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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of nitrile oxides through O-metalation of hydroximoyl chlorides. Chelation-controlled syn-selective cycloaddition of nitrile oxides to α-substituted allyl alcohols
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 32 (1991), S. 6367-6370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0040-4039(91)80171-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging studies of evaporated ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 4040-4048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A study of the aging characteristics of evaporated ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices is undertaken by monitoring the capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics at various temperatures as a function of aging time. Short-term ACTFEL aging is characterized by a rigid shift in the C-V curve to higher turn-on voltage with aging time. Additionally, the insulator and phosphor capacitances are found to be independent of aging time, the internal phosphor threshold voltage increases slightly with aging time, and the conduction and polarization charges are observed to decrease with aging time. The activation energy for ACTFEL aging is estimated to be about 0.2 eV. These experimental observations lead to a picture for ACTFEL aging in which atomic rearrangement at insulator/phosphor interfaces gives rise to the formation of deep level, fixed charge states. Transported electrons subsequently trapped in these deep levels reduce the amount of charge available for conduction with a concomitant reduction in the polarization charge. The reduction in the polarization charge is responsible for the observed increase in the turn-on voltage with aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350828
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of x-ray emission computed tomography for ICF research : Eighth topical conference on high−temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 2783-2785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A computed tomographic (CT) technique has been developed to diagnose laser-irradiated spherical targets using x-ray emissions. The three-dimensional (3-D) x-ray distribution was reconstructed by using an algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) from x-ray pinhole camera images obtained along different sight directions. 3-D distributions of electron temperature and density were measured by use of an absorption filter technique. Time-resolved 3-D x-ray emission images from an imploding hollow shell target were reconstructed with less than 100 ps temporal resolution by using x-ray multiframing cameras.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141830
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-self-similar behavior of the von Neumann reflection (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 1869-1877 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The purpose of the present paper is to consider the von Neumann reflection (vNR) which takes place for a small incident shock Mach number and a small wedge angle. A series of experiments has been performed with ordinary smooth straight wedges and step-like wedges that simulate the former. The reflection configuration over the step-like wedge has suggested unsteady characteristics of the vNR. Contrary to the established notion of shock reflection phenomena over straight wedges, while the triple point trajectory was approximately a straight line through the apex of the wedge, the vNR showed unsteadiness in the relation between angles of incidence and reflection (ωi,ωr), and thus the flow-field proved to be non-self-similar near the triple point. Based on the measured values, the incident angle for the reflected wave and the Mach number of the flow ahead of the reflected wave were estimated. These values show that the reflected wave is not a Mach wave, but it moves on the (ωi,ωr)-plane almost along a trivial solution. In particular, the flow Mach number ahead of the reflected wave approaches unity, which leads to analytical formulas for angles of incidence and reflection as functions of the incident shock Mach number only. The reflected wave degenerates to a normal Mach wave as the incident shock proceeds. In the case of the vNR, the von Neumann paradox takes place only at an early stage of reflection, and the paradox is resolved later, since the flow properties such as angles of incidence and reflection are given by the trivial solution which is a particular solution for the three-shock theory. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870433
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion cyclotron range of frequency heating experiments on the large helical device and high energy ion behavior : The 42nd annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the American Physical Society and the 10th international congress on plasma physics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 2139-2147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating experiments on the Large Helical Device (LHD) [O. Motojima et al. Fus. Eng. Des. 20, 3 (1993)] achieved significant advances during the third experimental campaign carried out in 1999. They showed significant results in two heating modes; these are modes of the ICH-sustained plasma with large plasma stored energy and the neutral beam injection (NBI) plasma under additional heating. A long-pulse operation of more than 1 minute was achieved at a level of 1 MW. The characteristics of the ICRF heated plasma are the same as those of the NBI heated plasma. The energy confinement time is longer than that of International Stellarator Scaling 95. Three keys to successful ICRF heating are as follows: (1) an increase in the magnetic field strength, (2) the employment of an inward shift of the magnetic axis, (3) the installation of actively cooled graphite plates along the divertor legs. Highly energetic protons accelerated by the ICRF electric field were experimentally observed in the energy range from 30 to 250 keV and the tail temperature depended on the energy balance between the wave heating and the electron drag. The transfer efficiency from the high energy ions to the bulk plasma was deduced from the increase in the energy confinement time due to the high energy ions in the lower density discharge, which agrees fairly well with the result obtained by the Monte Carlo simulation. The transfer efficiency is expected to be 95% at an electron density of more than ne=5.0×1019 m−3 even in the high power heating of 10 MW. The accumulation of impurities, e.g., FeXVI and OV was not observed in high rf power and long pulse operation. The well-defined divertor intrinsic to LHD is believed to be useful in reducing the impurity influx. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1354152
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and deterioration mechanisms of low-resistance TaTi ohmic contacts for p-GaN (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 5079-5084 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrated in our previous paper [Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 275 (1999)] that TaTi contacts annealed at temperature of 800 °C provided a specific contact resistance (ρc) of around 3×10−5 Ω cm2 for p-GaN epilayers with hole concentration of 7.0×1017 cm−3. The reduction of the contact resistances was believed to be due to reactivation of Mg atoms doped in the GaN epilayer by removing H. In the present article, diffusion behavior of hydrogen atoms in the p-GaN was extensively studied by secondary-ion mass spectroscopy and correlated with the electrical properties of the TaTi contacts. It was found that formation of the low-resistance TaTi ohmic contacts was well explained by diffusion behavior of hydrogen in the p-GaN. Although the deterioration rates of the TaTi contacts during low temperature storage after ohmic contact formation were coincident with the diffusion rates of hydrogen atoms in the GaN, the deterioration mechanism could not be explained simply by hydrogen release from the TaTi contacts into the GaN. We believe that selection of a contact metal which would remove the hydrogen without inducing crystalline defects in the GaN after the metal and GaN reaction is a key to prepare highly reliable, low-resistance ohmic contacts for p-GaN. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371483
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic pulse compressor using saturable transformer to excite excimer lasers (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 2138-2140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: To reduce the load on switching elements in the excitation circuit of excimer lasers, a new circuit has been developed to study the basic characteristics, where a saturable transformer is utilized in the magnetic pulse compressor. We have used a saturable transformer with a winding ratio of 1:4. The initial pulse of 8.5 kV, 2.0 kA, 3 μs was transferred to the output pulse of 34 kV, 8 kA, 109 ns, with an energy-transfer efficiency of 58%. Using a saturable inductor as a charging inductor, furthermore, we have succeeded in reduction of the prepulse of the output voltage and enhancement of the energy-transfer efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143180
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor Inhibitors. XV. The Structure and Configuration of Cissampareine, a Novel Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid2,3 (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 88 (1966), S. 4212-4218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00970a019
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of surface charges on dielectric electrodes in a radio-frequency glow discharge (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 985-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A radio-frequency glow discharge between dielectric electrodes is observed by spatiotemporal optical emission spectroscopy. No emission from an excited Ar ion is observed in the dielectric electrode discharge, but it is observed in a discharge with metallic electrodes under the same external conditions. On the other hand, marked excitation of Ar(3p5) on the driven dielectric is observed. The maximum of the spatiotemporal net excitation rate profile is larger and the amplitude of the current is smaller compared with the discharge sustained by metallic electrodes. These differences are attributed to the effect of surface charge on the dielectric. The dielectric immersed in the discharge is exposed to the ion and electron fluxes, and is charged negatively to balance both fluxes. The accumulated charge on the dielectric is estimated by a capacitor in series with the grounded electrode. As a result, the surface charge affects the field just in front of the dielectric and enhances excitation and ionization. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358945
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micro-hydrogenation unit (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 2407-2408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50050a030
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