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  • Other Sources  (9)
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  • 1
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    Atmospheric transport of pollutants from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Ground-based measurements strongly support the hypothesis that pollutant materials of anthropogenic origin are being transported over long distances in the midtroposphere and are a significant source of acid rain, acid snow, trace metal deposition, ozone and visibility-reducing aerosols in remote oceanic and polar regions of the Norhern Hemisphere. Atmospheric sulphur budget calculations and studies of acid rain on Bermuda indicate that a large fraction of pollutant materials emitted into the atmosphere in eastern North America are advected eastwards over the North Atlantic Ocean. The first direct airborne measurements of the vertical distribution of tropospheric aerosols over the western North Atlantic is reported here. A newly developed airborne differential adsorption lidar system was used to obtain continuous, remotely sensed aerosol distributions along its flight path. The data document two episodes of long-distance transport of pollutant materials from North America over the North Atlantic Ocean.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 308; 722-724
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Air chemistry over the tropical forest of Guyana (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A comparison is made of the atmospheric chemistry within and above the atmospheric boundary layer over the tropical forest of Guyana. The data were gathered by NASA during the Global Tropospheric Experiment program in 1984, with an instrumented aircraft being used to collect data at altitudes of 3.5 km and between 150-450 m. The synoptic data covered concentrations of O3, CO, dimethylsulfide (DMS), halocarbons and isoprene and three different aerosol particulate measurements (DIAL system). The forest boundary layer proved to be a significant sink for O3, and a source for substantial emissions of DMS. Isoprene emitted by the forest was photochemically oxidized and became a source of CO.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 8603-861
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  • 3
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    Measurements of the global distribution of carbon monoxide in the troposphere (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Carbon monoxide and methane grab samples were obtained simultaneously with ozone, aerosol, nitric oxide and DACOM CO measurements. Eighty grab samples were collected at various altitudes up to 19,000 ft. along a north-south flight path from Wallops Flight Center, VA to 11 N. CO and CH were analyzed by flame ionization gas chromatography with cryogenic preconcentration. The relationship between CO and O3 concentrated is examined. A comparative analysis between trends in aerosol and CO concentration is performed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-169161 , NAS 1.26:169161
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Ion microprobe magnesium isotope analysis of plagioclase and hibonite from ordinary chondrites (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Ion and electron microprobes were used to examine Mg-26 excesses from Al-26 decay in four Al-rich objects from the type 3 ordinary hibonite clast in the Dhajala chondrite. The initial Al-26/Al-27 ratio was actually significantly lower than Al-rich inclusions in carbonaceous chondrites. Also, no Mg-26 excesses were found in three plagioclase-bearing chondrules that were also examined. The Mg-26 excesses in the hibonite chondrites indicated a common origin for chondrites with the excesses. The implied Al-26 content in a proposed parent body could not, however, be confirmed as a widespread heat source in the early solar system.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 308; 169-172
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  • 5
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    CO, O3, and aerosol measurements from NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment - Test flights 1981 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A series of four instrument test flights was conducted during July 1981 in preparation for the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment. The purpose of the flights was to demonstrate the feasibility and value of simultaneously measuring several specific atmospheric pollutants over a 25 deg latitudinal range. Carbon monoxide and methane grab samples were obtained simultaneously with nearly continuous in situ ozone and remote ozone and aerosol optical radar measurements. The sampling platform was a NASA Electra, a four engine turboprop aircraft. Attention is given to CO and CH4 sample collection and analysis, ozone measurement methods, the aerosol measurement method, an interpretation of the optical radar display, and a synergistic consideration of results.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Symposium on the Composition of the Nonurban Troposphere; May 25, 1982 - May 28, 1982; Williamsburg, VA
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Geochemistry of Precambrian carbonates. IV - Early Paleoproterozoic (2.25 +/- 0.25 Ga) seawater (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The mineralogy, chemistry, and isotopic composition of the Malmani Dolomite, Duck Creek Dolomite, and Bruce 'Limestone' Member of the Espanola Formation are studied in an effort to restrict the first- and second-order variations in isotopic composition of Early Paleoproterozoic seawater. The diagenetic rank is found to increase in the order Duck Creek less than Bruce less than Malmani. The interpolation of alteration trends to 'best' value yields an estimate of 0.70550 for Sr-87/Sr-86. For delta C-13, the measured range of 0 +/- 1.5 percent PDB is similar to that observed for Phanerozoic marine carbonates, while the 'best' delta O-18 value for dolostones is -5 percent PDB, depleted in O-18 relative to Phanerozoic counterparts but comparable to estimates obtained for Archean facies. The isotope geochemistry and mineralogy of Bruce 'Limestone' Member is consistent with the proposition that the sequence was deposited in a lacustrine environment.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 56; 3 Ma; 875-885
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  • 7
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    Isotopic variations in the rock-forming elements in meteorites (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Variations in isotopic abundances of the major rock-forming elements can be used as tracers for chemical processes in the solar nebula, and may also provide links to the presolar cloud from which the solar nebula was derived. The paper reviews recent developments involving meteoritic abundances of the isotopes of O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). Some of the effects observed are due to mass-dependent fractionation, and some are due to interaction of isotopically distinct reservoirs, reflecting incomplete homogenization of materials with different nucleosynthetic histories.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Philosophical Transactions, Series A (ISSN 0080-4614); 325; 1587
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  • 8
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    Geochemistry of Precambrian carbonates. V - Late Paleoproterozoic seawater (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A study of mineralogy, chemistry, and isotopic composition of the Coronation Supergroup (about 1.9 Ga, NWT), Canada, and the McArthur Group (about 1.65 NT), Australia, is reported in order to obtain better constrained data for the first- and second-order variations in the isotopic composition of late Paleoproterozoic (1.9 +/- 0.2 Ga) seawater. Petrologically, both carbonate sequences are mostly dolostones. The McArthur population contains more abundant textural features that attest to the former presence of sulfates and halite, and the facies investigated represent ancient equivalents of modern evaporitic sabkhas and lacustrine playa lakes. It is suggested that dolomitization was an early diagenetic event and that the O-18 depletion of the Archean to late Paleoproterozoic carbonates is not an artifact of postdepositional alteration.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 56; 6 Ju; 2487-250
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  • 9
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    Geochemistry of Precambrian carbonates - 3-shelf seas and non-marine environments of the Archean (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Samples from the Pangola and Ventersdorp Supergroups (Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa) and from the Fortescue and Hamersley Groups (Pilbara Block, Australia) were analyzed, using XRF, AAS, and isotope-analysis techniques to investigate the mineralogical, chemical, and isotopic features of these representatives of contemporary shelf carbonates (Pangola and Hamersley samples) and nonmarine carbonates (the Ventersdorp and Fortescue samples). Results show that, mineralogically, the shelf carbonates are almost exclusively dolostones, while the lacustrine facies are predominantly limestones. Geological, trace-element, and oxygen-isotope results of the shelf carbonates suggest that their original mineralogy may have been aragonite, and that the Pangola dolostones may represent a direct dolomitization product of this precursor. By contrast, the stabilization of the Hamersley carbonates may have involved an additional step of transformation of a metastable precursor into limestone.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 54; 2717-272
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