA Technology (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 646 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb18574.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High viscosity vesicles of yeast separated at p H 4 have surface glycoprotein (1978)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 273 (1978), S. 682-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We used the procedure described by Fuhrmann et al.2 for the isolation of plasma membrane vesicles capable of galactose transport. A 5,000g pellet from mechanically disrupted cells was resuspended at 1 mg protein ml"1 in ice cold osmotic stabiliser (400mMKCl, lmMMgCl2, 20 mM tri-ethanolamine). The ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/273682a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLP-FRT mediated intrachromosomal recombination on a tandemly duplicated YEp integrant at the ILV2 locus of chromosome XIII in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; 2μm FRT duplication ; Intrachromosomal recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A YEp chimaeric plasmid carrying SMR1 and URA3 genetic markers was integrated into chromosome XIII at the ilv2-Δ1 locus in a [cir°] background. The 1.5 kb BglII deletion of ilv2-Δ1 allowed the clear identification of an integrant structure which consisted of a direct tandem duplication (TD) of the chimaeric plasmid. Within the integrant structure, a single copy of the plasmid sequence was flanked by a direct duplication of the 2μm site-specific recombinase (FLP) recognition target (FRT). Isogenic [cir°] and [cir +] diploids formed by crossing the [cir°] TD strain to complementary haploids were analyzed for plasmid marker loss and chromosomal DNA alterations in the presence and absence of selection pressure for the URA3 and SMR1 plasmid borne markers. [cir°] diploids showed no plasmid marker loss and maintained the TD structure. In the absence of selection pressure, the [cir +] diploid underwent FLP-FRT mediated unequal interchromatid recombination, resulting in the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle and homozygotization of chromosome XIII (Rank et al. 1988). Maintenance of selection pressure for the centromere distal plasmid URA3 marker selected against FLP-FRT interchromatid recombinants so that the effects of site specific recombinase on intrachromatid recombination could be evaluated. Intrachromatid recombination at the directly duplicated FRT sites of the TD structure resulted in the loss of a diagnostic internal fragment. These results show that in the presence of FLP, FRT sites separated by up to 13.3 kb of chromosomal DNA function as substrates for intra and interchromatid recombination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435456
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLP recombinase induction of the breakage-fusion-bridge cycle and gene conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; FLP-FRT ; BFBC ; Gene conversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A YEp chimaeric plasmid containing URA3 and SMR1 [sulfometuron methyl resistant (SMR) allele of ILV2] as selectable markers, and the 2 μm site-specific recombination FLP recognition target (FRT), was integrated at the ilv2-Δ1 site in chromosome XIII in a cir°] haploid. Southern analysis defined two integrant structures. Structure I had URA3 distal and SMR1 proximal to FRT whereas in structure II both markers were distal to FRT. Selectable markers were stably inherited in [cir°] haploids and [cir°] diploids heterozygous for the integrant and ILV2. Approximately 14% of heterozygous [cir +] diploid cells exhibited homozygotization for the distal (500 kb) ade4 marker in trans. In [cir +] diploids FLP-FRT recombination resulted in the simultaneous loss of both structure II markers, whereas the structure I distal URA3 marker loss always preceded the variable loss of the proximal SMR1 marker. URA− cells continued to segregate for loss of SMR1 until stable URA− SMR or URA−SMS cells were produced. Gene conversion was identified in stable URA−SMR cells that were homozygous SMR1/SMR1 but contained wild type ILV2 restriction endonuclease sites. These observations support a model based on concerted FLP-FRT action resulting from the secondary integration of native 2 μm DNA followed by unequal sister chromatid exchange (USCE) within inverted FRTs. The resultant chromatid bridge resulted in a double-stand break. Fusion of the broken ends of sister chromatids generated a breakage-fusion-bridge cycle (BFBC). Repeated rounds of the BFBC resulted in proximal marker loss and the generation of additional double-strand breaks. Recombinogenic properties of the double-strand break initiated events leading to homozygotization and gene conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00424420
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphism within the nuclear and 2μm genomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Bakers' and lager yeast ; Chromosomal and 2 μm DNA polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seven strains of bakers' yeast were obtained as a representative sample of the Spanish baking industry. The nuclear genome was monitored for polymorphism by transverse alternating field electrophoresis (TAFE) and restriction maps of 2 μm DNA were produced. All seven strains were uniquely different when evaluated by their total chromosomal lengths whereas only two 2 μm variants were defined. There was no apparent correlation between chromosomal and plasmid polymorphism. The extensive chromosomal polymorphism within one 2 μm DNA type indicates the rapid and relatively recent evolution of the nuclear genome. The hybrid origin (S. cerevisiae-S.monacensis) of lager yeast was critically evaluated by TAFE analysis of S. cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis chromosomes. The absence of corresponding S. cerevisiae chromosomes III and XIII in S. carlsbergensis argued against the hybrid origin of lager strains. We discuss limitations of the hybrid origin hypothesis of industrial yeasts and propose that the molecular coevolution observed in 2 μm DNA serves as a useful additional mechanism for rationalization of some of the structural polymorphism of the nuclear genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326231
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisense RNA regulation of the ILV2 gene in yeast: a correction (1994)
    Springer
    Current genetics 25 (1994), S. 289-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Inducible antisense gene ; Acetolactate synthase ; Bradytrophic phenocopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A previous report of the use of antisense RNA to regulate gene expression in yeast is incorrect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357175
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A transient duplication of the acetolactate synthase gene in a cell culture of Datura innoxia (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 417-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gene amplification ; Datura ; Sulfonylurea resistance ; Plant cell culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A 2.0 kb fragment of the yeast ILV2 gene, which codes for the target enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS) of the herbicide chlorsulfuron, was shown to hybridize to the nuclear DNA of a haploid cell culture of Datura innoxia P. Mill. Nuclear DNA of a chlorsulfuron resistant line of D. innoxia, CSR6, gave a prominent 2.65 kb band when cleaved by either EcoRI or HindIII. The 2.65 kb band has been shown to hybridize with the yeast ILV2 probe. A herbicide resistant line descended from CSR6 by continuous culture resulted in the loss of the 2.65 kb restriction fragment. These observations suggest that CSR6 resulted from a large tandem duplication of the ALS gene and that a point mutation for herbicide resistance in an ALS gene repeat unit of the duplication was selected during subsequent growth of the resistant line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289814
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Revertants of pleiotropic cross resistance and collateral sensitivity in yeast: A multivariate analysis (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 167 (1979), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five different selective media (Table 2) were used to isolate revertants of a pleiotropic cross resistant and collaterally sensitive strain of yeast. Of the 2676 revertants isolated, 1542 were visually classified as complete revertants, 238 as dauermodifications and 896 as partial revertants. Growth of the 896 partial revertants was evaluated on 24 diagnostic media (Table 1). Multivariate classification of revertant growth (Fig. 1) arranged the revertants into 9 groups and the media into two major groups (Table 4). The identification of two groups of media was consistent with the notion of a single gene alteration of mitochondrial and plasma membrane function in the original mutant strain. The 9 revertant groups had phenotypes suggesting pseudo-wild type (1 group), pseudo-mutant type (2 groups), loss of collateral sensitivity (2 groups), loss of cross resistance (1 group) and loss of different aspects of the resistance phenotype (3 groups). One of the latter 3 groups had a phenotype similar to strains reported by Guerineau et al. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 61, 462) to be deficient in 2 μ DNA. The five media used to select revertants enriched for different groups within the 9 different groups of revertants (Table 5). The multivariate analyses used in this paper would be of general use in the analysis of other complex pleiotropic phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267424
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of multiple drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Linkage to leu1 and analyses of 2 μm DNA in partial revertants (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 175 (1979), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inheritance and phenotype of multiple drug resistance in independent multiple drug resistant mutants, two isolated in this laboratory (GR359 and 2–20), and two (DRI 9/T7 and DRI 9/T8) reported by Guerineau et al. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 61,462), was investigated. Comparison of resistance to 12 selected drugs showed that the resistance phenotypes of all mutants were similar, although some differences in levels of resistance of each mutant was observed with certain drugs. Mapping of the resistance loci in GR359 and 2–20 revealed tight linkage of both resistance genes to the centromere linked gene leu1. 2 μm DNA was analysed by hybridization of 2 μm RNA to EcoRI fragments of a total DNA extract. Eight partial revertants of 2–20, which had been chosen as having a phenotype similar to the 2 μm DNA deficient [cir o] isolate DRI 9/t7, revealed the presence of 2 μm DNA. The lack of detectable 2 μm DNA in DRI 9/t7 was confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267854
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single gene alteration of plasma and mitochondrial membrane function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1977)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 152 (1977), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Some physiological properties of a multiple-drug-resistant mutant with a permeability barrier to chloramphenicol and its isogenic parental strain were compared. The ATPase specific activity of plasma and mitochondrial membranes isolated from the mutant strain was approximately 20% lower (P(0.001, Tables 1 and 2) than that of membranes isolated from the isogenic parental strain. Additional evidence of altered mitochondrial function was: (i) the enhanced growth of the parental strain was eliminated by the [rho-] state (Table 3); (ii) the mutant strain had a greater resistance to petite induction by ethidium bromide (Table 4); (iii) the mutant strain was unable to use a nonfermentable energy source for respiratory adaptation (Table 5). It is proposed that a single gene mutation has resulted in an alteration of some physiological properties of the plasma and mitochondrial membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264934
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