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  • 1
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    The Geology of Pluto and Charon Through the Eyes of New Horizons (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: NASA's New Horizons spacecraft has revealed the complex geology of Pluto and Charon. Pluto shows ongoing surface geological activity centered on a vast basin containing a thick layer of volatile ices that is involved in convection and advection, with a crater retention age no greater than 10 Ma. Surrounding terrains show active glacial flow, apparent transport and rotation of large buoyant water-ice crustal blocks, and pitting by sublimation erosion and/or collapse. More enigmatic features include tall mounds with central depressions that are conceivably cryovolcanic, and ridges with complex bladed textures. Pluto also has ancient cratered terrains up to 4 Ga old that are extensionally fractured and extensively mantled and eroded by glacial or other processes. Charon is not currently active, but experienced major extensional tectonism and resurfacing (probably cryovolcanic) nearly 4 billion years ago. Impact crater populations on Pluto and Charon are not consistent with the steepest proposed impactor size-frequency distributions.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN29593
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    The Ganymede Interior Structure, and Magnetosphere Observer (GISMO) Mission Concept (2011)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The NASA Planetary Science Summer School (PSSS) at JPL offers graduate students and young professionals a unique opportunity to learn about the mission design process. Program participants select and design a mission based on a recent NASA Science Mission Directorate Announcement of Opportunity (AO). Starting with the AO, in this case the 2009 New Frontiers AO, participants generate a set of science goals and develop a early mission concept to accomplish those goals within the constraints provided. As part of the 2010 NASA PSSS, the Ganymede Interior, Surface, and Magnetosphere Observer (GISMO) team developed a preliminary satellite design for a science mission to Jupiter's moon Ganymede. The science goals for this design focused on studying the icy moon's magnetosphere, internal structure, surface composition, geological processes, and atmosphere. By the completion of the summer school an instrument payload was selected and the necessary mission requirements were developed to deliver a spacecraft to Ganymede that would accomplish the defined science goals. This poster will discuss those science goals, the proposed spacecraft and the proposed mission design of this New Frontiers class Ganymede observer.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 07, 2011 - Mar 11, 2011; The Woodlands, TX; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Sublimation as a Landform-Shaping Process on Pluto (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Several icy-world surfaces in the solar system exhibit sublimation-driven landform modification erosion, condensation, and mass wasting [1]. In addition to the obvious role of gravity, mass wasting can work in conjunction with internal disaggregation of a landform's relief-supporting material through the loss (or deteriorating alteration) of its cohesive matrix. To give a conspicuous example, Callisto's landscape exhibits widespread erosion from sublimation erosion of slopes, which results in smooth, undulating, low albedo plains composed of lag deposits, with isolated high albedo pinnacles perched on remnants of crater rims due to the re-precipitation of ice on local cold traps [2, 3, 4]. Sublimation-driven mass wasting was anticipated on Pluto prior to the encounter (see refs in [5]). Here we report on several landscapes on Pluto we interpret to be formed, or at least heavily modified, by sublimation erosion.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN29917 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 21, 2016 - Mar 25, 2016; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 4
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    Surface Compositions Across Pluto and Charon (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Kuiper Belt hosts a swarm of distant, icy objects ranging in size from small, primordial planetesimals to much larger, highly evolved objects, representing a whole new class of previously unexplored cryogenic worlds. Pluto, the largest among them, along with its system of five satellites, has been revealed by NASAs New Horizons spacecraft flight through the system in July 2015, nearly a decade after its launch.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN40514 , Science (ISSN 0036-8075) (e-ISSN 1095-9203); 351; 6279; aad9189
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  • 5
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    The Formation of Charon's Red Poles from Seasonally Cold-Trapped Volatiles (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A unique feature of Plutos large satellite Charon is its dark red northern polar cap. Similar colours on Plutos surface have been attributed to tholin-like organic macromolecules produced by energetic radiation processing of hydrocarbons. The polar location on Charon implicates the temperature extremes that result from Charons high obliquity and long seasons in the production of this material. The escape of Pluto's atmosphere provides a potential feedstock for a complex chemistry. Gas from Pluto that is transiently cold-trapped and processed at Charon's winter pole was proposed as an explanation for the dark coloration on the basis of an image of Charon's northern hemisphere, but not modelled quantitatively. Here we report images of the southern hemisphere illuminated by Pluto-shine and also images taken during the approach phase that show the northern polar cap over a range of longitudes. We model the surface thermal environment on Charon and the supply and temporary cold-trapping of material escaping from Pluto, as well as the photolytic processing of this material into more complex and less volatile molecules while cold-trapped. The model results are consistent with the proposed mechanism for producing the observed colour pattern on Charon.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN40508 , Nature (ISSN 0028-0836) (e-ISSN 1476-4687); 539; 7627; 65-68
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  • 6
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    Pluto's Global Surface Composition Through Pixel-by-Pixel Hapke Modeling of New Horizons Ralph LEISA Data (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: On July 14th 2015, NASA's New Horizons mission gave us an unprecedented detailed view of the Pluto system. The complex compositional diversity of Pluto's encounter hemisphere was revealed by the Ralph/LEISA infrared spectrometer on board of New Horizons. We present compositional maps of Pluto defining the spatial distribution of the abundance and textural properties of the volatiles methane and nitrogen ices and non-volatiles water ice and tholin. These results are obtained by applying a pixel-by-pixel Hapke radiative transfer model to the LEISA scans. Our analysis focuses mainly on the large scale latitudinal variations of methane and nitrogen ices and aims at setting observational constraints to volatile transport models. Specifically, we find three latitudinal bands: the first, enriched in methane, extends from the pole to 55degN, the second dominated by nitrogen, continues south to 35 degN, and the third, com- posed again mainly of methane, reaches 20 degN. We demonstrate that the distribution of volatiles across these surface units can be explained by differences in insolation over the past few decades. The latitudinal pattern is broken by Sputnik Planitia, a large reservoir of volatiles, with nitrogen playing the most important role. The physical properties of methane and nitrogen in this region are suggestive of the presence of a cold trap or possible volatile stratification. Furthermore our modeling results point to a possible sublimation transport of nitrogen from the northwest edge of Sputnik Planitia toward the south.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN40441 , Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035) (e-ISSN 1090-2643); 287; 218-228
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