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  • 1
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The oncoprotein of simian virus-40, SV40 large T-antigen (Tag), is reported to target and to inactivate growth suppressive proteins such as the retinoblastoma family1–3 and p53 (ref. 4, 5), leading to transformation of human cell lines in vitro, tumor production in rodents6, and detection of ...
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] We found that simian virus 40 (SV40) induces mesotheliomas in hamsters1 and that 60% of human mesotheiiomas contain and express SV40 sequences2, results now confirmed by others [ref. 3–5, and presentations by D. Griffiths & R. Weiss, F. Galateau-SallÈ, and H.I.P. at ...
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Hypertrophic growth is a risk factor for mortality in heart diseases. Mechanisms are lacking for this global increase in RNA and protein per cell, which underlies hypertrophy. Hypertrophic signals cause phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain, required for transcript elongation. ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    De economist 83 (1934), S. 303-305 
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor suppressor gene ; retinoblastoma gene ; Rb2/p130 ; pocket protein ; nuclear phosphoprotein ; E1A oncoprotein ; cell cycle ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The Rb2/p130 protein has been shown to have a high sequence homology with the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb), one of the most well-characterized tumor suppressor genes, and with pRb-related p107, especially in their conserved pocket domains, which display a primary role in the function of these proteins. In this study, we report on the biochemical and immunocytochemical characterization of the Rb2/p130 protein, using a polyclonal antibody developed against its “spacer” region included in the pocket domain of the whole protein. We show that pRb/p130 is a phosphoprotein located at the nuclear level and that its phosphorylation pathway can be dramatically reduced by phosphatase treatment. Moreover pRb/p130, with p107, with p107, is one of the major targets of the E1A viral oncoprotein-associated kinase activity, showing a phosphorylation pattern which is modulated during the cell cycle, reaching a peak of activation at the onset of S-phase. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: cell cycle control ; H4 gene promoter ; G1/S phase transition point ; CDP/cut ; interferon regulatory factor 2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The histone H4 gene promoter provides a paradigm for defining transcriptional control operative at the G1/S phase transition point in the cell cycle. Transcription of the cell cycle-dependent histone H4 gene is upregulated at the onset of S phase, and the cell cycle control element that mediates this activation has been functionally mapped to a proximal promoter domain designated Site II. Activity of Site II is regulated by an E2F-independent mechanism involving binding of the oncoprotein IRF2 and the multisubunit protein HiNF-D, which contains the homeodomain CDP/cut, CDC2, cyclin A, and the tumor suppressor pRb. To address mechanisms that define interactions of Site II regulatory factors with this cell cycle control element, we have investigated these determinants of transcriptional regulation at the G1/S phase transition in FDC-P1 hematopoietic progenitor cells. The representation and activities of histone gene regulatory factors were examined as a function of FDC-P1 growth stimulation. We find striking differences in expression of the pRb-related growth regulatory proteins (pRb/p105, pRb2/p130, and p107) following the onset of proliferation. pRb2/p130 is present at elevated levels in quiescent cells and declines following growth stimulation. By contrast, pRb and p107 are minimally represented in quiescent FDC-P1 cells but are upregulated at the G1/S phase transition point. We also observe a dramatic upregulation of the cellular levels of pRb2/p130-associated protein kinase activity when S phase is initiated. Selective interactions of pRb and p107 with CDP/cut are observed during the FDC-P1 cell cycle and suggest functional linkage to competency for DNA binding and/or transcriptional activity. These results are particularly significant in the context of hematopoietic differentiation where stringent control of the cell cycle program is requisite for expanding the stem cell population during development and tissue renewal. J. Cell. Biochem. 66:512-523, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: retinoblastoma family ; pRb ; p107 ; pRb2/p130 ; neuroblastoma ; differentiation ; B-myb ; c-myb ; E2F ; promoter ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Neuroblastoma cells can undergo neural differentiation upon treatment with a variety of chemical inducers and growth factors. During this process, many cell cycle-related genes are downregulated while differentiation-specific genes are triggered. The retinoblastoma family proteins, pRb, p107, and pRb2/p130, are involved in transcriptional repression of proliferation genes, mainly through their interaction with the E2F transcription factors. We report that pRb2/p130 expression levels increased during differentiation of neuroblastoma cell line LAN-5. On the other hand, both pRb and p107 decreased and underwent progressive dephosphorylation at late differentiation times. The expression of B-myb and c-myb, two targets of the retinoblastoma family proteins, were downregulated in association with the increase of pRb2/p130, which was detected as the major component of the complex with E2F on the E2F site of the B-myb promoter in differentiated cells. Interestingly, E2F4, a preferential partner of p107 and pRb2/p130, was upregulated and underwent changes in cellular localization during differentiation. In conclusion, our data suggest a major role of pRb2/p130 in the regulation of B-myb promoter during neural differentiation despite the importance of cofactors in modulating the function of the retinoblastoma family proteins. J. Cell. Biochem. 67:297-303, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 66 (1997), S. 277-285 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: pRb ; p107 ; p130/Rb2 ; TBP ; transcription ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The conserved region 1 and the extreme N-terminus of adenoviral oncoprotein E1A are essential for transforming activity. They also play roles in the interaction of E1A with p300/CBP and pRb and are involved in both transactivation and repression of host gene expression. It was reported recently that p53-mediated transactivation is specifically repressed by E1A and that p53-induced apoptosis can be protected by pRb. In this report, we investigated the roles of pRb and p300 in the N-terminus of E1A-mediated transcriptional regulation. We demonstrate here that p300 and pRb have no effect on DBD.1-70 transactivation and that overexpression of p300 or pRb failed to relieve the repression by E1A. Repression of p53 transactivation requires both the extreme amino terminus and CR1 but not CR2. This repressive activity of E1A specifically correlates with E1A's ability to bind p300 and TBP. On the other hand, E1A inhibited the transactivation activity of a fusion construct containing the DNA binding domain of yeast Gal4 and the transactivation domain of p53. When p53 was cotransfected with E1A, similar inhibition was found in Saos-2 cells that lack endogenous pRb and p53 activity. Introduction of pRb into Saos-2 cells did not affect p53 transcription activity. E1A-mediated repression can be relieved by overexpression of either p300, hTBP, or TFIIB but cannot be released by overexpression of pocket proteins. Our data suggest that p300/CBP and TBP but not the pocket proteins, pRb, p107, and pRb2/p130 are functional targets of E1A in transcriptional regulation and that p53 transactivation requires the function of the p300/TBP/TFIIB complex, thus delineating a new pathway by which E1A may exert its transforming activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 66:277-285, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: differentiation ; osteoblasts ; cyclin E-associated kinase ; cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors ; RB related proteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Spontaneous differentiation of normal diploid osteoblasts in culture is accompanied by increased cyclin E associated kinase activity on (1) the retinoblastoma susceptibility protein pRB, (2) the p107 RB related protein, and (3) two endogenous cyclin E-associated substrates of 78 and 105 kD. Activity of the differentiation-related cyclin E complexes (diff.ECx) is not recovered in cdc2 or cdk2 immunoprecipitates. Phosphorylation of both the 105 kD endogenous substrate and the p107 exogenous substrate is sensitive to inhibitory activity (diff.ECx-i) present in proliferating osteoblasts. This inhibitory activity is readily recruited by the cyclin E complexes of differentiated osteoblasts but is not found in cyclin E immunoprecipitates of the proliferating cells themselves. Strong inhibitory activity on diff.ECx kinase activity is excerted by proliferating ROS 17/2.8 osteosarcoma cells. However, unlike the normal diploid cells, the diff.ECx-i activity of proliferating ROS 17/2.8 cells is recovered by cyclin E immunoprecipitation. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21CIP1/WAF1 inhibits diff.ECx kinase activity. Thus, our results suggest the existence of a unique regulatory system, possibly involving p21CIP1/WAF1, in which inhibitory activity residing in proliferating cells is preferentially targeted towards differentiation-related cyclin E-associated kinase activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 66:141-152, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Recent evidence suggested a role for the cell cycle dependent kinases cdc2 and cdk2 in apoptosis. An important mechanism by which many cell types could undergo apoptosis is through the activation of the Fas molecule on the cell membrane. To investigate whether Fas-induced cell death activated cdc2 and cdk2 kinases inappropriately, the human T lymphoma cells HUT-78, which express a high copy number of Fas, and two other previously characterized subclones of the same cell line which express mutant, cell death-deficient dominant-negative forms of Fas, were Fas-challenged and the changes in cdc2 and cdk2 kinase activity monitored. In both wild-type and Fas-mutated HUT-78 cells, apoptosis was associated simultaneously with decreased cdc2 and increased cdk2 activity. This association suggested that changes in cdc2 and cdk2 kinase activity are secondary events in cell death mediated by Fas. J. Cell. Biochem. 64:579-585. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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