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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 5032-5038 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A compact laser synchrotron source (LSS) is proposed as a means of generating tunable, narrow bandwidth, ultra-short pulses of hard x rays. The LSS is based on the Thomson backscattering of intense laser radiation from a counterstreaming electron beam. Advances in both compact ultra-intense solid-state lasers and high brightness electron accelerators make the LSS an attractive compact source of high brightness pulsed x rays, particularly at photon energies beyond ∼30 keV. The x-ray wavelength is λ[A(ring)]=650 λ0[μm]/Eb2[MeV], where λ0 is the laser wavelength and Eb is the electron beam energy. For Eb=72 MeV and λ0=1 μm, x rays at λ=0.12 A(ring) (100 keV) are generated. The spectral flux, brightness, bandwidth, and pulse structure are analyzed. In the absence of filtering, the spectral bandwidth in the LSS is typically (approximately-less-than)1% and is limited by electron beam emittance and energy spread. Two configurations of the LSS are discussed, one providing high peak power and the other moderate average power x rays. Using present day technology, the LSS can generate picosecond pulses of x rays consisting of (approximately-greater-than)109 photons/pulse with a peak brightness of (approximately-greater-than)1020 photons/s mm2 mrad2 (0.1% BW) and photon energies ranging from 50 to 1200 keV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical investigations of laser guiding in plasma channels are reported. Intense (〈5×1017 W/cm2), short (75 fs) laser pulses have been injected and guided in channels produced using a novel ignitor-heater technique, which uses two laser pulses. The ignitor, an ultrashort (〈100 fs) laser pulse, is brought to a line focus to ionize the gas jet. The heater pulse (160 ps long) is subsequently used to heat the existing spark via inverse Bremsstrahlung. The hydrodynamic shock expansion creates a channel. This technique allows the creation of slab or cylindrical channels in low atomic number gases, e.g., hydrogen. The channel profile was diagnosed with time resolved longitudinal interferometry. The effects of laser beam size and divergence mismatch at the channel entrance and leakage of the laser energy out of the channel are studied theoretically and experimentally in one and two transverse dimensions. An all-optical channel wake diagnostic based on Fourier domain interferometry is discussed, and a holographic-type inversion technique is proposed to increase the accuracy and reach of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gamma-neutron activation experiments have been performed with relativistic electron beams produced by a laser wakefield accelerator. The electron beams were produced by tightly focusing (spot diameter (approximate)6 μm) a high power (up to 10 TW), ultra-short (≥50 fs) laser beam from a high repetition rate (10 Hz) Ti:sapphire (0.8 μm) laser system, onto a high density (〉1019 cm−3) pulsed gasjet of length (approximate)1.5 mm. Nuclear activation measurements in lead and copper targets indicate the production of electrons with energy in excess of 25 MeV. This result was confirmed by electron distribution measurements using a bending magnet spectrometer. Measured γ-ray and neutron yields are also found to be in reasonable agreement with simulations using a Monte Carlo transport code. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 2262-2268 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Trapping of plasma electrons in the self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) via the coupling of Raman backscatter to the wake is examined analytically and with three-dimensional (3-D) test particle simulations. The trapping threshold for linear polarization is much less than for circular and occurs for wake amplitudes of δn/n∼25%, which is well below wave breaking. Self-channeling provides continuous focusing of the accelerated electrons which, along with relativistic pump laser effects, can enhance the energy gain by a factor ≥2. The colliding pulse method for injecting electrons in the standard LWFA is examined. Simulations of test electrons in 3-D fields indicate the production of relativistic (≥25 MeV) high-quality electron bunches with ultrashort durations (a few femtoseconds), small energy spreads (a few percent), and low normalized emittances (1 mm mrad). © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 1738-1743 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Maxwell-fluid model is described, which allows simulation of laser pulses over extended distances (multiple diffraction lengths) in an underdense plasma. This model is used to simulate radius-tailored laser pulses, which can propagate over such distances with minimal distortion in a uniform plasma. Theoretical model equations governing the choice of radius tailoring are also given. A radius-tailored pulse has constant power approximately equal to the critical power for relativistic guiding over the length of the pulse and a spot size at focus that varies over the length of the pulse. A laser pulse configuration of this type can be constructed from a series of ultrashort Gaussian pulses.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The basic principles and design of radiation sources (transition radiation, Cerenkov radiation, radiation from periodic structures, etc.) and radiation-based diagnostics will be discussed, with an emphasis on radiation from ultrashort electron bunches. Ultrashort electron bunches have the potential to produce high peak flux radiation sources that cover wavelength regimes where sources are currently not widely available (coherent THz/IR) as well as ultrashort x-ray pulses (3–100 fs). While radiation from the electron bunch contains the full signature of the electron beam and/or medium it has traveled through, the deconvolution of a single property of interest can be difficult due to a large number of contributing properties. The experimental implementation of novel solutions to this problem will be described for beams from 30 MeV to 30 GeV, including fluctuational interferometry, source imaging, phase matched cone angles and laser-based techniques, which utilize optical transition radiation, wiggler and Cerenkov radiation, and Thomson scattering. These novel diagnostic methods have the potential to resolve fs bunch durations, slice emittance on fs scales, etc. The advantages and novel features of these techniques will be discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator (SM-LWFA) experiment was performed at the Naval Research Laboratory. Large amplitude plasma wakefields produced by a sub-picosecond, high intensity laser pulse (7×1018 W/cm2) in an underdense plasma (ne(approximate)1019 cm−3) were measured with a pump–probe coherent Thomson scattering (CTS) technique to last for less than 5 ps, consistent with the decay of large amplitude plasma waves due to the modulational instability. A plasma channel was observed to form in the wake of the pump laser pulse, and its evolution was measured with the pump–probe CTS diagnostic. The trailing probe laser pulse was observed to be guided by this channel for about 20 Rayleigh lengths. High energy electrons (up to 30 MeV) have been measured using an electro-magnetic spectrometer, with the energy spectra and divergence of lower energy (up to 4 MeV) electrons obtained using photographic films. Highly nonlinear plasma waves were also detected using forward Raman scattering diagnostics and were observed to correlate with the electron signals. Simulations of self-trapping of plasma electrons from the interaction of the laser wakefield with the slow plasma wave generated by Raman backscattering are also presented. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 575-577 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A laser synchrotron source (LSS) [P. Sprangle, A. Ting, E. Esarey, and A. Fisher, J. Appl. Phys. 72, 5032 (1992)] was proposed to generate short-pulsed, tunable x rays by Thomson scattering of laser photons from a relativistic electron beam. A proof-of-principal (p.o.p.) experiment on this LSS configuration is performed. An intense laser pulse (λ0=1.053 μm) is Thomson backscattered from a focused relativistic electron beam. Time integrated x-ray signals from a photocathode/electron multiplier, at an electron beam energy of 650 keV and an x-ray photon energy of 20 eV, indicate an increase in the x-ray signals above the baseline by an amount comparable to the theoretically predicted value. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 346-348 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is proposed for eliminating prepulses associated with high-power ultrashort laser pulses. In this method the high-power portion of the pulse is refractively guided due to relativistic effects associated with the plasma electrons. The low-power prepulse, however, is unaffected and diffracts away. Optical guiding is achieved by appropriately choosing the plasma density, laser power, and wavelength. In addition, a wavebreaking stabilization mechanism for the Raman backscattering instability for intense laser pulses is proposed, which indicates that the pulse should not be significantly backscattered by the plasma.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 2146-2148 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electron acceleration method is investigated which employs a short (τL ∼2πωω−1p ∼1 ps), high-power (P≥1015 W), single frequency laser pulse to generate large amplitude (E≥1 GeV/m) plasma waves (wakefields). At sufficiently high laser powers [P≥17(ω/ωp )2 GW], relativistic optical guiding may be used to prevent the pulse from diffracting within the plasma.
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