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  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems  (10)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (7)
  • Seismology  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of covalent carbon - nitride solids: Alternatives to diamond? (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 497-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940060614
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of new copolymers containing hindered amine (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1405-1412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Eight new copolymers containing hindered amine (HA) were synthesized by copolymerization of vinyl monomers [styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA)] with new functional monomers produced by reaction of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (ATMP) and epoxy compounds containing double bond, and mixture copolymerization of vinyl monomers (St and MMA) with a mixture of ATMP and above epoxy compounds. The structure of these new copolymers were characterized by IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The properties of these new copolymers were described and their photoprotecting effectiveness examined. Experimental results indicate that they possess high photoprotecting effectiveness comparable to or higher than that of a commercial polymeric HALS “PDS.” © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface Modification of Polyethylene Terephthalate with Excimer UV RadiationPaper presented at Fourth International Conference on Adhesion and Surface Analysis, Loughborough, 16-18 April 1996. (1996)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 24 (1996), S. 718-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photochemical dry etching and surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was investigated with an incoherent excimer UV source, employing a dielectric barrier discharge in krypton chloride to provide intense narrow-band radiation at λ=222 nm (KrCl*). The roughness of the exposed PET was measured with a stylus profilometer. The morphology of the irradiated PET films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after different exposure times and the roughness of PET can be controlled by UV intensity and exposure times. Etching rate is 40 times higher than that for photochemical etching of PET with a conventional mercury lamp. The chemical changes in the UV-exposed PET surface layer were determined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) by measurement of the intensity of the C - C, C - O and O - C=O bonds after irradiation with the KrCl* excimer lamp.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy absorption in polymer crazing (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 683-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The total energy absorbed by a craze during its development in creep is analyzed and calculated on the basis of a time-dependent theory of crazing. Experimental measurements of the craze length have been utilized in the energy calculations. For polystyrene the initial energy absorption in the craze region is found to be several hundred times that in the uncrazed medium. This ratio decreases sharply in a short period of time to about 50 to 1 and less and remains low afterward. For polycarbonate, somewhat similar behavior has been found. The initial strain energy absorption by crazing is about 200 times that in the uncrazed region. The energy ratio reduces rapidly to about 55 to 1 and tends to level off thereafter. However, in general, the amount of strain energy absorbed does increase as a function of time, as it should.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230406
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crazing as quasifracture in an oriented viscoelastic medium (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2579-2597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Crazes of different types occur in polymeric systems. Long, sparse crazes develop in less oriented molecular systems, while fine, short, dense crazes occur in highly oriented molecular systems. Different crazing mechanisms and different models may have to be studied for a better understanding of these differences. However, in this report, using one model and one theory, an analysis has been made of the differences in the geometry of craze development. By emphasizing the mechanism of molecular orientation, it is found that the basic differences are essentially attributable to the variation of the anisotropy of the material system as a result of large deformation rather than to any fundamental differences in the crazing mechanism.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231214
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of model networks with reptating chains to study extraction efficienciesPresented in part at a meeting of the Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, Chicago, 1982. (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 21 (1983), S. 1971-1979 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It is possible to prepare “model” elastomeric networks having known values of the molecular weight Mc between crosslinks by endlinking functionally terminated polymer chains having number-average molecular weights Mn equal to the desired values of Mc. If chains having chemically inert groups at both ends are intentionally included during the preparation of such a system, they will remain unattached, merely reptating through the subsequently formed network structure. This technique was used to prepare a series of tetrafunctional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) networks having essentially the same degree of crosslinking (10-3Mc = 11.3 g mol-1) and constant amount of diluent in the form of unattached PDMS chains having molecular weights of 10-3Md = 26.4, 18.6, 15.8, 9.8, 6.7, 1.2, and 0.70 g mol-1. Because of the very high mobility of PDMS, it was also possible to introduce essentially the same amount of the same diluents into already formed PDMS networks having the same Mc. Extractions carried out using tetrahydrofuran at room temperature showed that the diluent (“sol fraction”) introduced by swelling the network is more easily removed than that present during the endlinking, possibly because of less convoluted arrangements within the network structure. Chains with the largest values of Md which were present during the endlinking were found to be very difficult to remove entirely. It is therefore extremely important to carry out exhaustive extractions to obtain reliable values of network sol fractions, particularly when such data are to be used to estimate extents of reaction in the preparation of end-linked elastomers.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.180211007
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model networks of end-linked polydimethylsiloxane chains. XIV. Stress-strain, thermoelastic, and birefringence measurements on the bimodal networks at very low temperaturesPresented in part at the 27th International Symposium on Macromolecules, Strasbourg, France. 1981. (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 473-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Bimodal networks consisting of very short and relatively long poiydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains were studied from 30 to -52°C in an attempt to elucidate the anomalous increases in modulus [f*] exhibited by such elastomeric materials at high elongations. Temperature was found to have very little effect on (i) the elongation at which the upturn in [f*] becomes discernible, (ii) the elongation at which rupture occurs, and (iii) the total increase in [f*] up to the rupture point. The standard force-temperature (“thermoelastic”) plots were linear, but gave values of the energetic contribution to the total force which were significantly smaller than those universally obtained on unimodal, long-chain PDMS networks. Birefringence-temperature relations were also found to be linear, and yielded values of the optical-configuration parameter and its temperature coefficient which were in satisfactory agreement with the corresponding values reported for unimodal PDMS networks. These results indicate that even at very low temperatures the observed increases in modulus (and consequent improvements in ultimate strength) are due to non-Gaussian effects arising from limited chain extensibility, rather than from intermolecular reinforcing effects such as strain-induced crystallization.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.180200309
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  • 8
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    Raman scattering study of spin-density-wave-induced anisotropic electronic properties in AFe_{2} As_{2} (A=Ca, Eu) (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-06
    Description: Author(s): W.-L. Zhang, Z. P. Yin, A. Ignatov, Z. Bukowski, Janusz Karpinski, Athena S. Sefat, H. Ding, P. Richard, and G. Blumberg We present a polarization-resolved and temperature-dependent Raman scattering study of A Fe 2 As 2 ( A = Ca , Eu). In the spin-density-wave phase, spectral weight redistribution is observed in the fully symmetric and nonsymmetric scattering channels at different energies. An anisotropic Raman response is ob… [Phys. Rev. B 93, 205106] Published Thu May 05, 2016
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Elastic wave finite-difference simulation using discontinuous curvilinear grid with non-uniform time step: two-dimensional case (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-24
    Description: A discontinuous grid finite-difference (FD) method with non-uniform time step Runge–Kutta scheme on curvilinear collocated-grid is developed for seismic wave simulation. We introduce two transition zones: a spatial transition zone and a temporal transition zone, to exchange wavefield across the spatial and temporal discontinuous interfaces. A Gaussian filter is applied to suppress artificial numerical noise caused by down-sampling the wavefield from the finer grid to the coarser grid. We adapt the non-uniform time step Runge–Kutta scheme to a discontinuous grid FD method for further increasing the computational efficiency without losing the accuracy of time marching through the whole simulation region. When the topography is included in the modelling, we carry out the discontinuous grid method on a curvilinear collocated-grid to obtain a sufficiently accurate free-surface boundary condition implementation. Numerical tests show that the proposed method can sufficiently accurately simulate the seismic wave propagation on such grids and significantly reduce the computational resources consumption with respect to regular grids.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
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    3-D numerical simulations of earthquake ground motion in sedimentary basins: testing accuracy through stringent models (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-12
    Description: Differences between 3-D numerical predictions of earthquake ground motion in the Mygdonian basin near Thessaloniki, Greece, led us to define four canonical stringent models derived from the complex realistic 3-D model of the Mygdonian basin. Sediments atop an elastic bedrock are modelled in the 1D-sharp and 1D-smooth models using three homogeneous layers and smooth velocity distribution, respectively. The 2D-sharp and 2D-smooth models are extensions of the 1-D models to an asymmetric sedimentary valley. In all cases, 3-D wavefields include strongly dispersive surface waves in the sediments. We compared simulations by the Fourier pseudo-spectral method (FPSM), the Legendre spectral-element method (SEM) and two formulations of the finite-difference method (FDM-S and FDM-C) up to 4 Hz. The accuracy of individual solutions and level of agreement between solutions vary with type of seismic waves and depend on the smoothness of the velocity model. The level of accuracy is high for the body waves in all solutions. However, it strongly depends on the discrete representation of the material interfaces (at which material parameters change discontinuously) for the surface waves in the sharp models. An improper discrete representation of the interfaces can cause inaccurate numerical modelling of surface waves. For all the numerical methods considered, except SEM with mesh of elements following the interfaces, a proper implementation of interfaces requires definition of an effective medium consistent with the interface boundary conditions. An orthorhombic effective medium is shown to significantly improve accuracy and preserve the computational efficiency of modelling. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of the results of the canonical cases greatly help to explain differences between numerical predictions of ground motion in realistic models of the Mygdonian basin. We recommend that any numerical method and code that is intended for numerical prediction of earthquake ground motion should be verified through stringent models that would make it possible to test the most important aspects of accuracy.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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