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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-Free latex films as dual-phase electrolytes: Styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile-butadiene rubber synthesized by emulsion polymerization with poly-(vinyl pyrrolidone) stabilizer (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 2505-2515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymer electrolyte ; latex ; battery ; styrene-butadiene ; acrylonitrile-butadiene ; dual-phase ; emulsion polymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ion-free latices of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with use of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) stabilizer. The goal was to prepare ion-free latex films, possessing dual-phase latex particle morphology, and swell the films with liquid electrolyte to yield dual-phase polymer electrolytes (DPE). SBR/PVP latex was prepared readily, but NBR/PVP latex was sensitive to coagulation. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses of latex films provided morphological evidence concerning particle structure and phase separation. Blends of NBR/PVP and PB/PVP latices (PB = polybutadiene) were also investigated, but particle structure was not present in the blended latex film, even though particle structure was present in the individual NBR/PVP and PB/PVP latex films. After extensive swelling of SBR/PVP latex films, PVP was extracted from the films, and ionic conductivities greater than 10-3 S/cm were achieved. © 1994-John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321313
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual-phase solid polymer electrolytes prepared from styrene-butadiene copolymer latices (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 1701-1707 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: solid polymer electrolytes ; latex ; battery ; styrene-butadiene ; dual-phase ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new dual-phase solid polymer electrolyte system has been proposed. In this system, a network of ion pathways is formed in a low-polarity, host polymer matrix. A series of electrolytes were prepared from styrene-butadiene copolymer latices with dissolved lithium salts. Polymer films were formed from these latices, and then impregnated with γ-butyrolactone (γ-BL) or γ-butyrolactone/dimethoxyethane mixture (γ-BL/DME), giving latex polymer electrolytes. The ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte system increased with increasing solvent content, although a distinct percolation threshold was not measured. Ionic conductivity also increased with the use of DME cosolvent, with the highest conductivity being 1.4 × 10-4S/cm. Complex impedance diagrams are discussed. The diagrams show significant deviations from the ideal. TEM/SEM observations are consistent with the desired dual-phase morphology. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310708
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of ion-free latex particles composed of polybutadiene and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) as polymer electrolyte materials (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 767-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: emulsion polymerization ; ion-free ; polybutadiene ; poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) ; polymer electrolyte ; latex ; core-shell ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of polybutadiene (PB) by emulsion polymerization with use of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) stabilizer was investigated. The goal was to prepare flexible latex films that clearly retain particle morphology in the solid state after heat treatment and contain no ionic, hydroxyl, or (primary, secondary) amino groups. The latex particle core composed of PB was nonpolar and rubbery, while the particle shell composed of PVP was polar and glassy. Average particle diameter was measured by the dynamic light scattering technique, and particles were imaged by scanning and transmission electron microscopic analyses. Dialysis of the latices resulted in successful exchange of the dispersion medium without precipitation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320415
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual-Phase structure of polymer electrolytes comprised of NBR/SBR latex films swollen with lithium salt solution (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 2551-2558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: latex ; polymer electrolyte ; dual-phase ; acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) ; styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) ; TEM ; EELS ; EDX ; percolation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dual-phase polymer electrolytes (DPE) that have high ionic conductivity (〉 10-3 S/cm) and good mechanical strength were prepared by mixing NBR and SBR latices and casting films. The latex films absorbed large quantities of lithium salt solution (e.g., 1M lithium perchlorate in γ-butyrolactone) to obtain DPE films but did not dissolve with swelling. The NBR phase is polar and was impregnated selectively with the polar lithium salt solution, whereas the SBR phase is nonpolar and formed a mechanically-supportive matrix. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM), electron energy loss spectral (EELS), and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analyses showed microscopically the dual-phase structure. Evidence for swelling by lithium salt solution was found only in the NBR phase and not in the SBR phase by EDX microanalysis. Ionic conductivity as a function of NBR content or swelling degree showed clearly that a percolation threshold for ionic conductivity exists. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321318
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New solid polymer electrolytes prepared from styrene-butadiene copolymer latices (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 589-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: solid polymer electrolyte ; latex ; styrene-butadiene copolymer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310234
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