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  • Litopenaeus vannamei  (46)
  • 1
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    Immunological findings in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to attenuated WSSV vaccine produced by Gamma irradiation (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this research, White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) with 105.4LD50.mL-1 inactivated with gamma irradiation at a dose rate of 14-15 kGy.sec-1 was used as a vaccine. Three hundred and sixty shrimp of Litopenaeus vannamei, medium body weight (MBW) 1.0±0.17g), were prepared and experimentally exposed. They were distributed among four groups, inclusing vaccinated-virus exposed (T1), vaccinated-nonvirus exposed (T2), virus exposed (Positive control as T3) and non-vaccinated-non-virus exposed (Negative control as T4). The mortality percent of T1 started from day 5 and reached the highest (50%) on day 11 and remained constant until end of the experiment. In T2, no mortality was observed until the 3rd day and the maximum mortality (20%) was observed on day 9. On the other hand, no remarkable mortality was recorded for T4 unlike T3 in which the mortality started on day 2 and stopped on day 7. The minimum density of hyalinocyte was calculated in T4 but the maximum one was found in T3 (17.77±0.33) with no significant differences (p〈0.05) compared to T2 (16.59±0.96). A significant difference (p〈0.05) was observed between the values of Total Haemocyte Count (THC) before and after exposing to virus in T1. Total Protein Plasma (TPP) decreased to 29.03±3.41, while it was higher than 25.96±2.75 in T3 after 7 days. Such results might be responsible for developing resistance against WSSV in gamma irradiant vaccine in L. vannamei in comparison to T3 while the cause of mortality in T2 could be due to the lower effectiveness.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish disease ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Shrimp ; WSSV ; Gamma irradiant ; Haemolymph parameters ; Mortality rate ; Immunological ; Gamma ; Syndrome
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.382-396
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  • 2
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    The effect of different salinities on mortality and histopathological changes of SPF imported Litopenaeus vannamei, experimentally exposed to White Spot Virus and a new differential hemocyte staining method (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Shrimp farmers have been suffering from loss of production due to White Spot Disease (WSD) in the last decades. A few studies focused on the environmental factors predisposed WSD. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of the different salinities on occurrence of WSD. The treatments were 30 ppt, 40 ppt and 50 ppt in triplicate and corresponding untreated control groups. White Spot Virus (WSV) was intramuscularly injected to the shrimp in whole treatments. PCR and histopathological findings within the measurement of some hemolymph parameters such as Differentiated Hemocyte Count (DHC), Total Hemocyte Count (THC) and Total Plasma Protein (TPP) were carried out. A positive result was observed for the occurrence of the antigen of the WSV obtained from the samples of each treatment of salinity due to the challenging treatments with the WSV. Mortality at the salinity of 30 ppt began at 72 h post inoculation as well as the salinity of 40 ppt, but at 50 ppt it started after 50 h. The Minimum and maximum count of mortality at the salinity of 30, 40 and 50 ppt were 3.5, 8.5 0.5, 4.5 and 1.5, 7.5, respectively. No mortality was observed in the untreated control groups of 30, 40 and 50 ppt during the experiment. It is concluded that the higher and the lower salinity, lesser or greater than the normal condition in exposed to WSV could lead to severe mortality of WSD.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: WSD ; Salinity ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; THC ; TPP ; DHC ; Mortality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.447-460
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  • 3
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    Molecular Identification of Vibrio harveyi From Larval Stage of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Boone (Crustacea:Decapoda)By Polymerase Chain Reaction and 16S rDNA Sequencing (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and halophilic bacterium identified as Vibrio harveyi was isolated from hatchery-reared larval of Iran Shrimp Research Centerfollowing mass mortality . Seven isolates of Vibrio spp.were collected from nauplii of Litopenaeus vannamei and then were evaluated for characteristics including morphology, physiology and biochemistry. The results indicated that the isolates belonged to a single species that grew on Thiosulfate citrate- Bile Sucrose agar and in 1.5 to 6% NaCl, positive lysine and ornithine decarboxylation and susceptible to O/129 disk. Identification of Vibrio harveyi strainIS01 (1 of 7 isolates) was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction assay for Vibrio harveyi (expected amplicon 1493 bp). The 16S ribosomal DNA sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information, GenBank accession number GU974342.1) gave 99% sequence identity to V. harveyi ATCC: 35084 (GenBank accession number EU130475.1).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Genetics ; Vibriosis ; Shrimp diseases ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; 16S rDNA sequencing ; Molecular
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.384-393
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  • 4
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    The effect of created hemolymph apoptosis on WSSV Gama-vaccinated shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei in WSSV disease control (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent responsible for huge-shrimp viral epidemics in shrimp farms throughout the world. Our study was aimed to determine the effect of WSSV Gamma-vaccinated Litopenaeus vannamei on the occurrence of apoptosis. One thousand and twenty PL15 were randomly distributed among 2 treatments and two control groups. Gama-Vaccinated shrimp and non-Gamma-vaccinated ones were our treated and untreated groups. Based on our results significant differences (p〈0.05) were observed in survival percent between vaccinated-exposed group (82.33±2.51) and non-vaccinated exposed group (26.00±10.00). It is concluded that apoptosis can be a helpful process in enhancing the immune response in shrimp especially against WSSV.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish disease ; Apoptosis ; Hemolymph ; WSSV ; Litopenaeus vannamei
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.301-310
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  • 5
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    Multiple infections in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock in commercial hatcheries in Khouzestan Province (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study was carried out to investigate the status of health and disease, and their impact on shrimp broodstock (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Khouzestan Province (Choeibde Area) in the south of Iran. From March 2012 until April 2013, about 140 broodstock and 5000 postlarvae (PLs) were collected from hatcheries and grow out farms. Clinical signs of samples were documented in take history forms and then the samples were transported to Iranian South Aquaculture Institute (Ahvaz). Bacterial and fungal studies were carried out on hemolymph, hepatopancreas and gill tissue and then the shrimps were preserved in Davidson Fixative for histopathology. A part of uropods was also preserved in ethyl alcohol for PCR study and detecting three viruses, WSSV, TSV and IMNV. A part of PLs was also preserved in ethyl alcohol for PCR and the remaining was preserved in Davidson Fixative for histopathology. The results showed that 5 bacteria consisting of Vibrio alginolyticus, V. proteolyticus, V. mimicus, A. hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides and one fungi Aspergillus fumigatus were identified. The results of PCR exhibited that the broodstock was free of the three viruses and the PL was infected with WSSV. In histopathology some tissues showed the effects of Vibrio infection in different organs such as gill and midgut, and the infection of PL tissues showed the Cowdry type A inclusion bodies in WSSV. Two specific signs of abnormality were also exhibited in histopathology that we call them Pseudo inclusion and Reolike particles and we need to conduct a new study to clarify detailed information about these finding. This finding can be used for assessing the health of shrimp culture and prevention of disease in broodstock in Iran.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish processing ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Vibrio alginolyticus ; Plesiomonas shigelloides ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Shrimp broodstock ; Health ; Disease ; Histopathology ; PCR ; Commercial
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.869-885
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  • 6
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    Growth and survival rates, mean weight, food conversion ratio and total harvest in cultured Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: To introduce Litopenaeus vannamei to Iran as a cultured shrimp species, a experimental study was carried out to assess the effects of different stocking densities on growth rate, mean weight, survival rate, food conversion ratio and the total harvest of L. vannamei. Mee post-larval groups (P1,12) of L. vannamei (pond A: 20 PL/m2, pond B: 30 PL/m2 and pond C: 50 PL/m2) with average size 0.9cm and initial mean weight 0.01±0.005g were used in this study. The experiments were carried out in three replications in 9 earthen ponds each half a hectare in size in Khouzestan province, south of Iran during 110 days. The result showed there was no significant correlation (P〉0.05) between stocking density and survival rate in the semi intensive culture condition. Mean survival rate among farms were greatest at the lowest density, where mean survival in pond A, B, and C was 88.6%, 83.3%, 73.3%, respectively but the differences were not significant (P〉0.05). The results also showed there was no significant relationship (P〉0.05) between growth rate and growth days in each experiment. The mean growth rate/days for ponds A, B, and C were calculated at 0.16g/day, 0.16g/day and 0.15g/day, respectively. The food conversion ratio in the end of the study period for ponds A, B and C was 1.01, 1.17 and 1.2, respectively. Shrimp production increased with an increase in stocking density when farm production at Pond A and B indicated a significant difference (P〈0.05) compared to that of the pond C. The total shrimp production for ponds A, B and C was calculated at 2803kg/ha, 3146kg/ha and 3972kg/ha, respectively. The water temperature ranged between 28±3°C to 23±3°C, with the highest in July and lowest in September. Salinity ranged between 25±2ppt to 12±3ppt, pH ranged between 8.6±0.2 to 7.50.4 and dissolved oxygen ranged between 5.8± 0.4ppm to 5.3±0.3ppm throughout the study. The study proved that L. vannamei could adapt to common conditions in Iranian shrimp culture environment and also we showed that the species production was higher than the native species already under culture.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Stocking density ; Shrimp culture ; Food conversion ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Growth rate ; Weight ; Survival ; Marine
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.15-22
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  • 7
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    Tracking of Hepatopancreatic parvo-like virus (HPV) disease in Litopenaeus vannamei of the hatcheries in the Bushehr Province (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Presence of hepatopancreatic parvo-like vines (HPV) disease was assessed from June until October 2009 in Litopenaeus vannamei hatcheries and grow-out farms of the Bushehr province. Samples were collected from 6 hatcheries and 6 grow-out farms located in coasted areas. From each hatchery, 100 PL samples with average age PL5-PL8 and 20-30 samples from each grow-out farm with average age 105 to 120 days were collected. The samples were divided into three groups one used for gross sign and wet mount with Gimsa, the second group was preserved in Davidson Fixative and used for histopathology and the third group was fixed in ethyl alcohol 95% and used for polymerase chain Reaction (PCR). In gross sign 30%- 40% of the shrimp showed different sizes and some were smaller than the others. In the wet mount group with Gimsa staining of hepatopancrease, the inclusion body with basophilic color was seen. The histopathology indicated that the hepatopancreatic cell was infected and the basophilic inclusion body observed in many samples. The PCR examined with IQ 2000 Kit was negative. The rate of infection (ROI) was 1.1% for hatcheries and 32% for grow-out farms.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei ; Gross Sign ; Hepatopancreatic ; HPV ; Virus ; Hatcheries ; PCR
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.107-118
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  • 8
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    Isolation and identification of bacterial and fungal microflora from Litopenaeus vannamei in Choibdeh, Abadan (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Bacterial and fungal microflora of Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in Choibdeh, Abadan was studied. For this purpose, PLs before and after stocking and those shrimps persisting on food tray from June to August, 2006 were taken randomly. Live samples transferred to microbiology laboratory of South Aquaculture Research Center, Ahwaz. Special culture media (e.g. Tryptic Soy Agar + 1.5-2% Nacl and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar + 1.5-2% Nacl) were used for bacterial and fungal culture. We isolated 10 bacterial species of which Vibrio alginolyticus (36.92%) had high abundance among bacterial species. We also isolated and identified three fungal species including Aspergillus niger (66.66%) A. fumigates (16.66%) and Fusarium sp. (16.66%). A. niger was predominant among fungal species. All bacterial and fungal species that were identified were opportunistic.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Shrimp culture ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Microorganisms ; Freshwater
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.161-168
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  • 9
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    The comparative of histopathological study of different organs in vaccination, nonvaccination and exposed to white spot disease in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei during the study (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent responsible for huge-shrimp viral epidemics in shrimp farms throughout the world.Our study was aimed to determine the effect of WSSV Gamma-vaccinated Litopenaeus vannamei in occurrence of apoptosis. One thousand and twenty PL15 were randomly distributed among 2 treatments and two control groups. Gama-Vaccinated shrimp and none-Gamma-vaccinated ones were our treated and untreated groups. Our result showed there is a significant difference (p〈.05) between vaccinatedexposed group (82.33±2.51) and none-vaccinated exposed group (26.00±10.00) was about 56%. It is concluded that apoptosis can be a helpful process as immune function in shrimp especially against WSSV.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Histopathological ; Vaccination ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; WSSV ; Gamma ; Immune
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 30pp.
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  • 10
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    Evaluation growths and survival indexes of vaccinated Litopenaeus vannamei against white spot virus syndrome (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Nowadays, white spot virus disease is serious threat for breeding and culture industry of shrimp. In this study was increasing resistance of shrimp against white spot virus by using modern methods such as shrimp vaccination with inactivated viruses and recombinant proteins. The aim of this study were determine the growth and survival rates vaccinated and non-vaccinated of Litopenaeus vannamei (5 to 15 and 12 to 26 day), that were challenged with white spot virus in 40 and 60 day rearing. This study consisted two separate groups were vaccinated and non-vaccinated with 11 treatments experimental and each of replicate was stocked 1000 pieces by post larva of 5 to15 and 12 to 26 day. After vaccination, two groups of post larvae exposed to the white spot virus at 40 and 60 day, one groups no exposure to the virus. Samplings were randomly of shrimp in 40, 60 and 80 days 10 pieces each of treatment experimental and measured mean of weight and length. Also, number of deaths was recorded at morning and evening daily and calculated survival rate at the end of study. The results showed growth rate of post larvae vaccinated (5 to15 day) which exposed to white spot virus at 40 and 60 was significantly lower than non-vaccinated of post larval, while the growth rate of post larval exposed to virus in 60 day was significantly increased. On the other hand, growth rate of post larval vaccination (12 to 26 day) exposed to virus in 60 day compared with post larval vaccination (5 to 15 and 12 to 26) exposed to virus in 40 and 60 days was significantly increased. Hence, growth rate was significantly increased in post larval vaccinated (5 to 15 and 12 to 26) which non-exposed to virus. Although the survival rate was post larval vaccinated (12 to 26 days) exposed to virus Post larvae in 60 day higher than post larval were exposed to virus in 40 and 60, but no significant differences were observed. However, relative mortality of post larval vaccination in 12 to 26 day compared with post larval vaccination in 5 to 15 days exposed to virus were significantly lower. Considering growth and survival index was improved of post larval vaccination can be concluded that the optimum age for vaccination against white spot virus of L.vannamei was 12 to 26 day.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: White spot virus ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Vaccination ; Growth ; Survival rate
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 45pp.
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