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  • 1
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    (Table 1) Lithium contents and isotopic composition in sediments from DSDP Holes 64-477 and 64-477A
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Chan, Lui-Heung; Gieskes, Joris M; You, Chen-Feng; Edmond, John M (1994): Lithium isotope geochemistry of sediments and hydrothermal fluids of the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(20), 4443-4454, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90346-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Lithium isotopic compositions of hydrothermally altered sediments of Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) site 477/477A, as well as high temperature vent fluids of the Guaymas Basin, have been determined to gain an understanding of lithium exchange during fluid-sediment interaction at this sediment-covered spreading center. Unaltered turbidite of the basin has a d6Li value of -10%, 5-7% heavier than fresh oceanic basalts. Contact metamorphism induced by a shallow sill intrusion results in a decrease of the lithium content of the adjacent sediments and a lighter isotopic value (-8%). Below the sill, sediments altered by a deep-seated hydrothermal system show strong depletions in lithium, while lithium isotopic compositions vary greatly, ranging from -11 to +1%. The shift to lighter composition is the result of preferential retention of the lighter isotope in recrystallized phases after destruction of the primary minerals. The complexity of the isotope profile is attributed to inhomogeneity in mineral composition, the tortuous pathway of fluids and the temperature effect on isotopic fractionation. The range of lithium concentration and d6Li values for the vent fluids sampled in 1982 and 1985 overlaps with that of the sediment-free mid-ocean ridge systems. The lack of a distinct expression of sediment input is explained in terms of a flow-through system with continuous water recharge. The observations on the natural system agree well with the results of laboratory hydrothermal experiments. The experimental study demonstrates the importance of temperature, pressure, water/rock ratio, substrate composition and reaction time on the lithium isotopic composition of the reacted fluid. High temperature authigenic phases do not seem to constitute an important sink for lithium and sediments of a hydrothermal system such as Guaymas are a source of lithium to the ocean. The ready mobility of lithium in the sediment under elevated temperature and pressure conditions also has important implications for lithium cycling in subduction zones.
    Keywords: 64-477; 64-477A; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Flame photometry; Glomar Challenger; Leg64; Lithium; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 262; North Pacific/Gulf of California/BASIN; Sample code/label; δ6Li; δ6Li, error
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 64 data points
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  • 2
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    (Table 1) Experimental results of Kd at various conditions from ODP Hole 131-808C (1996)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: You, Chen-Feng; Spivack, Arthur J; Gieskes, Joris M; Martin, Jonathan B; Davisson, M L (1996): Boron contents and isotopic compositions in pore waters: a new approach to determine temperature induced artifacts—geochemical implications. Marine Geology, 129(3-4), 351-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(96)83353-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A comprehensive experimental study, utilizing a rocking autoclave hydrothermal apparatus with isotope tracers, was applied to evaluate the temperature of squeezing artifacts on B contents and isotopic compositions in pore waters. The partition coefficient (KD) was determined at temperatures from 25 ° to 350 °C, at 800 bars, and this information was applied to reconstruct pore water B and d11B in ODP drill sites, where pH, T, and porosity are known. The partition coefficient of B is a function of temperature, pH, and sediment mineralogy. The solution pH exerts a dominant control at low temperatures; however, KD decreases to a value of essentially zero (compared to that of KD = ~3.5 at 25 °C) at high temperatures indicating no adsorption. Two empirical equations were derived to represent most of the available experimental results. For pelagic clay rich sediments, a KD = -3.84-0.020T + 0.88pH (R = 0.84; 1sigma = 0.25) is established. For sediments that have experienced progressive metamorphism, a KD = -1.38-0.008T + 0.59pH (R = 0.81; 1sigma = 0.37) can be applied. Similarly the effect on pore water d11B can be corrected if the fractionation factors at different temperatures are assumed. The corrected B and d11B in ODP Sites 671, 672, and 808 indicate significant mobilization of bulk B in sediment (exchangeable + lattice bound) at depth, especially near the décollement zone or other potential flow conduits. Tectonically expelled fluids from mud diapirs of Barbados Ridge Complex, hot springs of Rumsey Hills, California, and mud pot waters of the Salton Sea geothermal field, are enriched in B (up to 20 mM) with lower d11B, supporting the argument of B mobilization as a result of fluid expulsion in accretionary prisms.
    Keywords: 131-808C; Distribution coefficient; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Joides Resolution; Leg131; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; pH; Philippine Sea; Pressure; Sample code/label; Temperature, technical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 90 data points
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  • 3
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    (Table 3) Li concentrations and isotopic compositions in foraminiferal shells, carbonate sediments, and associated pore waters from ODP Sites 131-806 and 138-851 (1996)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: An improved procedure for lithium isotope analysis using Li3PO4 as the ion source has been investigated for application to geological samples. The 7Li/6Li ratio is measured using double rhenium filament thermal ionization mass spectrometry in which isotopic fractionation is minimized at high temperatures. The method produces a stable, high intensity Li+ ion beam that allows measurement of nanogram quantities of lithium. This results in a reduction in sample size of up to 1000 times relative to that required for the established Li2BO2+ method while maintaining a comparable precision of better than 1‰ (1 sigma). Replicate analyses of the NBS L-SVEC Li2CO3 standard yielded a mean value of 12.1047+/-0.0043 (n=21), which is close to the reported absolute value of 12.02+/-0.03. Intercalibration with a wide range of geological samples shows excellent agreement between the Li3PO4 and Li2BO2+ techniques. Replicate analyses of seawater and a fresh submarine basalt display high precision results that agree with previous measurements. Taking advantage of the high ionization efficiency of the phosphate ion source, we have made the first measurements of the lithium concentration (by isotope dilution) and isotopic composition of calcareous foraminiferal tests and other marine carbonates. Preliminary results indicate that substantial lithium exchange occurs between carbonate sediments and their interstitial waters. In addition, a possible link between lithium paleoceanography and paleoclimate during the last 1000 ky may be derived from planktonic foraminiferal tests. This highly sensitive technique can be applied in the examination of low lithium reservoirs and thereby provide insight into some fundamental aspects of lithium geochemistry.
    Keywords: 130-806B; 138-851A; 138-851B; Age model; Calcium carbonate; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg130; Leg138; Lithium; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 262; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Sample comment; Sample type; δ6Li
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 44 data points
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  • 4
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    (Table 1) Chemical compositions of beryllium in sediments and pore waters of ODP Hole 131-808 (1994)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Studies of Be distributions in subduction zone sediments will help to understand questions regarding the enrichments of cosmogenic Be-10 in arc volcanic rocks. Analyses of Be-10 and Be-9 in sediments of Ocean Drilling Program Site 808, Nankai Trough and Be-9 in porewaters of Site 808 and Sites 671 and 672, Barbados ridge complex, show significant decreases in solid phase Be-10 and large increases of porewater Be-9 at the location of the décollement zone and below or at potential flow conduits. These data imply the potential mobilization of Be during pore fluid expulsion upon sediment burial. Experiments involving reaction between a décollement sediment and a synthetic NaCl-CaCl2 solution at elevated pressure and temperatures were conducted in an attempt to mimic early subduction zone processes. The results demonstrate that Be is mobilized under elevated pressure and temperature with a strong pH dependence. The Be mobilization provides an explanation of Be-10 enrichment in arc volcanic rocks and supports the argument of the importance of the fluid processes in subduction zones at convergent margins.
    Keywords: 131-808; Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS); Age model; Beryllium-10; Beryllium-9; Calculated; Coefficient; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; EIectron capture detection gas chromatography (ECD-GC); Elevation of event; Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Leg131; Longitude of event; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Philippine Sea; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 100 data points
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  • 5
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    Boron isotopic ratios and concentrations of pore fluids and carbonates from ODP Site 138-851 (Table 1) (1997)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Spivack, Arthur J; You, Chen-Feng (1997): Boron isotopic geochemistry of carbonates and pore waters, Ocean Drilling Program Site 851. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 152(1-4), 113-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00134-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We have determined the boron content and isotopic composition of bulk carbonates and associated pore waters from Ocean Drilling Program Site 851. The delta11B of the carbonates range from 23 per mil to as low as -5.5 per mil, greatly extending the range of reported carbonate delta11B values. In contrast, pore fluid isotopic compositions are relatively constant. Based on the correlation of delta11B and 1/B (r = 0.99) we conclude that the bulk carbonate at this site is a mixture of a biogenic component (~7 ppm with delta11B of 23 per mil) and a recrystallized component (~2.5 ppm with delta11B of -5.5 per mil). The empirical "low pH" water-carbonate fractionation factor implied by the data is 0.959 +/- 0.003. A boron concentration minimum occurs in pore waters at a depth of approximately 200 m below the seafloor and this is interpreted as reflecting essentially quantitative uptake of B at this depth and the horizontal advection of pore fluids with water residence times below the minimum on the order of 3,600 years.
    Keywords: 138-851; Boron; Colorimetry; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Isotope dilution; Joides Resolution; Leg138; Negative-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (N-TIMS); North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 37 data points
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  • 6
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    (Table 1) U and Th isotope analyses of pyrite and anhydrite of ODP Site 158-957 (1998)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: You, Chen-Feng; Bickle, Michael J (1998): Evolution of an active sea-floor massive sulphide deposit. Nature, 394(6694), 668-671, https://doi.org/10.1038/29279
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Hydrothermal circulation at oceanic spreading ridges causes sea water to penetrate to depths of 2 to 3 km in the oceanic crust where it is heated to ~400 °C before venting at spectacular 'black smokers'. These hydrothermal systems exert a strong influence on ocean chemistry (Edmond et al., 1979, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(79)90061-X), yet their structure, longevity and magnitude remain largely unresolved (Elderfield and Schultz., 1996, doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.191). The active Transatlantic Geotraverse (TAG) deposit, at 26° N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is one of the largest, oldest and most intensively studied of the massive sulphide mounds that accumulate beneath black-smoker fields. Here we report ages of sulphides and anhydrites from the recently drilled (Humphris et al., 1995, doi:10.1038/377713a0) TAG substrate structures -determined from 234U-230Th systematics analysed by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The new precise ages combined with existing data (Lalou et al., 1993, doi:10.1029/92JB01898; 1998, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.158.214.1998) show that the oldest material (11,000 to 37,000 years old) forms a layer across the centre of the deposit with younger material (2,300–7,800 years old) both above and below. This stratigraphy confirms that much of the sulphide and anhydrite are precipitated within the mound by mixing of entrained sea water with hydrothermal fluid (James and Elderfield, 1996, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024〈1147:COOFFA〉2.3.CO;2). The age distribution is consistent with episodic activity of the hydrothermal system recurring at intervals of up to 2,000 years.
    Keywords: 158-957C; 158-957E; 158-957G; 158-957H; 158-957I; 158-957K; 158-957M; Age, 234U/230Th Uranium-Thorium; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg158; Mineral name; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; South Atlantic Ocean; Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS); Thorium; Thorium, error, relative; Thorium-230/Uranium-238, error, relative; Thorium-230/Uranium-238 activity ratio; Thorium-230/Uranium-238 activity ratio, error, relative; Thorium-230/Uranium-238 ratio; Uranium; Uranium, error, relative; Uranium-234/Uranium-238 activity ratio; Uranium-234/Uranium-238 activity ratio, error, relative
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 359 data points
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  • 7
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    (Table 1) Boron concentration and d11B ratios of ODP Hole 130-803D (1993)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Spivack, Arthur J; You, Chen-Feng; Smith, Jesse (1993): Foraminiferal boron isotope ratios as a proxy for surface ocean pH over the past 21 Myr. Nature, 363(6425), 149-151, https://doi.org/10.1038/363149a0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The pH of the surface ocean is a sensitive function of its alkalinity and total inorganic carbon concentration, properties which also control the partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide (Broecker and Peng, 1982). Thus, an accurate proxy for past ocean pH could yield information about variations in atmospheric CO2. Recently, it has been suggested that the boron isotopic composition of foraminiferal tests depends on the pH of sea water as well as its isotopic composition (Vengosh et al., 1991, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90139-V; Hemming and Hanson, 1992, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90151-8). Here we present boron isotope and elemental data for sedimentary pore fluids and isotope data for bulk foraminiferal samples from a deep-sea sediment core. The composition of the pore waters implies that sea water boron concentrations and isotopic composition have been constant during the past 21 Myr, allowing us to reconstruct past ocean pH directly from the foraminiferal isotope data. We find that 21 Myr ago, surface ocean pH was only 7.4 ±0.2, but it then increased to 8.2 ±0.2 (roughly the present value) about 7.5 Myr ago. This is consistent with suggestions (Popp et al., 1989; Cerling, 1991; Arthur et al., 1991) that atmospheric CO2 concentrations may have been much higher 21 Myr ago than today.
    Keywords: 130-803D; Boron; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg130; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 34 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table 1) I, Br, B, d11B and Mn concentrations in ODP Site 131-808 (1993)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: You, Chen-Feng; Gieskes, Joris M; Chen, Robert F; Spivack, Arthur J; Gamo, Toshitaka (1993): Iodide, bromide, manganese, boron, and dissolved organic carbon in interstitial waters of organic carbon-rich marine sediments: observations in the Nankai accretionary prism. In: Hill, IA; Taira, A; Firth, JV; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 131, 165-174, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.131.116.1993
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-09
    Description: This study of the interstitial water concentration-depth distributions of iodide, bromide, boron, d11B, and dissolved organic carbon, as represented by absorbance at 325 nm (yellow substance: YS) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), is a follow-up of the extensive shipboard program of interstitial water analysis during ODP Leg 131. Most of the components studied are associated with processes involving the diagenesis of organic matter in these sediments. Three zones of the sediment column are discussed separately because of the different processes involved in causing concentration changes: 1. The upper few hundreds of meters: In this zone, characterized by very high sedimentation rates (〉1200 m/m.y.), interstitial waters show very sharp increases in alkalinity, ammonia, iodide, bromide, YS, and LIF, mainly as a result of the diagenesis of organic carbon; 2. Whereas below 200 mbsf concentration gradients all show a decreasing trend, the zone at ~ 365 mbsf is characterized by concentration reversals, mainly due to the recent emplacement of deeper sediments above this depth as a result of thrust-faulting; 3. The décollement zone (945-964 mbsf) is characterized by concentration anomalies in various constituents (bromide, boron, d11B, manganese, LIF). These data are interpreted as resulting from an advective input of fluids along the zone of décollement as recent as ~ 200 ka. Possibly periodic inputs of anomalous fluids still seem to occur along this décollement zone.
    Keywords: 131-808A; 131-808B; 131-808C; Boron; Bromine; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Fluorescence; Iodide; Joides Resolution; Leg131; Manganese; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Philippine Sea; Sample code/label; Yellow substance; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 334 data points
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disorder effects in the one-dimensional Anderson lattice model (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5330-5331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the one-dimensional periodic, symmetric Anderson model at half filling in the presence of disorder using finite-temperature quantum Monte Carlo techniques. We have considered the disorder of both the hybridization between the local f-orbitals and the conduction electrons and the local f-site energy, using a uniform distribution of width Δ. The f-orbital local magnetic moment, the static magnetic susceptibility, the charge susceptibility, and the nearest-neighber magnetic correlation function have been calculated as a function of the disorder distribution width Δ. We find that the hybridization disorder has a dramatical effect on the low-temperature magnetic properties giving rise to a non-Fermi liquid behavior, and that the magnetic susceptibility can be scaled by a power law with an exponent which is in excellent agreement with experiment. On the other hand, disorder of the local f-orbital energy level does not show a non-Fermi liquid behavior. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370242
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monomode optical waveguide in lithium niobate formed by MeV Si+ ion implantation (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5224-5226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The monomode enhanced-index LiNbO3 waveguide fabricated by low-dose ion implantation is reported. LiNbO3 crystals were implanted with 3 MeV Si+ ions to doses around 1014 ions/cm2. After annealing, the waveguides were formed by the extraordinary refractive index enhancement in the waveguide regions. The effective extraordinary refractive index of the waveguide increased with ion implantation dose. The loss was 0.64 dB/cm in the X-cut sample with an implantation dose of 3.3×1014 ions/cm2. The scattering loss in the Z-cut samples was even lower than that in the X-cut samples. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367312
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