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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Future robotic exploration missions will require autonomy in order to accomplish mission goals for operational efficiency and science return. For example, it will require three communication cycles for the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, to place an instrument on a science target. Reducing this time necessitates highly accurate navigation, obstacle avoidance, target tracking, target analysis, manipulation, and fault diagnosis. Technologies to address these and other operational elements are currently being developed at NASA and within academia. However, infusion into missions has always been a difficult task for researchers. In order to keep risk down, mission managers are reluctant to include new technologies unless they have undergone extensive testing and verification under flight-realistic conditions. Furthermore, infusion of new technologies into missions is made more difficult by the variety of software frameworks under which these technologies are developed. Missions would like to see competing solutions demonstrated on a common platform so that they can compare performance and choose the solution best suited to their application.
    Keywords: Computer Programming and Software
    Type: IEEE Aerospace Conference; Mar 06, 2003; Big Sky, MT; United States
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: At NASA Ames Research Center, the Intelligent Robotics Group (IRG) fields the K9 and K10 class rovers. Both use a mobile robot hardware architecture designed for extensibility and reconfigurability that allows for rapid changes in instrumentation and provides a high degree of modularity. Over the past ssveral years, we have worked with instrument developers at NASA centers, universities, and national laboratories to integrate or partially integrate their instruments onboard the K9 and K10 rovers. Early efforts required considerable interaction to work through integration issues such as power, data protocol and mechanical mounting. These interactions informed the design of our current avionics architecture, and have simplified more recent integration projects. In this paper, we will describe the IRG extensible avionics and software architecture and the effect it has had on our recent instrument integration efforts, including integration of four Mars Instrument Development Program devices.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics
    Type: AIAA Space 2006; Sep 19, 2006 - Sep 21, 2006; San Jose, CA; United States
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Optical computing research at NASA Ames Research Center seeks to utilize the capability of analog optical processing, involving free-space propagation between components, to produce natural implementations of algorithms requiring large degrees of parallel computation. Potential applications being investigated include robotic vision, planetary lander guidance, aircraft engine exhaust analysis, analysis of remote sensing satellite multispectral images, control of space structures, and autonomous aircraft inspection.
    Keywords: COMPUTER SYSTEMS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 91-3779 , AIAA Computing in Aerospace Conference; Oct 21, 1991 - Oct 24, 1991; Baltimore, MD; United States
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Pattern recognition invariant to image rotations of up to 75 deg, using a single filter, has been demonstrated for binary synthetic discriminant function (BSDF) optical filters, suggesting their use in directed graph-arranged data bases which can be rapidly traversed by means of a filter-plane programmable spatial light modulator (SLM). The filter data base is arranged as a tree structure in which the root node filters are invariant to over 60 deg rotation, while the leaves are 5-deg invariant. Results are presented from experiments with BSDFs designed to recognize in-plane-rotated views of a Space Shuttle Orbiter. Using a magnetooptic SLM that is driven at 350 Hz in the filter plane, orientation identifications requiring less than 30 msec have been achieved after sequencing through only 10 BSDFs.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: Advances in Optical Information Processing IV; Apr 18, 1990 - Apr 20, 1990; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Astrobee is a new class of free-flying robots that operate in the interior of the International Space Station (ISS). In addition to providing a research platform for zero-g free-flying robotics (replacing the Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellites (SPHERES)), Astrobee improves the efficiency of ISS operations by providing flight and payload controllers with a mobile camera/sensor platform. The Astrobee system consists of three robots, a docking station, and a ground data system. Development began in late 2014, and Astrobee will launch to ISS in late 2018. This paper provides an overview of the capabilities of the Astrobee system, the concept of operations for ISS operations support, and the challenges of operating a free-flying robot within the constraints of the ISS environment.
    Keywords: Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN56138 , International Conference on Space Operations (SpaceOps 2018); May 28, 2018 - Jun 01, 2018; Marseille; France
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2019-10-01
    Description: The HET2/Astrobee project is developing a new free-flying robot to succeed the existing SPHERES facility as a guest science research platform and to perform IVA work on the ISS. Relevance: The project will increase the capabilities of robots to perform IVA/EVA work in space and will increase the efficiency of human explorers by allowing routine, repetitive work to be off-loaded to robots. Approach: The project conducted incremental design and development of a robotic free flyer that meets project, stakeholder, and ISS interface and safety requirements. Results: 3 free flyers are on-orbit. The first robot has been unpacked and has begun flying autonomously within the ISS under crew supervision. Commissioning activities to validate the system continue.
    Keywords: Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN72900 , GCD Annual Program Review; Sep 25, 2019; Arlington, VA; United States
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  • 17
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2020-01-17
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN76689
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