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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismicity in the Hellenic Volcanic Arc: relation between seismic parameters and the geophysical fields in the region (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 117 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A study of the spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic hazard and geophysical parameters is undertaken along the Hellenic Volcanic Arc (HVA). Seismicity of the area is divided in a cellular manner allowing analysis of the localized seismicity parameters and representation of their regional variation as contour maps. Extreme value analysis locates a zone of highest seismicity just west of centre of the HVA, around the Cyclades Islands. Non-probabilistic modelling of the strain energy release process in terms of magnitudes equivalent to the average annual energy release rate (M2) and the maximum possible energy release in a seismic cycle (M3) enhances this picture. Maximum values of M2 and M3 are more tightly localized in the central Cyclades west of Amorgos Island and also in the east of the HVA in the Sporadhes north-west of Rhodes. Isocyclic contours of the waiting times for M3 show values in excess of 70 years in the Cyclades and eastern Sporadhes, i.e. the zones of largest earthquakes show the longest strain accumulation periods. The waiting time for the HVA as a whole is about 54 years, and at present it appears to be about 75 per cent through to accumulation of the notional maximum strain energy. The b value of the magnitude–frequency distribution shows a consistent spatial variation along the HVA which is not sensitive to subdivision into different focal depth ranges. Regional contour maps of the b values, and maps of local values of heat flow, magnetic and electrical anomalies compared with the Bouguer gravity anomaly map, indicate correlations which reflect the deformation of the Aegean shallow crust in relation to the deep intrusive magmatic processes. The correlations between the different geophysical fields are displaced commensurate with an Aegean extension of approximately 45 km.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb02462.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear-Wave Velocity Models From Rayleigh-Wave Dispersion In the Broader Aegean Area (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 125 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: An analysis of Rayleigh waves generated by earthquakes in the broader Aegean is undertaken to estimate variations in the shear-wave velocity structure in the crust and upper mantle down to about 70 km depth. The study centres literally on the vertical-component long-period standard seismograph at Athens (ATH), and is only possible because this station has provided good-quality data over many years of continuous operation. Rayleigh waves from 81 earthquakes during 1963–87, with surface-wave magnitudes in the range 4.2 to 5.4 and epicentral distances of 300–500 km from Athens are analysed. These earthquake epicentres are selected in clusters defining 12 propagation paths across the broader Aegean and radial to Athens. The highest concentration of azimuthal sampling traverses the Hellenic Volcanic Arc. The ensuing group-velocity curves over these radial paths are inverted to shear-wave velocity-depth models using linear and then Monte Carlo Hedgehog inversion schemes. The resulting velocity-depth solutions from both schemes, presented as individual path velocity-depth profiles, 3-D azimuthal perspectives and contoured velocity-depth panoramas over the whole broader Aegean, are corroborative. The western arc of azimuths extending from Chalkidiki, north of Athens, to SW Crete, south of Athens, have velocity-depth profiles which consistently reach sub-Moho velocities at about 45 km depth. The most striking feature revealed by the contoured shear-wave velocity-depth panoramas is an extensive zone of relatively low velocity, about 3.8 km s−1, centred around 30 km depth, which may extend from 20 to 40 km depth. This low-velocity zone is contained in the wedge of paths from Carpathos, Rhodes and SW Turkey which traverse the Hellenic Volcanic Arc and subtend an angle of about 33° at Athens. There is also slight evidence for anomalously low velocities at greater depths (around 4.1–4.2 km s−1 at about 50–60 km depth) but these are at the limits of useful resolution of the available data; nevertheless, these indications are at their strongest in the same wedge below the Hellenic Volcanic Arc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1996.tb06016.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine Structure of Mitochondria of Spirostomum ambiguum as Seen in Sectioned and Negatively-Stained Preparations (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 17 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Comparisons are made between sectioned and negatively-stained mitochondria of the ciliate Spirostomum ambiguum. Particulate elements 70–80 A in diameter are associated with the surface of tubular cristae of negatively-stained and disrupted mitochondria; such particles are not seen in sectioned mitochondria fixed in various ways. As measured in sectioned material, the inner mitochondrial membrane forming the tubular cristae is about 100 A thick, while the outer mitochondrial membrane is about 50 A thick and is the more labile of the 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1970.tb02374.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of type 1 diabetes susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 450 (2007), S. 887-892 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 is associated with susceptibility to more common diseases than any other region of the human genome, including almost all disorders classified as autoimmune. In type 1 diabetes the major genetic susceptibility determinants have been ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06406
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geophysics: Is there coherence between Earth tides and earthquakes? (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 321 (1986), S. 115-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Do tides in the Earth cause earthquakes? Are some types of earthquakes or regions of the Earth more susceptible to earthquakes triggered by tides than others? And is this relevant to the prediction of earthquakes? There has not yet been much success in answering these questions, although the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/321115a0
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geophysics: Electrical earthquake prediction (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 315 (1985), S. 370-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two thousand years ago, Aristotle proposed that earthquakes were caused by subterranean winds. The Greeks are still active in the often contentious business of earthquake prediction and the team of P. Varotsos, K. Alexopoulos and K. Nomicos are well aware of controversy surrounding their work. In ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315370a0
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic risk of circum-Pacific earthquakes: II. Extreme values using Gumbel's third distribution and the relationship with strain energy release (1985)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 123 (1985), S. 849-869 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismic risk ; extreme values ; strain energy ; circum-Pacific
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In a previous paper (Makropoulos andBurton, 1983) the seismic risk of the circum-Pacific belt was examined using a ‘whole process’ technique reduced to three representative parameters related to the physical release of strain energy, these are:M 1, the annual modal magnitude determined using the Gutenberg-Richter relationship;M 2, the magnitude equivalent to the total strain energy release rate per annum, andM 3, the upper bound magnitude equivalent to the maximum strain energy release in a region. The risk analysis is extended here using the ‘part process’ statistical model of Gumbel's IIIrd asymptotic distribution of extreme values. The circum-Pacific is chosen being a complete earthquake data set, and the stability postulate on which asymptotic distributions of extremes are deduced to give similar results to those obtained from ‘whole process’ or exact distributions of extremes is successfully checked. Additionally, when Gumbel III asymptotic distribution curve fitting is compared with Gumbel I using reduced chi-squared it is seen to be preferable in all cases and it also allows extensions to an upper-bounded range of magnitude occurrences. Examining the regional seismicity generates several seismic risk results, for example, the annual mode for all regions is greater thanm(1)=7.0, with the maximum being in the Japan, Kurile, Kamchatka region atm(1)=7.6. Overall, the most hazardous areas are situated in this northwestern region and also diagonally opposite in the southeastern circum-Pacific. Relationships are established between the Gumbel III parameters and quantitiesm 1(1),X 2 and ω, quantities notionally similar toM 1,M 2 andM 3 although ω is shown to be systematically larger thanM; thereby giving a physical link through strain energy release to seismic risk statistics. Inall regions of the circum-Pacific similar results are obtained forM 1,M 2 andM 3 and the notionally corresponding statistical quantitiesm 1(1),X 2 and ω, demonstrating that the relationships obtained are valid over a wide range of seismotectonic enviroments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876974
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of polymorphisms in the β2-adrenoreceptor gene with higher levels of parasitic infection (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 104 (1999), S. 269-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diminishing incidence of parasitic infection in westernised societies has been suggested to result in an increased prevalance of asthma. Asthma is a polygenic disease and genome screens have shown that genes on chromosome 5q31–33 are strongly linked to the disease. The gene for the β2-adrenoreceptor is located in this region and two polymorphisms have been identified that result in amino acid changes at positions 16 (ArgGly) and 27 (GlnGlu). To determine whether these polymorphisms influence asthma and parasitic infection, a genotype/phenotype study has been performed on a cohort of 126 children from Coche Island in Venezuela. There is a high incidence of asthma on the island and intestinal helminthiasis is endemic. Genotyping for both polymorphisms was carried out by using the polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridisation. Genotype frequencies in this cohort were consistent with other studies and both polymorphisms were in significant linkage disequilibrium. Individuals who were homozygous for Arg16 had significantly higher levels of specific IgE to Ascaris lumbricoides (P=0.002), significantly higher A. lumbricoides egg counts (P=0.001) and significantly larger wheal sizes following skin-prick testing with A. lumbricoides allergen (P=0.008). There was no association between either polymorphism and total serum IgE or asthma in this population. A combination of mast cell degranulation and the lung migratory phase of A. lumbricoides larvae may result in bronchoconstriction in infected individuals. These results suggest that the Gly 16 allele confers resistance to high levels of parasitic infection in this population. An alternative explanation for the association is that it may be the result of linkage disequilibrium with other genes in the chromosome 5q31–33 region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050947
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two pathways of division inhibition in UV-irradiated E. coli (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 190 (1983), S. 309-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the mechanism of division inhibition in E. coli following UV-irradiation or nalidixic acid treatment. After UV, two separate mechanisms, both dependent upon recA +, appear to block division. One mechanism is dependent upon sfiA and sfiB, is inhibited by low levels (4 μg/ml) of rifamycin and is expressed in tif mutants at 42° C. The second mechanism is independent of sfiA, and sfiB, is resistant to rifamycin and does not occur in cells lacking DNA replication forks. We suggest that this second mechanism is the result of the failure to terminate DNA replication in inhibited cells. Nalidixic acid inhibition of cell division also appears to involve both mechanisms but as found previously replication forks are also necessary to induce the sfi pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330656
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two pathways of division inhibition in UV-irradiated E. coli (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 190 (1983), S. 128-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the mechanism of division inhibition in E. coli following UV-irradiation or nalidixic acid treatment. After UV, two separate mechanisms, both dependent upon recA, appear to block division. One mechanism is dependent upon sfiA and sfiB, is inhibited by low levels (4 μg/ml) of rifamycin and is expressed in tif mutants at 42°C. The second mechanism is dependent on sfiA, B, is resistant to rifamycin and does not occur in cells lacking DNA replication forks. We suggest that this second mechanism is the result of the failure to terminate DNA replication in inhibited cells. Nalidixic acid inhibition of cell division also appears to involve both mechanisms but as found previously replication forks are also necessary to induce the sfi pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330334
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