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  • 1
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    The relationship of global green leaf biomass to atmospheric CO2 concentrations (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Advanced very high resolution radiometer data from NOAA's polar orbiting meteorological satellite have been obtained globally for a 21 month period, processed to produce a green leaf biomass spectral vegetative index for the entire terrestrial surface by month, zonally aggregated by latitude, and compared to atmospheric CO2 concentrations from observing stations. A strong inverse association was found between the monthly Pt. Barrow CO2 concentrations and the vegetation index measurements from 50 deg N to 80 deg N, between the monthly Mauna Loa CO2 concentrations and the vegetation index measurements from 10 deg N to 30 deg N, 10 deg N to 80 deg N, and the global total, and between the globally averaged CO2 concentrations and the globally averaged vegetation index. No relationships between atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the vegetative index measurements from any latitude zone or combinations of zones were found for the South Pole station.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center, First Symposium on Biospheric Research; p 12
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Application of AVHRR vegetation index to study atmosphere-biosphere exchange of CO2: Results from a 3-D tracer transport model (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The 'normalized difference vegetation indices' (NVI) derived from AVHRR radiances are combined with field data of soil respiration and a global map of net primary productivity to prescribe, for the globe, the seasonal exchange of CO2 between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere. The monthly fluxes of CO2 thus obtained are used as inputs to a 3-D tracer transport model which uses winds generated by a 3-D atmospheric general circulation model to advect CO2 as an inert constituent. Analysis of the 3-D model results shows reasonable agreement between the simulated and observed annual cycles of atmospheric CO2 at the locations of the remote monitoring stations. The application is shown of atmospheric CO2 distributions to calibrate the NVI in terms of carbon fluxes. The approach suggests that the NVI may be used to provide quantitative information about long term and global scale variations of photosynthetic activity and of atmospheric CO2 concentrations provided that variations in the atmospheric circulation and in atmospheric composition are known.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center, First Symposium on Biospheric Research; p 11
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The Impact of Charcoal Production on Forest Degradation: a Case Study in Tete, Mozambique (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Charcoal production for urban energy consumption is a main driver of forest degradation in sub-Saharan Africa. Urban growth projections for the continent suggest that the relevance of this process will increase in the coming decades. Forest degradation associated to charcoal production is difficult to monitor and commonly overlooked and underrepresented in forest cover change and carbon emission estimates. We use a multi-temporal dataset of very high-resolution remote sensing images to map kiln locations in a representative study area of tropical woodlands in central Mozambique. The resulting maps provided a characterization of the spatial extent and temporal dynamics of charcoal production. Using an indirect approach we combine kiln maps and field information on charcoal making to describe the magnitude and intensity of forest degradation linked to charcoal production, including aboveground biomass and carbon emissions. Our findings reveal that forest degradation associated to charcoal production in the study area is largely independent from deforestation driven by agricultural expansion and that its impact on forest cover change is in the same order of magnitude as deforestation. Our work illustrates the feasibility of using estimates of urban charcoal consumption to establish a link between urban energy demands and forest degradation. This kind of approach has potential to reduce uncertainties in forest cover change and carbon emission assessments in sub-Saharan Africa.
    Keywords: General
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN41330 , Environmental Research Letters (e-ISSN 1748-9326); 11; 9; 094020
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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