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Activation of ribosomal and messenger RNA synthesis in excised Jerusalem artichoke tuber slices (1977)

Byrne, Henry ; Setterfield, George

Springer

Planta 136 (1977), S. 203-210

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ISSN: 1432-2048

Keywords: Helianthus ; mRNA ; rRNA ; Tuber

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract RNA synthesis was studied in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tuber slices immediately following excision and during the early period of aging in water. Incorporation of [3H]adenosine into RNA was detected as early as 20 min after excision. Measurement of the specific activities of RNA (cpm/μg) and of ATP showed that RNA synthesis proceeded at a constant rate for the first several hours of aging and then increased moderately. [3H]adenosine was incorporated into polysomes throughout the aging period examined. Sucrose gradient fractionation of EDTA-dissociated polysomes showed that during the first 2 h of aging most of this incorporation was not into ribosome subunits but into presumed mRNA. Autoradiographic analysis of [3H]adenosine labelled nuclei showed that this was caused, at least in part, by a delay in the onset of rRNA synthesis synthesized during this time chromatographed as poly(A)-RNA on oligo(dT)-cellulose, indicating that a large part of the mRNA was not polyadenylated.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385986

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Effects of taxol on microtubule arrays in cultured higher plant cells (1986)

Weerdenburg, Carol ; Falconer, Marcia M. ; Setterfield, George ; [et al.]

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 469-478

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ISSN: 0886-1544

Keywords: plant microtubules ; mitosis ; cytokinesis ; plant cell culture ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Treatment with 10 μm taxol disrupted mitotic and cytoplasmic arrays of microtubules (MT) in cultured cells of two higher plants, Vicia hajastana (vetch) and Zinnia elegans. When treated for 1, 24, and 48 h, cells in both cultures showed similar effects. After 1 h, multipolar arrays of MT were noted in prophase, large aster-like arrays of MT appeared in metaphase, and extra MT shared poles with otherwise normal-appearing metaphase and anaphase configurations. After 24 and 48 h, some phragmoplasts were multipartite or misplaced. In interphase cells, micronuclei and multinucleate cells were evidence of irregular mitosis and cytokinesis. Cytoplasmic MT in elongated cells were oriented parallel to, instead of at right angles to the long axis of the cell. Some interphase cells lost asymmetry while maintaining organized arrays of MT. Taxol appears to disrupt mitotic and cytoplasmic arrays of MT, seemingly overriding the mechanism(s) regulating MT polymerization and orientation.

Additional Material: 5 Ill.