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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and evaluation of DNA-targeted spatially separated bis(aniline mustards) as potential alkylating agents with enhanced DNA cross-linking capability (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 34 (1991), S. 240-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00105a038
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence-selective alkylation and cross-linking induced by mitomycin C upon activation by DT-diaphorase (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 5518-5525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00072a005
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite amplitude stability of attachment line boundary layers (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 10 (1998), S. 2228-2237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two-dimensional nonlinear equilibrium solutions for the swept Hiemenz flow attachment line boundary layer are directly computed by solving the full Navier-Stokes equations as a nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The equations are discretized using the two-point fourth order compact scheme and the resulting nonlinear homogeneous equations are solved using the Newton-Raphson iteration technique. It is found that for Reynolds numbers larger than the linear critical Reynolds number of 583, the nonlinear neutral surfaces form open curves. The results showed that the subcritical instability exists near the upper branch neutral curve and supercritical equilibrium solutions exist near the lower branch. These conclusions are in agreement with the weakly nonlinear theory. However, at higher amplitudes away from the linear neutral points the nonlinear neutral surfaces show subcritical instability at lower and higher wave number regions. At Reynolds numbers lower than the critical value, the nonlinear neutral surfaces form closed loops. By reducing the Reynolds number, we found that the nonlinear critical point occurs at a Reynolds number of 511.3, below which all the two-dimensional disturbances will decay. The secondary instability of these equilibrium solutions is investigated using the Floquet theory. The results showed that these two-dimensional finite amplitude neutral solutions are unstable to three-dimensional disturbances. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869744
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of cationic stoichiometry of La1−xSrxCoO3 electrodes on the ferroelectric properties of lead based thin film memory elements (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 1617-1624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In earlier publications, we have demonstrated that La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 electrodes dramatically improve the phase stability and electrical properties of lead based ferroelectric capacitors. This study evaluates the influence of deviation from the cationic stoichiometry, La/Sr=1, on the ferroelectric properties. Polycrystalline Pb(Nb0.04Zr0.18Ti0.78)O3 based capacitors were fabricated with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 as the bottom electrode and either La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 or La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 as the top electrode. The as-grown capacitors with La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 as the top electrode were slightly asymmetric about the voltage axis. However, the asymmetry did not increase when the capacitors were subjected to single side pulses and temperature. Both capacitor structures showed good fatigue (no fatigue up to 1011 cycles), retention, and imprint characteristics. Detailed pulse width and voltage dependent measurements were also carried out to further understand the impact of the change in electrode composition. The polarization values at 1 μs pulse width were as large as 13 μC/cm2, though the dependence was steeper for capacitors with asymmetric electrodes. The resistance to switching during polarization reversal, formally termed activation field, α, was measured from the switching current dependence of the applied field. These values were slightly larger for the capacitors with asymmetric electrodes. The data indicate that the ferroelectric properties of the capacitor are almost not influenced by a change of the top electrode from La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 to La0.85Sr0.15CoO3.© 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366874
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of polarization loss in (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O3 thin film capacitors (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 3300-3302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report results of high-speed polarization relaxation measurements in ferroelectric thin film capacitors. Polarization relaxation has been reported to occur in two distinct time regimes, one for relaxation times in the range of a few milliseconds and a second for longer relaxation times. We find that the polarization relaxation in the first regime is governed by at least two different physical processes, namely depoling fields and the activation field for switching. Using prototypical epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 and Pb0.9La0.1Zr0.2Ti0.8O3 test capacitors, we demonstrate the effect of film microstructure and switching speed on the relaxation dynamics in the first regime. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121630
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation field of ferroelectric (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 thin film capacitors (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2211-2213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report results on the activation field and frequency dependence of the coercive voltage in epitaxial ferroelectric thin film capacitors. Frequency dependent hysteresis loops and pulse width dependent polarization of epitaxial La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 capacitor structures were measured as a function of La content. The coercive voltages and their frequency dependence vary systematically with increasing La content. We show that the activation field for polarization reversal is directly related to the c/a ratio (tetragonality ratio) of the ferroelectric layer. A larger c/a ratio leads to a larger field to activate the motion of domain walls through the lattice. An important consequence of a larger activation field is a stronger pulse width dependence of the pulse switched polarization. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119383
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pasteurization of Fresh Orange Juice Using Gamma Irradiation: Microbiological, Flavor, and Sensory Analyses (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Recent concern about the presence of disease-causing bacteria in unpasteurized juice has highlighted the need to develop alternative means of pathogen control that preserve sensory properties and nutrient content. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of different doses of gamma irradiation on reducing the microbial pathogens L. monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica in fresh orange juice, and to determine whether significant reduction could be achieved without compromising sensory qualities. While irradiation was effective in destroying pathogens, the development of off flavors precludes its use as an alternative processing technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb10311.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Low-dose Gamma Irradiation on the Shelf Life and Quality Characteristics of Cut Romaine Lettuce Packaged under Modified Atmosphere (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cut romaine lettuce, packaged under modified atmosphere, was subjected to 0.15 and 0.35 kGy gamma irradiation. Irradiation at 0.35 kGy decreased aerobic plate counts by 1.5 logs and yeast and mold counts by 1 log; these differences were maintained through the 22-d storage. Irradiation at 0.15 kGy caused smaller reductions in microbial counts. A decrease in headspace CO2 was observed in the 0.35-kGy-treated lettuce, although CO2 concentrations increased in all samples with storage. O2 concentration was not affected by irradiation. Ten percent loss in firmness was observed at 0.35 kGy, while other sensory attributes such as color, generation of off-flavor, and appearance of visual defects were not affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16046.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Exogenous Calcium Salt Treatments on Inhibiting Irradiation-Induced Softening in Diced Roma Tomatoes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Freshly diced tomatoes were dipped into either 0.2% or 1% calcium chloride or 2% calcium lactate solution and exposed to γ-irradiation at 1.25 kGy. With increasing levels of calcium, firmness was enhanced, water-soluble pectin was decreased, and oxalate-soluble pectin was increased. Irradiation decreased instrumental firmness in all samples; however, the 1% calcium chloride and 2% calcium lactate-dipped samples remained firmer than the water-dipped control. Irradiation alone did not have a significant impact on pectic substances. Trained sensory panelists did not detect a significant loss of firmness due to irradiation in the calcified tomatoes, but some judges detected a change in flavor following the calcium dips.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb07041.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-beam Irradiation Preserves the Quality of White Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Slices (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The effect of electron-beam irradiation on microbial counts, color, texture, and enzyme activity of mushroom slices was evaluated at dose levels of 0.5, 1, 3.1, and 5.2-kGy. Irradiation levels above 0.5 kGy reduced total plate counts, yeast and mold, and psychrotrophic counts to below detectable levels and prevented micro-bial-induced browning. Firmness of all samples was similar during storage except for the 5.2-kGy sample. Color was preserved by irradiation as evidenced by the higher L values. Electron-beam irradiation at these levels did not affect the polyphenol oxidase activity. Irradiation at 1 kGy was most effective in extending shelf-life of mushroom slices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb17882.x
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