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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: We show that using borehole measurements in tectonomagnetic experiments allows enhancement of the observed signals. New magnetic dipoles, which vary with stress changes from mechanical sources, are produced on the walls of the borehole. We evaluate such an effect quantitatively. First we formulate a general expression for the borehole effect due to any arbitrary source models. This is valid everywhere above the ground surface as well as within the cylindrical hole. A first-order approximate solution is given by a line of horizontal dipoles and vertical quadrupoles along the central axis of the borehole, which is valid above the ground surface and a slightly away (several tens of cm) from the top of the borehole. Selecting the Mogi model as an example, we numerically evaluated the borehole effect. It turned out that the vertical quadrupoles produce two orders of magnitude more intense magnetic field than the horizontal dipoles. The borehole effect is very local, i.e. detectable only within a few m from its outlet, since it is of the same order or more than the case without a borehole. However, magnetic lines of force cannot reach the ground surface from a deeper portion (〉10 m) of a borehole.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: piezomagnetic effect ; borehole magnetic measurement ; the Mogi model ; Long Valley ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 2095-2100 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Early stage of spinodal decomposition kinetics of deuterated polycarbonate/poly(methylmethacrylate) blend has been studied by the time resolved small angle neutron scattering measurements. A trapped miscible state was obtained through fast solution casting of film specimens. Time dependence of the structure factor, S(q,t), was measured after the specimen temperature was quickly increased to a final temperature which is above its glass transition temperature, Tg. Thus, the early stage of spinodal decomposition kinetics has been observed starting from the dimension (q−1) comparable to the single chain radius of gyration, Rg, for a binary polymer mixture. The results provide an unequivocal quantitative measure of the virtual structure factor, S(q,∞); the relationship of qm and qc through rate of growth, Cahn-plot analysis, and singularity in S(q,∞); the growth of fluctuation of qRg〈1 and intrachain relaxation of qRg(approximately-greater-than)1; and also a clear proof of the Cahn–Hillard–Cook theory in the early stage of spinodal decomposition of a mean-field system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 2833-2838 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus for deformation of solids in liquid 3He is constructed. Either tensile deformation or compression of a specimen can be performed by exchanging the assemblies in the 3He pot which has a capacity of about 30 cm3. The pulling rod for transmitting load from the tensile testing machine to the specimen runs inside the outlet tube of 3He, being isolated from 4He bath and almost free from mechanical friction. To measure the change in flow stress with the supernormal transition of superconducting metals, a superconducting magnet is mounted outside of the vacuum chamber which separates the 3He pot and the 4He bath. Under an applied load for plastic deformation the system is stably operative down to 0.6 K, while the lowest temperature achieved is 0.5 K. Some results on Ta and NaCl are presented. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 2214-2216 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To search the new magnetic regenerator materials in the temperature range near 4 K, specific heat behavior of pseudobinary compounds ErxDy1−xSb(x=0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) was studied at temperatures from 2 to 40 K. The ordering temperature shifts from 3.5 to 9.5 K with increasing the concentration of the Dy+3 ion. The compounds of 1(approximately-greater-than)x(approximately-greater-than)0 show the gradual magnetic phase transition. The change of entropy associated with the magnetic phase transition is close to R ln 2 for all compounds. The change of magnetic entropy up to 40 K increases rapidly with decreasing the concentration of the Dy+3 ion, which implies that more excited states exist. The compounds of lower concentration of the Dy+3 ion have properties well suited for magnetic regenerative material around the temperature range of 4 K. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 7410-7412 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The heat capacity of the ternary compounds RNiGe(R=Er, Dy, Gd, and Y) was studied in the temperature range between 2 and 40 K. From the heat capacity curves, Néel temperatures are found to be 3.3, 7.4, and 10.7 K for ErNiGe, DyNiGe, and GdNiGe, respectively. The heat capacity of YNiGe was well fitted with an average Debye temperature of 272 K in the temperature range between 2 and 40 K. The changes of magnetic entropy indicate a strong influence of the crystal field on the Er+3 and Dy+3 ion in ErNiGe and DyNiGe compounds. These results suggest the possibility of using these compounds as magnetic regenerator materials near the temperature of 4.2 K. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 3593-3597 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetization-curling mode in a columnar-structure film with perpendicular magnetization is studied on the assumption that the film is a two-dimensional array of cylinders. The angular dependence of the nucleation field HN is calculated by the Ritz method and compared with that for the coherent-rotation mode. It is found that the magnetization rotates in the curling mode for a large reduced radius S and in the coherent-rotation mode for a small S. The angular dependence of HN is different from that in an infinite cylinder. If S is large, the magnetization rotates in the curling mode for any value of θ0, where θ0 is the angle between the applied field and the cylinder axis. When S is medium, the magnetization rotates in the coherent-rotation mode for a small θ0 and in the curling mode for a large θ0. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 3873-3878 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A complex new magnetic refrigerant, suitable for the ideal Ericsson cycle, has been investigated. Above ∼15 K it is necessary to use ferromagnets as a magnetic refrigerant. However, temperature variation for the magnetic entropy change in a homogeneous ferromagnet is not suitable for the Ericsson cycle. The present paper verifies, from theoretical analysis, that a complex ferromagnetic material, for instance, (ErAl2)0.312(HoAl2)0.198 (Ho0.5Dy0.5Al2)0.490, has the most suitable characteristics for the ideal Ericsson cycle, including two kinds of isomagnetic field processes. On the basis of the above consideration, a sintered layer structural complex has been prepared, composed of three kinds of RAl2.15 layers, where R's are rare-earth atoms. From specific heat measurements made on this complex, its entropy and entropy change have been determined. It has been concluded that the complex magnetic material is the most hopeful refrigerant for the Ericsson cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 2447-2447 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 784-786 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron holography performed in a transmission electron microscope, has been used to measure the width of 90° domain walls in tetragonal BaTiO3, and to determine the magnitude and distribution of the polarization across these walls. The walls are found to be between 15 and 25 A(ring) in width. The polarization and its measured variation are in good agreement with other estimates. Fringe splitting has been observed in some holograms and it is suggested that this is due to the presence of charged oxygen vacancies on the walls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrated low-noise and high-power GaAlAs laser diodes with small astigmatism. The low-noise characteristics are realized by self-sustained pulsation due to the saturable absorption of a single-quantum-well located close to the triple-quantum-well active layer. The high-power and small-astigmatism characteristics are achieved by using a real refractive index guided self-aligned structure. The lasers showed a relative intensity noise less than −130 dB/Hz under 10% optical feedback in a very wide output-power range (5–35 mW), a stable fundamental transverse mode up to 150 mW, and astigmatism less than 1 μm. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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