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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of natural products 49 (1986), S. 593-601 
    ISSN: 1520-6025
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 91 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The activity of some phytotoxic metabolites of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Van Hall strains B359 and B301 on in vivo and in vitro systems of H+-transport across the plasma membrane of maize (Zea mays L., hybrid Paolo) was investigated. In particular syringomycin, the first lipodepsinonapeptide isolated from Pss and already studied in plants and yeasts for its effects on several physiological systems, was compared with the recently described lipodepsipeptides with 22 or 25 amino acid residues, so called syringopeptins. The in vivo activity of the phytotoxins was tested on fusicoccin-stimulated H−-extrusion from cuttings of maize roots, which was inhibited by both types of toxins, with syringomycin more efficient than the syringopeptins. In vitro the H+-ATPase activity of predominantly right-side-out plasma membrane vesicles purified by two-phase partitioning was stimulated by 10 μM syringomycin and inhibited by higher levels, in agreement with the results of others with preparations of dicotyledons. Also the inhibition of the phosphohydrolytic activity of inside-out vesicles of mung bean plasma membrane was confirmed for maize. In both types of vesicles the syringopeptirts were better inhibitors than syringomycin. The pH gradient formed on addition of ATP to predominantly (25% latency) inside-out vesicles was immediately and completely collapsed by syringomycin and syringopeptins; H+-pumping was prevented if the toxins were added before ATP. The inhibition was concentration dependent, but at very low concentrations the effect was inverted. The results of the present investigation, carried out with maize preparations, confirm and extend the evidence so far obtained with dicotyledons in favour of the plasma membrane as an important site of interaction of syringomycin with the plant cell. They also indicate that, except for some details, the effects of syringopeptins at the level of the plasma membrane are the same as those of syringomycin.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 186 (1960), S. 968-969 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The compound was isolated from perchloric acid extracts of the micro-organism by ion exchange chromatography4 and purified by paper chromatography. From a 50-1. culture grown in a stirred fermentor5 on Czapek-Dox medium 2-5 [moles were obtained, as calculated from the pentose content of the ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 131 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A saprophytic fluorescent bacterium (strain M1) isolated from wheat was identified as Pseudomonas syringae and shown to produce the cyclic lipodepsipeptides, syringomycin E and syringopeptin SP25A. M1 grew in planta but did not affect germination or cause disease symptoms in wheat. The findings show that the production of these metabolites, generally regarded as plant virulence factors, does not correlate with plant pathogenicity.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 180 (1957), S. 1203-1204 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Chemical and enzymic degradations of the above nucleotide have yielded results which provide strong evidence to indicate that it is the nicotinic acid analogue of diphosphopyridine nucleotide. Treatment of the compound with 0 o 1 M hydrochloric acid (2-5 hr. at 100 C.) resulted in the liberation of ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 179 (1957), S. 154-154 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The occurrence of adenylosuccinic acid in a living organism has not been previously reported. It was first prepared by Carter and Cohen2*3 with a yeast enzyme that catalyses the reversible reaction between adenosine-5'-phosphate and fumaric acid, and was assigned the structure of ...
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fluoride ; Fusicoccin ; Hydrolase ; Receptor (fusicoccin) ; Spinacia ; Swainsonine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The poor stability of crude solutions of fusicoccin-binding sites, prepared from acetonedried microsomal fractions of spinach leaves, results from the attack by endogenous phosphatase and α-mannosidase. The addition of either of these enzymes to solubilised binding sites preincubated with [3H]fusicoccin promptly releases most of the bound radioactivity. A satisfactory stabilization of the crude preparations is obtained with fluoride added either during homogenization of the tissue, or immediately after solubilisation. The results indicate that the fusicoccin-binding sites are phosphorylated glycoproteins.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Endogenous ligands ; Fusicoccin ; Proton extrusion ; Zea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The binding of fusicoccin to the microsomal preparations of maize roots in vitro is increased several-fold when segments of the tissue are washed for 2 h in distilled water before homogenization. Addition of freeze-dried wash solution to microsomal preparations of spinach leaves or fresh roots, washed roots, or coleoptiles of maize inhibited the binding of fusicoccin to particulate fractions. The freeze-dried material also blocked fusicoccin-promoted H+ extrusion from maize root segments. Roots may contain one or more water-soluble compounds competing with fusicoccin at the receptor level; such ligands might play a physiological role as modulators of the H+/K+ exchange system in higher plants.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-9001
    Keywords: Syringotoxin ; Pseudomonas syringae ; lipodepsipeptides ; 2D NMR ; molecular mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Strain B427 ofPseudomonas syringae pv.syringae, originally isolated from lemon, produces several bioactive lipodepsipeptides. The structure of Syringotoxin (ST) and Syringopeptins (SPs) has been investigated in these last years. This paper reports the 2D NMR data collected in the study of ST covalent structure. The study was performed in different solvents in order both to prevent aggregation and to completely characterize the side chains features. These include the presence of common and less common aminoacids, which compose the macrocyclic ring and fatty acid side-chain moieties of ST. The nature and position in the molecule of the residues involved in the lactonic ring closure of ST have been identified with certainty. The interpretation of NOE data obtained in acetonitrile/water solution was performed by molecular dynamics calculations in vacuo. This procedure has allowed determination of the nature and number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and the predominant conformation of ST.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 18 (1996), S. 93-98 
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: fusicoccin ; receptors ; signal transduction ; 14-3-3 protein ; photoaffinity labelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Purified preparations of FC receptors from maize, obtained under non-denaturing conditions, showed in SDS-PAGE two doublets of proteins with an apparent molecular mass of 30 and 90 kDa. In this paper the isolation of the 30 kDa protein, its identification as a 14-3-3-like protein, as well as its immunological detection in partially-purified FC-receptor preparations from bean and spinach are described. The 14-3-3 proteins have biochemical properties consistent with potential signalling roles, and their presence in highly purified FC-receptor preparations suggests that they may be involved in FC- signal transduction. Photoaffinity labelling experiments demonstrating that the protein at 90 kDa binds FC are also presented. The evidence presented taken as a whole, suggests the occurrence in maize of a protein complex for FC perception and signal transduction.
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